Словарь к Практической грамматике английского языка Раймонда Мёрфи (Dictionary for English Grammar in Use by Raymond Murphy)

65 Pages·2016·40.73 MB·Russian

by  Потапенко Т.А.

Dictionary
for
uEnglish Grammar in Use>
Canxm-Ilemepõypz
200tr
Camr-II erep6yprcxøË rocy¡aocreeuHuü
Texrtøqecxuit yla.ø
IIOTATIEHKO T.A.
K K IIp üKmûJq e c Kt ü ¿p ü.r;únn üm Í,JKe
aHzn u ísc t<o z o flS b, KtÐ)
Mëpfiu
Pañ¡,toruòa
(<English Grammar in IJse>
by Raymond Muryhy)
Cannr-IIrrepõypr
2001
EEK 81.2Anr¡.-4
Eomanenxo Tmtnaø Ane#ceeüfir
Cxoraps r <<llpaxrø.recxoü rparrl*rarr.rxe arrru¡ücroro Í3r,rna>> PaËuouga
Mep$u @ictionary for <English Grammar in Use>> by Raymond Murphy). -
CfI6.: I,I:¡-so <<Heurop>>, 2001.---64 c. - ISBN 5-303-00039-7
Cnonapr cocraBJren B noMoqb rrperro,(aBaTeJurM, gryger{TaM, rfir{oJrÉ-
HI{KaM H TeM, KTo H3JÆraeT arr¡øÌåc¡cr¿ã fSbrK caMogroÍTeJrbuo rIo BceMI{pHo
HsBecruoMy yue6unxy Paünrou4a MepQu. ,{nr nax¡oro rr3 rrepBbrx 127 ypo-
xon (units),{aërcs roJrbro no 12 cnot, sro6¡r ¡.rx 6suo HerpyÄr{o Er,r)ArHTb.
Ilepex y1loxaMu ÃaH cnøcox TepMHnoB, Koropbre r{cno[Ë3Jr¡orcx r y"øe6nøxe
npø o6racHesnu Honoro Marepr4ana. B ro¡rue rrpr4geÃeua ra6¡:¡¿.t\a Henpa-
BrrJrrrr¡Ix rnaroJroB (Appendix 1). B npenøcJroor.rr{ rpe,qroxer{br HexorôpËre
MeTO.4{lreCKEe COB grbt.
ISBN 5-303-00039-7
O floraner¡xo T.4., 200 I
Hecxonaxo þpas ônn Havana
{oporoÈi ¡pyr!
3ror ne6o¡r¡ruoñ cnonapb floMoxgr BaM H3yqarË anr¡uücxøË n:r,rr
no BerrrrKoJrerrHoMy yre6xøxy Paürvron4a MëpSø <<rpaxrøueoxaff rBaMMa-
røxa anm¡¿iácKoro s3rJra> (<English Grarnmar in use>). Xorr{ e yae6uøxe uur
HH OÆrOrO pyccKoro c.JIoBa, rroHr4Marb ero Herpy¡no, ocoõeHnû ecJIIl x Ka)f(-
Ãûì!íy ypoRy BÉryqøsrtr,toxlrriy ciloB r.r eHpaxenøü. flo¡resHee Bcero yqø.rb
r{x Ãffi Är.TItTaHTa, qro6rr lerro iiepero,qr.rrb c pyccKoto na anr¡ø_ücxøü.
