DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.3 Ch.12 Openings and closing appliances

104 Pages·2017·2.49 MB·English

RULES FOR CLASSIFICATION
Ships
Edition January 2017
Part 3 Hull
Chapter 12 Openings and closing appliances
The content of this service document is the subject of intellectual property rights reserved by DNV GL AS ("DNV GL"). The user
accepts that it is prohibited by anyone else but DNV GL and/or its licensees to offer and/or perform classification, certification
and/or verification services, including the issuance of certificates and/or declarations of conformity, wholly or partly, on the
basis of and/or pursuant to this document whether free of charge or chargeable, without DNV GL's prior written consent.
DNV GL is not responsible for the consequences arising from any use of this document by others.
The electronic pdf version of this document, available free of charge
from http://www.dnvgl.com, is the officially binding version.
DNV GL AS
FOREWORD
DNV GL rules for classification contain procedural and technical requirements related to obtaining
and retaining a class certificate. The rules represent all requirements adopted by the Society as
basis for classification.
© DNV GL AS January 2017
Any comments may be sent by e-mail to [email protected]
If any person suffers loss or damage which is proved to have been caused by any negligent act or omission of DNV GL, then DNV GL shall
pay compensation to such person for his proved direct loss or damage. However, the compensation shall not exceed an amount equal to ten
times the fee charged for the service in question, provided that the maximum compensation shall never exceed USD 2 million.
In this provision "DNV GL" shall mean DNV GL AS, its direct and indirect owners as well as all its affiliates, subsidiaries, directors, officers,
employees, agents and any other acting on behalf of DNV GL.
CHANGES – CURRENT t
n
e
r
This document supersedes the July 2016 edition. r
u
Changes in this document are highlighted in red colour. However, if the changes involve a whole chapter,
c
section or sub-section, normally only the title will be in red colour.
-

s
Main changes January 2017, entering into force as from date of e
g
publication
n
a
h
• Sec.1 General
C
— The text is revised to clarify the requirements and align with IACS.
2
1
• Sec.2 Access openings in freeboard deck and other exposed decks
r
e
— The text is revised to clarify the requirements and align with IACS. t
p
a
• Sec.3 Internal doors and hatches h
C
— The text is revised to clarify the requirements and align with IACS.

3

• Sec.5 Side, stern and bow doors - ramps t
r
a
— The requirements to shell doors are aligned with IACS.
P
• Sec.6 Windows, side scuttles and skylights
— Sec.6 [5.2]: A minimum requirement is introduced for the adhesive bonding for windows.
Editorial corrections
In addition to the above stated changes, editorial corrections may have been made.
Rules for classification: Ships — DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.3 Ch.12. Edition January 2017 Page 3
Openings and closing appliances
DNV GL AS
CONTENTS s
t
n
e
Changes – current..................................................................................................3 t
n
o
Section 1 General....................................................................................................9 C

1 Application...........................................................................................9 2
1
2 Definition.............................................................................................9
r
3 Documentation requirements.............................................................. 9 e
t
3.1 General........................................................................................... 9 p
a
3.2 Operating and maintenance manual....................................................9
h
3.3 Testing...........................................................................................10 C

3.4 Certification requirements................................................................11 3

t
r
Section 2 Access openings in freeboard deck and other exposed decks................12 a
P
1 Access openings in freeboard and superstructure decks....................12
1.1 General..........................................................................................12
1.2 General securing arrangement..........................................................13
1.3 Securing arrangements for hatches in way of tanks.............................14
2 Service/access hatches..................................................................... 15
2.1 Application and definition.................................................................15
2.2 Materials........................................................................................15
2.3 Height of hatch coamings................................................................15
2.4 Scantling of hatch coamings and covers............................................ 15
2.5 Special requirements for type 'A' ships..............................................16
3 Small hatchways fitted on the exposed fore deck (UR S26)...............16
3.1 Application.....................................................................................16
3.2 General..........................................................................................16
3.3 Strength........................................................................................16
3.4 Primary securing devices.................................................................17
3.5 Requirement to primary securing......................................................17
3.6 Secondary securing devices............................................................. 19
4 Weathertight doors............................................................................19
4.1 General..........................................................................................19
4.2 Sill heights and arrangement........................................................... 20
4.3 Scantlings and structural arrangement.............................................. 21
Section 3 Internal doors and hatches...................................................................22
1 Application.........................................................................................22
2 Securing and tightness arrangement.................................................22
Rules for classification: Ships — DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.3 Ch.12. Edition January 2017 Page 4
Openings and closing appliances
DNV GL AS
2.1 General..........................................................................................22 s
t
2.2 Securing arrangements for hatch- or ramp covers carrying deck cargo...22 n
e
2.3 Sealing..........................................................................................22
t
n
3 Internal hatches/ramps.....................................................................23
o
3.1 Design loads.................................................................................. 23 C

