Digital Logic And Computer Design By M. Morris Mano

525 Pages·2006·13.29 MB·English

Digital Logic
and
Computer Design

M. MORRIS MANO
PREFACE «
1_ BINARY SYSTEMS i
1-1 Digital Computers and Digial Sysiems 7
1-2 Binary Numbers
13 Number Hose Conversions — 6
14 Octal und Hexadecimal Nemben 9
1S Compleweos 20
16 Signed Binary Nuaaters 28
17 Binary Cres a7
148 Binary Storage and Regis 25
19 Buary Luge 28
Refetemes 2
Problems a3
2_BOOLEAN ALGEBRA AND LOGIC GATES 36

24 Basie Detitions 36
22. Aviomie Definition uf Boolean Algehra 3
2A Basic Theorems and Pepetties uf uslean Algebra

“
24 Bxisaa Functions 4
23 Comencal and Stan! Forme 4
26 Or Logie Operations 56
Digital Logie Gans

egies Ciouies 62
References?

Droblers — 68

2 SIMPLIFICATION OF BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS 7

Bt The Mop Merssl 72
2 Twn and This Vitis Mtups 22
33 Powe Sirihle May 78
4 Five Vaviahle Map 82
BE Penauet ol Sunny Sugl'4caton 84
34 NAND and NOR Tnplememtation AB
37 Otles Foot excl Inmplemetitions — Hf
BS Bent Care Cendllone 8
39 The ‘Isbulaton Method OE
BllhDsterminali f Prime Iephcte 707
BAL Selactam ai Prime Inplicsats 106
12 Conluding Remarks 108
Rofeuness U0
Prohlems 14

4_COMBINATIONAL LOGIC 4

41 dutnwticton 174
44 Daign Procesue 5

4S Aides 6

44 Sabin 9

45° Goce Crmenion 42

46 Aniys's Picedie 26
47 Mutleyel NANT Ceoms 10
44 Mukiesel NOR Crews 23
49 ExlosiveOR Fonction 442
Relernest 148
Problems 149
5_MSI_AND PLD COMPONENTS 152
Sl Uunwuctisn 152
52 Binaty Adder vod Subwacior 154
SS Decimal Addict 160
54 Magniude Compantor 16
TDecaders wad kacoders 266
Moliphesers £77
Read-Only Meniory (KOM) 280
$8 Prowrammable Logic amsy (PIA) 447
59 Programmable Aray Logic (PAL! £92
Referun 197
Probleme 197
6_ SYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL LOGIC 202
G1 mode 202
62 FpFlops 204
63 Triggecing of Flip-Flops 240
6-4 Analysis af Ciockod Sarpental Civ 228
65 Sule Reduction and Atsignnent 228,
66 FlipFlop Essai Tubes 237
87 Desiga Provo — 26
6¥ Design of Coumers 247
Refrenecs 281
Problem 252
7_REGISTERS, COUNTERS, AND THE MEMORY UNIT 257

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14

Innructon
Registers

2s7
258
Stull Magisters 264

opal
Sychiomis Counters 277

je Comers 272

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1 Seyuences 285
anda Assess Morory TRAM) 288
eumiry Decoding 202
Envoomrecting Coles 240
Reiesnces 32

Pecblems 303

8 ALGORITHMIC STATE MACHINES (ASN) 307
ft Ingoducuoa 307
2 ASM Chu 308
83 Tuning Consideratume 302
84 Cnc! Implementation 37
BK Pesign with Mutliplonors 333
Ri PLAConlinn 3M
Keieenoss 338
Prublems 297
9_ASYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL LOGIC 341

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Tweroduction 347
Acuigyse Pracedure 348
‘Grovits wie Latches 22

Design Procedine 359

Reduction of Svc al Flew Tables 366
Receive State Assignment! 374
Mseaus 9

Toesign Example 88

Relerances 39

Probleas 392
10_DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUTTS. 399
AWA Imretection 399
102 Special Charscusicce 401
103 Ripule-Trunssur Charustriniss 495.
Wo4 RTLundDTLCreoxs 409
WS TansisiorTrusistor Loris (TTL) $72
3066 Eimmincr-Caopled Logie (BCL) 422
30.7 Metl-Oxide Semiomnduowe (MOS! 424
108 Complementary MOS (CMOS! 27
10 CMOS Transmission Gate Circus 43
References 409
Proves 484
11_ LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS. 436,