3Ãecr Äasrr ToJrbKo re 3naqeHxrr, B xoropËrx crroBa øcnoJrb3y¡orcÍ n yue6na-
KC- B CTTOSOCOqETAHI¿flX TPAHCKP}TNqI,TÍ IIPHBCÃEHA TOJITìKO á'I TCX CJIOB,
Ilpor{3HolIreHlre Koropblx Moxer BbrSBarË 3aTpyÄHeHr4e. 3narou * orMeqeH¡¡
He.IlpaBr{JrÉfrËre fJraroJrËr, 3rrâ(ôÈ,t / or¡.aeqexri BapHeHTFr. f:rr irexoroplix
crroB nocJre suara ll Äano aMeplfraxcxûe I]pou3norrrerrøe,
"fl urapalacr, .rroõbr ÇJroBa rroJrHocrbr) coorlergrnoBa=lrø Marepr.raqy
ypoKoB. Ognaxo oro He BffiÄe y.qaJrocb, noroMv qTo HeroTopbtç
JrpoK_[r
BxrroqaJor MHoro HOBLIX cJroB' a ApyEre coüraBJreHLI lla coBceM nporroË
lreKcrrKe. Ecnra rcaroro-To cJroBa BËr He yBlrÃøl€ B coorBgrcrËyrarqelr ilo Ho-
Mepy ypoke, yqr4Te H r¡e couneBaüTecb: Bbr yxe Bcrpeqår-rH eto HJrø Bcrperr¿-
Te.aaJrbure. Hexoroprte ctroBa BaM, Bo3MoxHo, 3HaKoMÉI, Ho troMHHTe, qro
anrm¿ücraq op$orpa$øx KoBapHa, BeÃr, rpr,rnrlun eë øøropuqecrøü: Ha co-
BpeMeHHoM anrm¡ñcronr uumyr rax, KaK rÐuopr.utr.t aHur{qaue n XV eexe.
Egrr I{3BegrHaÍ ilr},rxa: anrm.rqage topoprr <<Manuegrepr>, a m{uryr
<Jllrnepnynr>. Ecrm nri 6y4m.e J rHTb crroBa r,r Bbrpajxerrru ,qJr;r AHKTaHTa, To
ÄcBoJIBHo cKopo 3aMerttre, qro TroiflIMarb, qHTarb H Ilacarb no-a.rr¡¡¿ücxu
saÀa scë lretrle H netqe.
Erqë o¡rln coBer. Pa6oraüre no yveõnmcy c ÃByr( KoHr¡oB, xax npo6n-
BArOT TOHHeirË B rope. c uepn;lx xe j4)ûKoB yqËTe HerrpaBHnåHbre ijiaroJrbr.
Vcragosrãrc.u¡rx ce6s roqHyro HopMy s 5 - 10 mâroJroB r{ y¡¡rãTe ux Ars,qr{K-
TaI{Ta. KorTa 6y'¡ere sHarb Bce $opux HellpaBHrrbHbrx rJraroJroB, yqr.rre Bbr-
pa)Kenrdf; ypoxa 136 no naparpa$arrr, sareu Bbrrrorr{raT€ Bce }nrpaxHenøx
ypoxa 136 u no raxoü xe Mero.qe npuur,luaùirecr,3a ypoK 135, rax ¡eüvrnyit-
Te Lr Ãanee. Haqullag c lpoKa 128, o6r,rcruorcr BCe Br,rpaxeHør c ¡esoã
crpaHr.{rlbr yrre6Hrü(a; lrÃJ¡r oHH ne no anrþarpÍTy, a rro ilaparpaóau. B oár¡r
pa¡ocrHuü AeHË Bbr yBr{ÃHTe, vro pa6ora 3aKonqeua r{ Bbr He rolrÉKo He-
rrroxo 3Hasre anrnnËcxyro rpauuarlrKy, Ho H Bartr nercrilrecxuü :anac yre-
rmqvßrcq flpr{Mepno ria 2000 ctrôB iã rr,rpaxeNøË.
B raKrno.{eHøe xoqy cma:}aTË õon¡moe cnacø6o BceM cBoIlM yqeHI,rKâM,
ueü:u:ry:øa3M rroÃÃepxøgan Àaoë crpeMJreHHe cocraBrrrrb I{M B noMorqb oTor
ueõo¡r¡uroä crroBapL.
