1 "Even space experts can learn from this entertaining collection ofthe facts behind the facts \ -NeilArmstrona.Commander GeminiVIII.AdoIIo 1 *»•**•«* H*"•'o. Walk \m hp Ears Space? in AND 500 OTHER SURPRISING QUESTIONS ABOUT SPACE TRAVEL Boston Public library Do Your Ears Pop Space? in Also by R. Mike Mullane Red Sky, A Novel of Love, Space & War Liftoff! An Astronaut's Dream Do Your Ears Pop Space? in and 500 Other Surprising Questions about Space Travel R. Mike Mullane, Astronaut & John Wiley Sons, Inc. NewYork • Chichester• Brisbane •Toronto • Singapore • Weinheim This text is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 1997 by R. Mike Mullane All rights reserved. Published simultaneously in Canada. Photographs on pages 6, 7, 25, 30, 42, 43, 47, 52, 71, 74, 80, 81, 85, 86, 87, 88, 101, 115, 116, 117, 118, 124, 130, 131, 132, 135, 146, 164, 167, 170, 174, 179, and 180, courtesy ofNASA. Reproductionor translationofanypart ofthis workbeyond that permitted by Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Requests for permission or further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John & Wiley Sons, Inc. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative informa- tion in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold with the understand- ing that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. Iflegal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Library of Congress Cataloging^in^Publication Data Mullane, R. Mike. Do your ears pop in space? and 500 other surprising questions about space travel / R. Mike Mullane. p. cm. Includes index ISBN 0-471-15404—-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Astronautics Miscellanea. I. Title. TL793.M7893 1997 629.4—dc 20 96-28544 CIP Printed in the United States ofAmerica 9876543 10 2 1 This book is dedicated to the—heroes and heroines of America's NASA space program the team. BR BR TL793 M7893 1997 Acknowledgments Believe it or not, astronauts don't know everything about space, and I depended upon many other people to complete this work. A sincere thanks goes to the following individuals who gave freely of their time to answer questions or review my manuscript: Steve Nesbitt, Pam Alloway, Doug Ward, and Norma Rhoads of NASA the Johnson Space Center (JSC) Public Affairs Office; other NASA JSC employees Dan Adamo, Karen Ross, Duane Ross, Karen Edelstein, David Shaw, Bill Atwell, Bob Williams, Sharon Jones, Olan Bertrand, and Bill Bates; Astronauts Sid Gutierrez, Pierre Thuot, Jerry Ross, Robert (Hoot) Gibson, Jim Bagian, Dick Truly, Steve Hawley, Ken Bowersox, and Rhea Sed- don; Dennis Stocker of NASA's Lewis Research Center in Cleveland, who was particularly helpful in reviewing my com- NASA ments on weightlessness; Dr. Joe Boyce, a former flight surgeon, and Dr. Denise Baisden, a current flight surgeon, who were my medical sources; Tammy West, the source ofsome ofmy astronaut facts (as an astronaut office secretary, she probably knows more about astronauts than anybody alive); Colin Sikor- ski of Hitachi Semiconductor (America) Inc., who did some Einsteinium relativity calculations for me; Kay Hemme of Delta Airlines, who deserves a huge thanks for making it possible for me to travel so extensively to document Americans' curiosi—ty about space. Another big—thank you goes to my children Patrick, Amy, and Laura who have always been enthusiastic audiences for my literary efforts. Finally, a heartfelt thanks goes to my wife Donna. She's been my best friend and confidant for 29 years. Thanks again, everybody!