3.2 Strength of hatch- and ramp cover...................................................24 2
1
4 Watertight doors and hatches...........................................................25

r
4.1 General..........................................................................................25 e
t
4.2 Operation.......................................................................................25 p
a
4.3 Strength........................................................................................25
h
C
Section 4 Cargo hatch covers - coamings and closing arrangements of cargo
3
hold of ships (UR S21A).......................................................................................28

t
1 General.............................................................................................. 29 r
a
1.1 Definitions......................................................................................29 P
1.2 Application.....................................................................................29
1.3 Structural arrangement....................................................................30
1.4 Material.........................................................................................30
1.5 Net scantling approach....................................................................30
2 Loads on hatch cover and coaming................................................... 31
2.1 Application.....................................................................................31
2.2 Load case A: vertical and horizontal weather design load.....................31
2.3 Load case B: cargo loads.................................................................34
2.4 Load case C: container loads........................................................... 35
2.5 Load case D: loads due to liquids in hold...........................................38
2.6 Load case E: loads due to elastic deformations of the ship's hull............38
3 Hatch cover strength criteria.............................................................38
3.1 Permissible stresses and deflections..................................................38
3.2 Local scantlings..............................................................................40
3.3 Strength calculation........................................................................44
3.4 Buckling strength of hatch cover structures........................................46
4 Details of hatch covers......................................................................46
4.1 Container foundations on hatch covers..............................................46
4.2 Weather tightness...........................................................................47
4.3 Packing..........................................................................................47
5 Hatch coaming design and strength criteria......................................48
5.1 General..........................................................................................48
5.2 Local net plate thickness of coamings............................................... 49
5.3 Net scantling of secondary stiffeners of coamings............................... 49
Rules for classification: Ships — DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.3 Ch.12. Edition January 2017 Page 5
Openings and closing appliances
DNV GL AS
5.4 Coaming stays................................................................................49 s
t
5.5 Further requirements for hatch coamings...........................................51 n
e
6 Closing arrangement..........................................................................53
t
n
6.1 Securing devices.............................................................................53
o
6.2 Hatch cover supports, stoppers and supporting structures....................55 C

2
Section 5 Side, stern and bow doors - ramps.......................................................58 1

1 Side and stern doors/ramps..............................................................58 r
e
1.1 Application.....................................................................................58 t
p
1.2 General..........................................................................................58 a
h
1.3 Structural arrangement....................................................................59
C
1.4 Design loads at sea........................................................................ 59
3
1.5 Design loads in port........................................................................60
t
1.6 Plating...........................................................................................60 r
a
1.7 Stiffeners.......................................................................................61 P
1.8 Girders..........................................................................................61
1.9 Acceptance criteria for direct calculations...........................................62
1.10 Closing arrangement, general.........................................................62
1.11 Closing arrangement, strength........................................................63
1.12 Closing arrangement, system for operation and indication/
monitoring...........................................................................................63
2 Bow doors..........................................................................................65
2.1 Application and definitions...............................................................65
2.2 Arrangement..................................................................................66
2.3 Materials........................................................................................66
2.4 Design loads.................................................................................. 67
2.5 Strength criteria.............................................................................69
2.6 Structural arrangement....................................................................70
2.7 Plating...........................................................................................70
2.8 Stiffeners.......................................................................................71
2.9 Girders..........................................................................................71
2.10 Closing arrangement, general.........................................................72
2.11 Closing arrangement, strength........................................................73
2.12 Closing arrangement, system for operation and indication and
monitoring...........................................................................................75
Section 6 Windows, side scuttles and skylights....................................................77
1 Application and general requirements...............................................77
1.1 Application and general requirements................................................77
2 Definitions..........................................................................................77
Rules for classification: Ships — DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.3 Ch.12. Edition January 2017 Page 6
Openings and closing appliances
DNV GL AS
2.1 Definitions......................................................................................77 s
t
3 Arrangement and positioning............................................................ 78 n
e
3.1 Arrangement and positioning............................................................78
t
n
4 Glass thickness..................................................................................79
o
4.1 Glass thickness...............................................................................79 C