{oporoü Ãpyr, KeJraro r.r Barr{ Tqprrenøn uygatul
Aemop
II unee ucm uqecnue mepw unbr
active ['æktrv] ¡eücrøøreror+rü saror, þopua
adjective l'æqlktff] LrMrI rrpulrarareJrbnoe
adverb ['ædve:b] Hapeqre
appendix [e'pen&ks] rpãiroxeune
apostrophe fe'pcstrefi] anoørpo$
auxiliTryverb [c:g'aljari'vo:b] BcnoMorarerlbnrrü r¡arox
brackets ['breklts] cxo6xø
elarse [klc:2,1 rq]ocroe npeÃlroxeur{e B cocraBe clo}I{Horo
comma ['kcme] 3'àrtñT'àfl.
comparati.re[kam'pæretrr] cpaaHl{TeJrbua.øcrelleËIb
compound ['kcmpaundj cocrannoe ciloBo
conditional sentence [ken'dlþnl] ycrroBHoe flpeÃtrox(enøe
l^u^t-J:ú,,ú-^úÈú-i-i - lLLd^e-'¡.rL uJr,u^J ^lJ,î *d1¡rl vvivJ
consonant ['kcnsenent] cor¡raur¡rü silyr; cornacuaa 6yxra
countablenorurs ['kauntebal] r,IcqucrÍeMblecyu{esrrurerrbubre
Ceterminer [dl'te:rnrne] oupe¡enÆou{ee cJroac
direct speech [dl'rekt'spi:f] nptMas peqb
double [dúl] y,4naaBarb
doublingconsoÍarrt['d,rbli¡] y¡FûeHÌrârcornacaaø6ycna
ending ['endlq] oKoHqaHEe
exception þk'sefar] I{cKirlorrex}re
expression [iks'preJør] BËIpaxeHHe
final syllable ['famal] xoneqnrrË, uoÇre¡Høü crror
future tenss ['fju:Sa'tens] 6ygyl¡ee BpeMr
hyphen ['hadar] ¡e$uc
imperative [m'peretrv] troBeïfiretrbnoe HaKJroHeHi{e
impersonal [rn'pe:sanal] 6esnøqn¡tü
inclex ['mdeks] npe¡uemuü yxa3arerrb
infinitive fin'ftnrtrv] HatI¿urËHaÍ Sopua rJlarona
modal verb [maudl] ruoÃanrnrrü ruarolr (rtlpaxaør BosMox-
nocrr/Hero¡MoxHocrb,qeücr¡Hs HJrr{ or-
HoIIIeHI{e x ner*aY)
nggative sentence, form ['negatw] orpxrlareJr],Hoe npeÃnoxeuøe, þopua
nor:n [naun] I{Mr cyqetrBnTeJrbgoe
object ['cb$rkt] Ãororrnenue
participle ['po:trsrpel] nplarlac&re; .qeerpü'racrüe
passive ['pæsrv] naccu¡nrrË sanor; naccl{Bu¿If, Sopua
past tense ['pc:st'tens] rpoilre4lllee BpeM,I
personal þronoun) ['pe:sanel] mrunnü; rIrTrIHoe MecrouMeuue
plural ['pluaal] Muoxegrrennoe.rrlcro
positive sentence, form [' przrtw] yrrep4lrreJrbuoe fipeÃlroxenøe, tþopua
preposition f.prepa'zgml upegnor
4
presenttense['prezant'tens]
HacrosrqeeBpeMir
prûnoür [pra'naun] MecroøMen¡le
quotation marks [kwau'terJan'mo:ksj KaBÊItrKI,I
questiontag['kwesfan'tæg]
Bo[pocr{TeJrbuarqacrr,pa3ÃeJruTerrbHo-
ro þacurreHeunoro) Bonpoca
reflexive pronoun [u'flekslv] Bo3rparuoe Mecror.rueHrãe
reiativeclause['reloirv'kb;z]
ûTaûûrireJ¡ÞHûer¡paÃarÕri¡ioeíipeÀûù-
' )ReHHe (cnrrannoe c raaBHLrM rrpø nÕ-
Morqø coro3noro cnona)
'spi:tl]
reported speech [u'pc:trd KocBeHHar peqb
sentence f'sentans] ñpeÃlrû;tcenne