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et

Inwodustion 1 Fxgeciments 438
Binary and Decimal Nombre 442
Digit Logic Gares es
Simpliieation of Boolean Fonetons 446
Coobinsional Chests 447

Cole Canvenses 4a
Design wih Mutiplesces 464
Adders and Sobicluns #52

Hip Flops 45S

Sequential Cucuits 458

Cewalers 58

Shift Ropises 462

Serial Addin — 464

Memory Unit 48

soy Hutball 467

CClock-Pulse Ceueraur 474

Panic Addce 473

iney Muliplier 475
Aejnchronms Seed City 477
12_ STANDARD GRAPHIC SYMEOLS

479

TI Revtangba Shans Spode 47
Gosling Symes a8

Pepenfcsey Nettion 484

Symbols (or Combimlonal Eheecu's 86

Stub toy Pig Flops 489

Syeabols fox Reiners 497

Svmbots for Counsss #4

Symbol for RAM 96

Releveares

Problems 497

ANSWERS TO SELECTED PROBLEMS

499
512
i ious. The sjost
inal knoe by otter names such as loge esi, digital logic, svching cinco, an
gil eysoans, Digilal scuts are cmployol i tbe sign of sytane such as gta
‘conmputers, contol systems. dtu commanteaions. aad many ther speciosa Te-
ire electronic digital Yariwae. ‘ois bank peers Une bin: cole fer desien of
Agta cites and previds etl ad procedures stale To variety of gt de
Sgn applicains

Many (alu uf the sond editoa sami the stra hose uf the fst ediion,
"he mattis sill orvanize in the san mouner. "he fit tvs chapter cave com
‘aiona eres. The next lorax chapters deal with evachrooaus sloshed vequenoa ct-
ib. Asnshronms sequential creults are inthe atx. The It three chapters
deal wide vuriow asoce: of connercallyauilahteftegraled cic.

“The sexo edilog, however, offers several improvements aver tbe Hs ction,
‘Mang soctinny have been rewiten to clarify He presentation. Chapters (through
‘aud Chapter 10 have heen evised by adding ae Wpto-date mara deleting ob
Slot subjects. New probleme hive been Toemlstad fe he int seve chapom. These
replace the problem set fv she Lrsl edition. Throe nes capetizaents ve horn aod
in Chapter 11. Chapter 12,1 new chapter, plewnls the ERE sandats grapiac rob
Zi lle eden

‘Lhe following i bref description of the aubjets tl are covered in cach clupter
‘wid an emphss on the seesons ta were made i th sab eon,
Chapter presents th aris nary sons suitable fr seprencng inneaon
in Sighs syctoras, Ty binary number eyes expla! abd hinary sie av IN
fencd. A now ecto has Boe aed oo sigved Boary runes

‘Chapter 2 urodices the bute plates of Uoolesa egshrs ans sbow< the correla
tion betwee Baslcan exprseswre nd thir corespanng logic Gagraus ATL oosile
Toute uperans fe co tris ars Eavestigaed fro hay the st seh gic
dgaes tke inthe design of digital ssems a¢e determine Ue sharacterstes ul we
Gai inn putes are mcotine fa hn chapler9u1 meee datas ata oF che
lsctrene sito of he ges dane in Crapter “1

‘Chapter 4 cover the hist and Uuliion medheds Tur sxapifyiag Boolean expres
sions, The map meth slo ued 39 saglify dig circuits wnsted itn AND
x, NAND. cc NOR gals, all other esi trlovel pte cirwits une cupeiead
we eer metbod of implemen ure nar Frm for ey renee

‘Chapler 4 nance the fac precedes fr Gi analysis and deny of enmbiow
ional semis. Sone base vormpanente weed in the docign uf cg ems. uth a
Inder and ond: vooverters, are inact dsign uamples. Th seta on alt
Ikyel NAND and NOR dplomertti fine hoe fesised to sbow simpler proces e
iia srting ASD OF diatems to NAND 9r NOR tyne

