Table Of ContentDistributed Energy Systems
T his book provides the insight of various topology and control algorithms used for power control in distributed energy power
conversion systems such as solar, wind, and other power sources. It covers traditional and advanced control algorithms of
power f ltering including modelling and simulations, and hybrid power generation systems. The adaptive control, model
predictive control, fuzzy-based controllers, Artif cial Intelligence-based control algorithm, and optimization techniques
application for estimating the error regulator gains are discussed.
F eatures of this book include the following:
• C overs the schemes for power quality enhancement, and voltage and frequency control.
• P rovides complete mathematical modelling and simulation results of the various conf gurations of the renewable
energy-based distribution systems.
• I ncludes design, control, and experimental results.
• D iscusses mathematical modelling of classical and adaptive control techniques.
• E xplores recent application of control algorithm and power conversion.
T his book is aimed at researchers, professionals, and graduate students in power electronics, distributed power generation
systems, control engineering, Artif cial Intelligence-based control algorithms, optimization techniques, and renewable
energy systems.
Control Theory and Applications
Series Editor: Dipankar Deb, Institute of Infrastructure, Technology,
Research and Management (IITRAM)
This book series is envisaged to add to the scholarly discourse on high-quality books in all areas related to control theory
and applications. The book series provides a forum for the control scientists and engineers to exchange related knowledge
and experience on contemporary research and development in control and automation. This includes aircraft control, adap-
tive control, sliding mode control, evolutionary control, fuzzy theory and control, robotic manipulators, and even control
applications in areas such as the Internet of Things and Big Data. The scope includes all aspects of control engineering
needed to implement practical control systems, from analysis and design, through simulation and hardware, with a special
emphasis on bridging the gap between theory and practice. It aims to explore the latest research f ndings and provide atten-
tion to emerging topics in control theory and its applications to diverse domains of engineering and technology, to expand
the knowledge base and applications of this rapidly evolving and interdisciplinary f eld. The series will include textbooks,
references, handbooks, and short-form books.
Control Strategies of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive for Electric Vehicles
Chiranjit Sain, Atanu Banerjee, and Pabitra Kumar Biswas
Distributed Energy Systems
Design, Modeling, and Control
Edited by Ashutosh K. Giri, Sabha Raj Arya, and Dmitri Vinnikov
For more information about this series, please visit: w ww.routledge.com/Control-Theory-and-Applications/book-series/
CRCCTA
Distributed Energy Systems
Design, Modeling, and Control
Edited by Ashutosh K. Giri, Sabha Raj Arya, and Dmitri Vinnikov
F irst edition published 2023
b y CRC Press
6 000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487–2742
a nd by CRC Press
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
C RC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group , LLC
© 2023 selection and editorial matter, Ashutosh K. Giri, Sabha Raj Arya and Dmitri Vinnikov; individual chapters, the contributors
R easonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for
the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all
material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any
copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint.
E xcept as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by
any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microf lming, and recording, or in
any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers.
F or permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, access www.copyright.com or contact the Copyright Clearance
Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978–750–8400. For works that are not available on CCC please contact
mpkbookspermissions@tandf.co.uk
Trademark notice : Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used only for identif cation and
explanation without intent to infringe.
ISBN: 978-1-032-13424-6 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-032-13425-3 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-22912-4 (ebk)
DOI: 10.1201/9781003229124
Typeset in Times
by Apex CoVantage, LLC
Contents
E ditor Biographies ...............................................................................................................................................................vii
List of Contributors ...............................................................................................................................................................ix
Preface. ..................................................................................................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................1
A shutosh K. Giri, Sabha Raj Arya and Rakesh Maurya
Chapter 2 Design and Performance Analysis of Grid Connected Hybrid-Distributed Generation
Using DIgSILENT PowerFactory ....................................................................................................................7
A noop Arya, Shweta Mehroliya, Uliya Mitra, Sushma Gupta, Rishi Kumar Singh,
and Prateek Mundra
Chapter 3 Active, Passive and Hybrid Filters in DG Systems for Power Quality Improvement ....................................25