s^.l'r--r-Ël^-u rär fI t ^s--i-l:j-g-l-1jurul Ll(KÌiui5uä¡iuE 1r'¡uJiu
spelling ['speh¡] op$orpa$øa, rpaBonncaune
stressed fstresï-l , y,ÃapxbrÞi
stsucture ['str,kfa] crpyxripâ, Kaacrpyxr¡øs
['s,rbcfurkt]
subject no¡Jre]Ka.qee
subjunctive [sab'd5,r4Étrvl cocJralarenbuoe rráìKJroHeHHe; cocJrara-
TeJIbHLIø
superlative [sju:'pa:lel.rv] ñperocxoÃHaÍ treIrffIb
syllable ['srlebal] cilorl
uncountable noun [lrn'karrntebd] HeI{cqI{cJIJ{eMoe cynlecrnøTeJrr'uoe
underlined [,,rnde'lamd] noÃqëpxufrbrä
verb [ve:b] ruIåroJr
vowel ['vaual] rnacnbrü 3ByK; rnacsafi õyKBa
word order ['we:ri'c:ciej flöpr¡,oK cnor
UN¡TS
UNIT
'
bath þo:0 llbæCI1 BaHHa; RlmaHlre
drive(drove, {draw (drauv, oxarb; Bo,qI,trL Marrr.Iny
driroeÐ drrvn)l
enjoy [m'd¡c{ HacñaxÃaT;cf, rroJr)rr{arb yÅoBonbcrrue
fall (fell, fallen) [fc:l (fel,fc:ln)J naqarr, nonl¿IxarÉcÍ
increase [ln'kri:s¡ BospasrarL, yeenuqlßarbcr
(lent,lent) (lent)l
lend flend oÿuuxrlBaTb, ,EaBarÉ B saËMbl
iookfor llukj uc(aTb
noise [nctzi ItryM
population [,pcpju'1e{ar] HacerleHlre
rice [rars] pgc
rise(rose,risen) ltaru(rauz,rvn)f roÆIaMâTbcr
yet [et] eqë, ncë eu1ë, elqë ne
5
UNIT 2
advise fed'valø] coBeroBarb
apologise/-gize [e'pclaftaIz] rã3cr{rurr6cÍ
agree [e'gri:] corJrallraTËcr
oausÊ [kc:z] npuquHa, ocnoBaul{e; Bbr3hrraTË, npøqa-
L^,L ,.óar Yi-,,.^*,
&L^vv.. ^ 4^ u4u rtuLu^..va rll uævl tly[n4ltøt Þ ôaEdJ
insist [m'slst] HacraurarË
once [wans]
oÃHax,Ebr
promise ['prcmts] o6erqanNe; o6etqLal:,,pasz. yBepsrË
recommend [,reka'mend] pexoueH¿onarr
refüsc [rr'firr:z] o:xa:aearr(ca), oreepraTr], orprirlaTb
suggest [sa'ftest] rpeÄxararb
fu"ice [t-wals]
ÄBaxÄÊl
UNIT 3
Íl¡¿Mediterzuearr [,medita'remjen] Cpe4lsel,croeMope
Nile [narl]
¿å¿ Høn (perca e Aþpur<e)
aichitect ['arkltekt] zipxäreiirûp
compare tkem'pea-ì
cpaBHrìBaTr,; cpaanørel
midnight ['mrdnart] roruorrË
perunnent ['pe:menant] uosroffrørrü, neø:uennmã
rcasonable ., ['ri:znebl] paryunrrü; yuepennuñ, npøeurreurrËr
simple ['sIrnpl] npocroñ
on ['te:n,'rn]
h¡¡n BxJûo.rarb
off ['tern,afl
turn BbrKJtroqarr,
temporary ['temperen] rpeuennnÉ
typical ['nPtkal]
tønr.rsuu-ä
UNIT 4
believe [br'li:v] Bqpr{rr,, ronararb
belong þt'lcq] npnna,4nexøTr,, ornocnTËcÍ (r ueuy-nu6o)
contain lkan'teIl co,{epxarb s ce6e
depend [dl'pend]
s¿trracmË
bappening ['hæparu4]
crqrvaä, co6r,rr:øe
hate lhertl
Henanrãcrb; rreHaBr{Aerb; pæ]¿. :nexorerb;
ãCTIÉITbIBATÉ HCTOBKOCI6
(meant) (ment)]
mean [mi:n øraeru B BHÃy; HaMepeBarbcrr, 3Haq]rrÉ
nccr c .L n! rlr:{¡l HyxÃaTbc8