Chapter § presets varias mihi sede interaloy (MSI une) and pew
pumeble le device (ELD! coripments. Lneqieatly used igi gie funotions
ich an pnalil adder so sthiicary, deol, encoder ae queers, are ex
Ped, ae ther ase m the design of wounetonal zeus stated with exam
les Ih adk-oun tothe prgsamraablefead oely memes {VRONC and programmable
Miyie arcay iPt Ay eke Book om saree the inetd aesietion ofthe reguaamo:
tay logic Pal, These cace PLD stvnponerts are exlonssely teed a tr dasign snd
Implemeovion of conaplen digital ecu

‘Chapter 6 outlines Ue fra proceoes free analyss wa’ dssiga of ache syn
inate sequentisl cre. The gate siete oF several Types of Mip-Dupe pe
Seoted ragosfar wu a discus en the ifcence bebwcta pase Tes and pub m=
Sion triggering, Spife cramples ave nsed (show the derivation af be sae table
Sho wate Uigran hten anlyeing a s3qoeoro! elt. A amber vt desig examples
fre preseaiod wt ee! sean mae cuits tha st. D yp Mipsope,

Chapter 7 presen varius seyncnlial digital vomponents sch: wughets, htt
reginets al gounets, Three use! componsnss age te hasc Budi biusks or
{Sineh move complex digit sen are cenasuvka. The sccons om tke acon a=
{ss momerg RAMI Inve Ran oonepetl’ eeviscd wod a new eatin soi te
iananing eer oreting cou.

“Chapter H pessoa te ayn sare machine {ASME allo of igh desigr
‘ke ASM ceat isa spel Pow chart sua fe deseibing Brat sequen! ws at
let opeexions wth dite Inclvare, A numberof dei exaziplss emesis Theos
(fe ASM ekart ip ite dbsipn sf tate machines,

(Chapter 9 greene tarmal proves fo the analysis sad ssign of asynchrony
sequen croft Sedov ace uns th sta boot an vsyachrancus sequential si
cuit canbe implemented aa combinations circuit with teedheck. An alent imple-
entation olga deseibed thar uscs SR. Tes 26 the storage demas an ayn
creas sequential ere

(Chapter 10 presents the most common incgrate cit digital ogi Families. The
leccronie cucusoft conimen gle en each fami is analyzed sing electrical Seah
heory. basic knowodge of electric crit is necessary to fly uadersand the
mate ia this chapter. To new sections ae ineuded in the neoand edition. Oae ve
tion shoms Yow to evaluate the cumaceal values of four electri] harasses oF
fe. The ole aston intreduces che CMOS vansmasan gale al gives a few exae
es of ice ufos inthe oosizctin of digital cris.

(Chapter TT outlines 18 experiments tat ean be performed i te bontory with
bacdeare that is ecaily aud expensively ola commecilly Thine experiments
tse standard integrate ieee of the TEL type. ‘The operation of the integrated <1
‘lis explained by ceferring to diagtans i previous chapters pcre sic cape
‘ends are originals watreduced. Bach xps ban yresenied focally rather thn
{2 wop-hysizp fashion su that he sauder i expected pee Ue deals ofthe cit
‘uit diagram and formulate a procedure fer shocking the eperution of the circuit nh
borers.

‘Chapter (2 presents the tandard guaphic symbols for lie funsrions sestemmeode
by ANSLIDIE: Standard L-1984. These graphic symbols bave been devleped for SSI
and MST components su Ul the user cin recognize each fnction trem the Urigue
graphic oymbel esigns toi. The best time te loam he staard symbols is we
‘eanning aboot digial sem. Chapter IZ shows the sandard graphic symbols ofall
the integrated circuits used in he buraory experiments of Chapt 1)

“The various digital componct thal ave sepreented throught ds hey sind
to connneria M81 eacuite. Hovacwer, the tet does net mention epecitic intra
ait except in Chapters 11 and 12. The practical applcaion af tit design will he
‘abanced by doing Ue suggeste experiments Chapt 11 hie tying the theory
seated i te text.

Each shaper inthe bork has a it of rfecnees and se af problems. Anes ©
mort of the problems appeur in the Appendix ta ail the sludent und to help eho ind
pendent reader. A valine mana! i wale orth isto rom tbe publishes

M, Morris Mono