A noop Arya, Uliya Mitra, Shweta Mehroliya, Sushma Gupta, Shilpi Tomar
and Karuna Nikum
Chapter 4 A Performance Review of Control Algorithms for VSC to Improve the Power Quality
Features in Single-Phase Wind-Based Distributed Generation ..................................................................... 47
A shutosh K. Giri, Sabha Raj Arya and Rakesh Maurya
Chapter 5 Variable Speed Wind and Hydro Power-Based Distributed Generation for Remote
Electrif cation ................................................................................................................................................. 61
G eeta Pathak, Bhim Singh and B. K. Panigrahi
Chapter 6 Modelling of Energy Sources and Loads for Distributed Power Generation ................................................ 75
P agidipala Sravanthi and Vuddanti Sandeep
Chapter 7 Hardware Development of Three-to-Three Phase Indirect Matrix Converters .............................................89
P ayal Patel and Mahmadasraf A. Mulla
Chapter 8 Grid-Interactive Solar Energy Conversion Systems ..................................................................................... 105
S hailendra Kumar and More Raju
Chapter 9 Multifunction Grid-Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System for Water
Pumping and Distributed Generation Application .......................................................................................125
V amja Rajan Vinodray and Mahmadasraf A. Mulla
Chapter 10 Fixed-Speed Wind and Solar Power System with Multifunctional Voltage Source Converter ................... 143
G eeta Pathak, Bhim Singh and B. K. Panigrahi
Chapter 11 DROGI-FLL-Based Control Algorithm for Coordinated Operation of 3P4W Wind/Solar
Hybrid System .............................................................................................................................................. 155
S ombir, Madhusudan Singh, Ashutosh K. Giri, and Sabha Raj Arya
v
vi Contents
Chapter 12 Intelligent Proportional Integral-Sliding Mode Control for Standalone Variable-Speed
Wind Energy Conversion Systems ............................................................................................................... 169
Anjana Jain, Saravanakumar Rajendran, K. Deepa, Ashutosh K. Giri, Sabha Raj Arya,
Biswajeet Rout, and Prabhakaran K. K.
Chapter 13 Lithium-Ion Batteries: Characteristics, Modelling and Application ............................................................ 185
U jjval B. Vyas, Varsha A. Shah and Athul Vijay P. K.
Chapter 14 A Complete Battery Management System of Li-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicle Applications ................ 213
J . Saikrishna Goud and Kalpana R.
Chapter 15 Comprehensive Analysis of Ultracapacitors ................................................................................................229
A thul Vijay P. K., Varsha A. Shah, Ujjval B. Vyas and Nikunj Patel
Chapter 16 Energy Scheduling and Flexibility Quantif cation in Buildings ..................................................................249
R oya Ahmadiahangar, Andrei Blinov and Dimosthenis Peftitsis
Chapter 17 Shade-Tolerant PV Microconverters ............................................................................................................ 261
V adim Sidorov, Abualkasim Bakeer, Hamed Mashinchi Maheri, Naser Hassanpour,
Showrov Rahman, and Andrii Chub
Chapter 18 LCL-Filter Design and Application .............................................................................................................283
O leksandr Husev and Oleksandr Matiushkin
Index ..................................................................................................................................................................................295
Editor Biographies
Ashutosh K. Giri received his bachelor of engineering in and Industrial Engineering Pvt. Ltd, Ahmedabad, India,
electrical engineering from College of Technology, G. B. and is serving as an honorary advisor (technical services) in
Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar Cubatics Industries Pvt. Ltd, Surat, India. He is life member
Uttarakhand, India, in 2002; M.E in electrical engineering of the Indian Society of Technical Education. Recently, he
with specialization in power systems from the L.D. College was included on an advisory board as a member in Society
of Engineering, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, in 2005; and of Power Engineers, Vadodara Chapter.
PhD from the Department of Electrical Engineering,
Sardar Vallabh National Institute of Technology, Surat, Sabha Raj Arya (M 2012, SM 2015) received a bachelor
India in 2020. In June 2005, he joined Department of of engineering degree in electrical engineering from Govern-
Electrical Engineering, PIET Limda (now deemed uni- ment Engineering College Jabalpur, in 2002; Master of Tech-
versity) Vadodara as a lecturer. In May 2011, he joined nology in Power Electronics from Motilal National Institute
the Department of Electrical Engineering, Government of Technology, Allahabad, in 2004; and PhD degree in
Engineering College, Bharuch, as an assistant professor. He electrical engineering from Indian Institute of Technology
has authored and co-authored more than 30 research papers (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi, India, in 2014. He is an assistant
in reputed journals such as I EEE Transactions and IET professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering,
Journal , and books published by Wiley, Taylor & Francis, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat.