prefer [pn'fa:] npe4rosrararr,
realise / -lize ['rrelalz] oco3naBaTÉ, roHxMarb (nmo, e òemannx)
seem [si:m] Ka3aTBcã, npeÃcraBlrrrbcÍ, BrrrlrrÃgrÉ
suppose [sa'peuz] rroJrararb, rrpeÃrroJrararl
6
UNIT 5
afford le'fcrdl 6rrrr s cocror{Hur.r, nosBonsr}, ceõe
cook [kuk] roroenTb rrørrly
die ldad yMøparb
getup [get] BsraBarb (cnorrenø)
hurt (hurt, furt) [he:t(he:t)] 6onurc, npøunrurrc õont
meal [mi:i]
ega (npueomolreHHafr nur4a; npo4ecc\
spend (spent, spent) [spend (spent)] TpaTr{rE,; rrpoBo4r.rrb (apenn)
thirst [Oe:st]
)Kaxctr¿; xa)K"qarr>
Õe tirirsty ['Os:stij xorerË frr{Tr,, racr]brrbrB¿rrb xaxÃy
tire [tala]
]/ToMrIrITb, Ha.qoeÃarb, npøcgyqgTÉ
he nred [taied.¡ õu¡r'r ycr'à¡6ru
thrc'w (threr.',', [êrau $pocarr
th.n,,,-\ lêrtt: Êr¡r¡rnÏl
\.-.:. /j
UNIT 6
arrive [e'raw]
npø6nea-rn, rrpne3xarË
bumt) (ba:nt]l
bun (bumt, [be:n xerrb, cxtøraTÉ, o6xørarr, roperb
chat t$ætl pærÒBop; pa3roBapøBar¡, 6orr¡aru
chal [Sætl
have a nû6ûiïrârÞ
flight [fla*]
roJrär, sòeca peú,c
footstep l'fLrtstep]
ruar; cneÃ
middle fmidl]
in the EoceprÃrãHe
luckily I'l^ktil
K crrasrbro
manage ['mænlù]
ynpasnflTb; cnpaBrrøTËcr; yÃanarbcr
nccessary ['neslsari]
ueo5xo¡îør,mrã, He:i:5exuülï
wave [werv]
ì{axara {pyrcoiù
wear (wore, wom) [wee (wc:, wc:n)] Hocr{Tb (oòeucòy)
.JNIT 7
accident ['æksrdent]
crryuaü; HecqacruÉrË s{yqalî
already [c:l'retli] yxe
beard [btad]
6opo¿a
expect þks'pektl
x,4aTb, olrcø,qaTb
fare [fea] rrJrara 3 rlpofiA
just '
[Sast] ' roïËKo cro
key [kitl
Krrroq
(lost) (lcst)]
lose [u:z repÍrb; npogrpblBarb
plaster ['plo:ste]
rnrrc; ruracrbrpb
post [paust]
rtoqra; orrrpaB]urrb rro noqre
result lrr'zÃt]
pesyJrbraT
smell (smelled/smelt) [smel (smeldlsmelt)] na*rym; q)BcrroBarb 3anax
UNIT 8
China ['farna] Kuraü
['mdja]
India ÞIøstø.
[bretk]
break* down crroMarbc.fl, nrrärø H3 srpor (o lr,nauue
u m.n.); pa3pyurarbcs
boring ['bc:rrq] cxyunufi
caviar ['kæuo:] pilcpa
for ages ['erdSez] pasa. ¡onrøä cpoK, rlefla.r BeqHotrb
for a long time llcsl rroJrroe BpeMf
lots of [cts] MHOTO
rnarathon ['rnær¡êmì r¡qnq¡lrns
recentþ ['ri:sntiij HCÄaBHO, HA AHf,X
since [sms] c Tex IIop, c rex rrop KaK
['s+rr,fc:] ¡rv¡!4, åv
UNIT 9
activity [æk'truti] ¿{esreJrrlnocrb
breath þreOl ,&rxaxr,re
be out ofbreath [breO] 3a¡ÞrxaTbcr, 3anbrxarbcq
connection [ka'nekfan] cBfi3b
drrty ['da:Îi] rpx:nuü
disturb [dls'to:b] 6ecnoxoørr,, Merrrarb
howlong [lc¡] KaK.qomo, cKoJrÞKo BpeÞrenr{
hur,ry ['hnri] flocnerurrocrb; Toporrr{Tbcr, crrertrHTb
Hurryup! ['h,rri'ap] Topomncr!llocropee!