5 Mounting frame design......................................................................81 2
1
5.1 Strength........................................................................................81

r
5.2 Adhesive bonding............................................................................81 e
t
6 Testing requirements.........................................................................82 p
a
6.1 Introduction................................................................................... 82
h
6.2 Test arrangement............................................................................82 C

6.3 Test temperature for laminated glass................................................ 82 3

6.4 Hose testing...................................................................................82 t
r
a
Section 7 Tank access, ullage and ventilation openings........................................83 P
1 General.............................................................................................. 83
1.1 Introduction................................................................................... 83
2 Tank access hatchways..................................................................... 83
2.1 Scantlings......................................................................................83
3 Air pipes............................................................................................84
3.1 General..........................................................................................84
3.2 Scantlings......................................................................................85
4 Ventilators.........................................................................................85
4.1 Coaming and closing arrangement....................................................85
4.2 Scantlings......................................................................................86
4.3 Arrangement and support................................................................86
5 Strength requirements for fore deck air pipes, ventilator pipes and
their closing devices (UR S27).............................................................87
5.1 Application.....................................................................................87
5.2 Design loads.................................................................................. 87
5.3 Scantlings......................................................................................88
Section 8 Machinery space openings.....................................................................91
1 Machinery space openings.................................................................91
1.1 Openings....................................................................................... 91
2 Special requirements for type 'A' ships.............................................91
2.1 Machinery casings...........................................................................91
Section 9 Scuppers, inlets and discharges............................................................92
1 Inlets and discharges........................................................................92
Rules for classification: Ships — DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.3 Ch.12. Edition January 2017 Page 7
Openings and closing appliances
DNV GL AS
1.1 General..........................................................................................92 s
t
2 Pipes..................................................................................................94 n
e
2.1 Pipe thickness................................................................................ 94
t
n
3 Scuppers............................................................................................95
o
3.1 Scuppers........................................................................................95 C

4 Periodically unmanned machinery space...........................................96 2
1
4.1 Periodically unmanned machinery space............................................ 96

r
5 Garbage chutes..................................................................................96 e
t
5.1 General..........................................................................................96 p
a
h
Section 10 Freeing ports.......................................................................................98
C
1 Definitions..........................................................................................98
3
1.1 Definitions......................................................................................98
t
2 Freeing ports.....................................................................................98 r
a
2.1 Freeing port area............................................................................98 P
3 Location and protection of openings................................................100
3.1 Location and protection of openings................................................100
4 Multiple wells...................................................................................100
5 Free flow area................................................................................. 100
6 Special requirements.......................................................................101
6.1 Type 'A' ships...............................................................................101
6.2 Type 'B-100' and 'B-60' ships.........................................................101
Changes – historic..............................................................................................102
Rules for classification: Ships — DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.3 Ch.12. Edition January 2017 Page 8
Openings and closing appliances
DNV GL AS
SECTION 1 GENERAL 1

n
o
1 Application
i
t
c
In this chapter the requirements for the arrangement of openings and closing appliances have been collected.
e
In general, the closing appliances shall have at least the strength corresponding to the required strength of
S
that part of the hull in which they are fitted.