Springer, etc. He has also co-authored one book which is In January 2019, he was promoted as associate professor in
published in Springer Publication, Singapore. He is work- same institute. His f elds of interest include power electron-
ing on another book on Power Quality: Infrastructure and ics, power quality, design of power f lters, and distributed
Control with Springer Nature Publication, Singapore. He power generation. He received two national awards, namely
has received the sponsored research grant of Rs. 25 Lakhs the INAE Young Engineer Award from Indian National
from the director of technical education, Gujarat state Academy of Engineering and the POSOCO Power System
under STEM Scheme. He is working as a principal inves- Award from Power Grid Corporation of India in the year of
tigator in this project. He has coordinated f ve short-term 2014 for his research work. He is also received AmitGarg
training programme including the recently concluded All- Memorial Research Award in 2014 from IIT Delhi from
India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) Training the high-impact publication in a quality journal during the
and Learning faculty development program (ATAL FDP). session 2013–2014. At present, he has published more than
He has qualif ed GATE Examination three times with a hundred research paper in internal national journals and
reputed percentile scores. He has delivered national and conferences in the f eld of electrical power quality. He also
international level expert talk at various reputed univer- serves as an associate editor for the journal I ET Renewable
sities across India, including SVNIT, SURAT, and Delhi Power Generation.
Technical University, New Delhi. He has received a
Research Opportunity Week (ROW) scholarship and vis- Dmitri Vinnikov (M 2007, SM 2011) received the Dipl.
ited Technical University of Munich (Germany) in March– Eng., M.Sc., and Dr.Sc.Techn. degrees in electrical engi-
April 2019. He has also served as a Technical Programme neering from the Tallinn University of Technology,
Committee member in conferences organized at Scientif c Tallinn, Estonia, in 1999, 2001, and 2005, respectively.
Federation of Dallas, USA and Kenitra, Morocco. He has He is currently the head of the Power Electronics Group,
also chaired Technical Session in IEEE-sponsored inter- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tallinn University
national conference at IIITDM Kancheepuram, Chennai. of Technology, and a guest researcher at the Institute of
He organized a special session at the world-reputed IEEE- Industrial Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Riga
ECCE2020 Conference at Detroit, USA. He also organized Technical University, Riga, Latvia. He has authored more
a special session at ECCE-ASIA 2021 at Singapore. He is than 150 published papers on power converter design and
serving as a potential reviewer in various reputed journals development, and is the holder of numerous patents and
such as IEEE Transactions of Power Electronics, IEEE utility models in this f eld. His research interests include
Transactions on Industrial Electronics, IET , Wiley etc. He switch-mode power converters, modeling and simulation of
was nominated best researcher of the year 2019 at electrical power systems, applied design of power converters and con-
department, SVNIT, Surat in 2019. He is also serving as trol systems, and application and development of energy-
an honorary advisor (technical services) to GMDT Marine storage systems.
vii
Contributors
Prof. B. K. Panigrahi and Prof. Bhim Singh Shilpi Tomar
Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Delhi SATI Vidisha-India
Dimosthenis Peftitsis Karuna Nikum
NTNU, Norway Thakur College of Engineering & Technology, Mumbai
Geeta Pathak
Rishi Kumar Singh
G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology,
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal
Pantnagar, Uttarakhand
Prateek Mundra
Oleksandr Husev
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal
TalTech University, Eastonia
Dr. Kalpana R.
Rakesh Maurya
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engg., National
SVNIT, Surat
Institute of Technology Surathkal
Mr. Athul Vijay P. K., Prof. (Dr.) Varsha A. Shah,
Mr. Ujjval B. Vyas, Prof. (Dr.) Varsha A. Shah,
Mr. Ujjval B. Vyas, Dr. Nikunj Patel(1,2,3)
Mr. Athul Vijay P. K.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai
Department of Electrical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai
National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India.(4)
National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India
Department of Electrical Engineering, Shree Swami
Atmanand Saraswathi, Institute of Technology, Surat,
Dr. J. Saikrishna Goud
Gujarat, India
Electrical & Electronics Engg., Manipal Institute of
Technology, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher
Dr. Ashutosh K. Giri
Education, Manipal
Government Engineering College, Bharuch
Dr. Anjana Jain
Dr. Sabha Raj Arya
Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa
Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat
Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Prof. (Dr.) Madhusudan Singh
Dr. Saravanakumar Rajendran
Delhi Technological University, New Delhi
University of Santiago of Chile, Electrical Engineering
Department, Santiago, Chile
Mr. Sombir
Delhi Technological University, New Delhi Dr. K. Deepa
Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa
Mr. Vamja Rajan Vinodray Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology,
Surat, Gujarat, India Dr. Prabhakaran K. K.
National Institute of Technology, Surathkal, Karnataka
Miss. Uliya Mitra
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal Mr. Biswajeet Rout
Kansas State University, USA
Dr. Anoop Arya
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal Dr. Vuddanti Sandeep
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of
Dr. Sushma Gupta Technology (NIT) Andhra Pradesh, Tadepalligudem
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal
Ms. Pagidipala Sravanthi
Shweta Mehroliya Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal of Technology (NIT) Andhra Pradesh, Tadepalligudem
ix