sunburnt ['sanbe:nt] sarope-rrrrü
umbrella [ua'brele] 3oHTHK
wet [wet] uoxp;rü
UNIT 10
Australia [cs'trellje] Arr.rpanua
Europe ['juerep] Erpona
['ærebrk]
Arabic apa6crøü
çeiling ['sidq] nororror
champion ['fæmpjan] qeMnHoH
champiorxhip ['fæmpjanJrpl qeMrnoHar
empty ['empti] nyuroü; onoprJxËjrrb
It does not matter ['mæte] 3ro ge BalKHo; He r{Meer 3HaqeHHr;
HIIIIIêIO
repair [rr'pee] qr{rrr¿TÉ" peMoHTLIpoBaTÉ
paint [pernt] KpacKa; KpacIrrb, oKpa[rrrB¿rTr¡
save [sew] OTKJIAIÞrBATb, SKOHOMpITb
suitable ['sjutebl] uo¡xo¡ru¡øË, cooTBergrByrou¡øü
IJNIT 11
Pæis ['pæns] flapøx (cmonuqa Øpanquu)
anniversary [,ænr'va:sari] roÃosqñHa, ro6øxeÈ
awful ['c:ful] yxacnlú, nnyruarou¡r.rü crpax
collect [ka'lekt]
co6øparb, KoJrlrexr{r{ouupoBarÉ
headache ['hedeú] ro¡rosgar õorb
nospila .[,1 ,i lr--,s--L-Pl rrurl uoJIbHI4I{a
maily ['mærr] xeHHTbcÍ; Br,rxo¿(rrrb 3aMyx
bemarned ['mænd] õr,rrr xenaruru; 6rnr 3aMyxeM
smoke [smeuk] K]?nrr,
ståmp [stæmp] iloqrûBas MapKa; rrrraMn. reqarr,
.,,^^^:-^ f'r¡;-,{¡,-l ,,-ô-Ãô
wvur'uË vDéAÞv4
weather ['weðe]
rroro,qa
TINIT 12
agency ['eIftansi]
areHrsrBo; Koaropa
oollision [ke'ir5atj
crorKHoBeHHe
fine ffaml rrrrpaô;rurpa$onarr
fiow l'fiaul rrorox, crpys; TerrË, JrHTËcx
oallerr¡ l'nælrli I rârÊlìeq
i5þn4v¡kJ¡o --^.- ttlkj qepHøra
law [lc:] 3aKoH; flpaBr4no; rpaBo, ropøcrpyÃeuqnfl
larvyer ['lc:je] iopl{cr; aÄBonar
nitrogen ['naltrttfuen] a3or
oxygen ['cksrdSsn] KøcJropo.q
saucep¿m ['se:spæn] Karlprorur
tax [æks] (eoq,òapcmeeuuui) l¡aror, nounøxa, c6op
UNIT 13
ambulance ['æmbjulens] vraurøHacxopoü troMotqu
(bled) (bled)l
bleed þli:d KpoBoroqI.IrI'; IncreKarË KpoBËro
carpet ['ko:ptt] xorep
colrlposer
[kam'pouza] KoMno3r{Top
degree [dl'grir] rpâryc; þuëuan) srerelrb, sBaHr{e
invent [rn'vent] ø:o6perau, npHÃyMbIBaTb
up [ptkl
pick no.qul{Marb
play [ple¡] .nbeca
printing ['pnntrq]
rreqar6, fieqarlroe,qeJro
shave (shaved, lfew ffewd, 6pøru(ca)
shaven)
J'ervn)l
(spilt, (sptlt,
spill [spd nponranarr,(cx)
spilled) sPIld)l
temperatffe ['temprtfa] 'reMrleparypa
9