2
1
2 Definition
r
e
Definition of position 1 and position 2 is given in Ch.1 Sec.4 [3.2].
t
p
a
3 Documentation requirements h
C

3.1 General 3

t
The documents to be submitted are indicated in Ch.1 Sec.3. r
a
P
3.2 Operating and maintenance manual
3.2.1 General
Shell doors, such as bow doors and inner doors, side doors an stern doors leading to RO/RO spaces or special
category spaces as defined in Ch.1 Sec.4, shall be provided with an operational maintenance manual (OMM)
that shall have a content as described in [3.2.2].
(IACS UR S8.8 and S9.7)
3.2.2 Required content for OMM
a) Main particulars and design drawings
— special safety precautions
— details of vessel, class
— equipment and design loading (for ramps)
— key plan of equipment (doors and ramps)
— manufacturer's recommended testing for equipment
— description of equipment for
— bow doors
— inner bow doors
— bow ramp/doors
— side doors
— stern doors
— central power pack
— bridge panel
— engine control room panel.
b) Service conditions
— limiting heel and trim of ship for loading/unloading
— limiting heel and trim for door operations
— doors/ramps operating instructions
— doors/ramps emergency operating instructions.

Rules for classification: Ships — DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.3 Ch.12. Edition January 2017 Page 9
Openings and closing appliances
DNV GL AS
c) Maintenance 1

— schedule and extent of maintenance n
— trouble-shooting o
i
— acceptance/rejection criteria, acceptable clearances t
c
— manufacturer's maintenance procedures.
e
d) Register of inspections, including: S

— inspection of locking, securing and supporting devices 2
1
— repairs and renewals.

r
e
3.2.3 The operating and maintenance manual shall be submitted for approval with respect to the items listed
t
above being contained in the manual. In addition, the inclusion of the necessary information with regard to p
inspections, trouble-shooting and acceptance/rejection criteria in the maintenance part shall be verified. a
h
Guidance note 1:
C
It is recommended that recorded inspections of the door supporting and securing devices are carried out by the ship's staff at

monthly intervals or following incidents that could result in damage, including heavy weather or contact in the region of the shell 3
doors.
t
Any damage recorded during such inspections should be reported. This should also be stated in the operating and maintenance r
a
manual.
P
---e-n-d---o-f---g-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
Guidance note 2:
Reference is made to the safety management system described in the ISM Code.
---e-n-d---o-f---g-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---
3.2.4 On board documentation
The operation and maintenance manuals for the shell doors shall be provided on board.
3.3 Testing
3.3.1 Function testing
All weathertight/watertight doors and hatch covers shall be function tested.
3.3.2 Container ships
For ships exclusively intended for the carriage of containers in the cargo holds, for which an exemption to
the ICLL, Reg.16 (see Sec.4) has been granted by the flag administration, and which complies with the
requirements given in Sec.4 [4.3.3] and Sec.4 [6.1.6], the required testing for weather tightness given in
Pt.2 Ch.4 Sec.2 may be dispensed with.
If non-weathertight hatch covers are fitted, this will be noted in the appendix to classification certificate with
the implication that hose testing for weather tightness in accordance with Pt.2 Ch.4 Sec.2 will not be carried
out.
3.3.3 Damage condition
Doors and hatch covers which become immersed by an equilibrium or an intermediate water plane in a
damaged condition shall be subjected to a hydrostatic pressure test. The head of water used for the pressure
test shall correspond at least to the head, measured from the lower edge of the door opening, at the location
in which the door is fitted in the vessel, to the most unfavourable damage waterplane. The acceptance
criteria for the test is no leakage.
2
For large doors, above 6 m , structural analysis may be accepted in lieu of pressure testing. Where such
doors utilise gasket seals, a prototype pressure test of the gasket seal shall be carried out to confirm that
the compression of the gasket material is capable of accommodating maximum deflection, revealed by
the structural analysis. After installation of such door or hatch, the initial gasket compression shall be
documented.
Rules for classification: Ships — DNVGL-RU-SHIP Pt.3 Ch.12. Edition January 2017 Page 10
Openings and closing appliances
DNV GL AS