Developments in Applied Spectroscopy

492 Pages·1966·21.489 MB·English

by  Ursula M. Cowgill (auth.), L. R. Pearson, E. L. Grove (eds.)

DEVELOPMENTS
IN
APPLIED
SPECTROSCOPY
Volume 5
A Publication 0/ the Chicago Section 0/ the Society lor Applied Spectroscopy
DEVELOPMENTS
IN
APPLIED
SPECTROSCOPY
Volume 5
edited by
1. R. Pearson E. 1. Grove
Research Center Illinois Institute 0/ Technology
American Can Company Research Laboratories
Barrington, Illinois Chicago, Illinois
Proceedings of the
Sixteenth Annual Mid-America Spectroscopy Symposium
Held in Chicago, Illinois
June 14-17, 1965
PLENUM PRESS
NEW YORK
1966
Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 61-17720
ISBN 978-1-4684-8696-4 ISBN 978-1-4684-8694-0 (eBook)
DOl 10.1007/978-1-4684-8694-0
Plenum Press
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
227 West 17 Street, New York, N. Y.10011
© 1966 Chicago Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy
Softcover reprint o/the hardcover 1st edition 1966
All rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any
form without written permission from the publisher
Preface
This volume presents a collection of papers given at the
16th Mid -America Symposium on Spectroscopy held in Chicago,
June 14-17, 1965. The Mid-America Symposium is sponsored
annually by the Chicago Section of the Society for Applied
Spectroscopy in cooperation with the St. Louis, Niagara
Frontier, Cleveland, Detroit, lndianapolis, and Milwaukee
Sections of the Society and the Chicago Gas Chromatography
Discussion Group. Although we refer to this meeting as the
Mid-America Symposium, it continues to attract attendance,
interest, and inquiry from many parts of the world.
Sessions on lnfrared, Raman, Ultraviolet, Visible, Emis
sion, Flame, Atomic Absorption, Nuclear Particle, Gamma
Ray, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, X-Ray Spectroscopy, Spec
troscopy, Spectrophosphorimetry, and Gas Chromatography
provided interesting papers involving both applied and theo
retical principles.
This volume continues a series of the Proceedings initiated
in 1961 and is composed of a collection of 37 papers presented
at this meeting. It is the opinion of the Symposium Committee
that although not a complete account of the proceedings,
publication of this collection as a reference is warranted.
As editors of this volume, we wish to express our gratitude
to the authors who gave their time and effort in submitting
their manuscripts so that this volume could be published.
The Symposium Committee, L. S. Gray, W. Baer, Vivian
Biske, W. Los eki , M. S. Wang, F. Leahy, J. L. Ogilvie, B. D.
Field, T. E. Reichard, H. Szymanski, H. O'Neill, N. Armstrong,
L. C. Afremow, R. L. Terry, A. M. Palmer, L. Malter, Borghild
Pearson, W. Rivkin, S. P. McGlynn, are to be recommended
for their untiring efforts to make this meeting a success.
The efforts of our secretaries, Anne Peterson of American
Can, and Catherine Mischek of lIT Research Labs must also
be acknowledged.
v
vi PREFACE
Thanks must also be given to the exhibitors for lending
their support to the symposium.
We are also grateful to the American Can Co. and lIT
Research Labs for permission to use their time and facilities
to organize this Symposium and edit these Proceedings.
L. R. Pearson
E. L. Grove
Contents
X-Ray Spectroscopy
Use of X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy in the Chemical
Analyses of Lake Sediments, Determining
41 Elements
Ursula M. Cowgill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
X-Ray Fluorescence Emission Anaylsis of Slurries
C. R. Hudgens and G. Pish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
An X-Ray Fluorescent Method for the Determination of
Copper in Silver-Copper Alloys
A. Carnevale and A. J. Lincoln. . . • . . . . . . . . • . 31
X-Ray Fluorescent Determination of Major Constituents
in Multi-Element Matrices by the Use of
Coherent to Incoherent Scattering Ratios
Charles J. Carman. . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
An Apparatus for the Analysis of Liquid Samples by the
X-Ray Fluorescence Method with a Vacuum
Spectrograph
Frank L. Chan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Interpretation of Changes in Shape of K Emission Bands
of Light Elements with Chemical Combina
tion
J. E. Holliday. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
The Electron Microprobe and Light-Element Analysis
A. V. Manzione and D. E. Fornwalt. . . . . . . . . .. 107
The Low-Temperature K X-Ray Absorption Spectra of
Fe, FeZ03' and Fe304
C. J. Polk and W. F. Nelson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 119
Infrared-Raman and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy
Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy of Cellulose and Cel
lulose Derivatives
Robert T. O'Connor. . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 129
vii
viii CONTENTS
A Survey of Methods for Sample Preparation in Absorp
tion Spectroscopy
E. J. Truschke •.••.•.....•.......... '. 157
New Direct Spectrophotometric Determination of Alumi
num in Steel, Spelter, and Iron Ores
Uno T. Hill. • • • . • • . . . • • • . . . . . . • . . . . • .. 167
The Measurement of Infrared Emission Spectra Using
Multiple -Scan Interferometry
M. J. D. Low and 1. Coleman. . . . . . . • . . . . . .. 177
The Detection of Pesticides by Means of Infrared Emis-
sion Spectroscopy
I. ,Coleman and M. J. D. Low. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 193
Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of Solids Using Disper-
sion Instruments
M. J. D. Low and H. Inoue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Thermally Induced Aggregation of Color Centers in
Sodium Fluoride
Karl Konrad and Theodore J. Neubert. . . . . . . 217
Low-Frequency Motions of Water Molecules in Hydrated
Salts of Transition Metals
J. J. Rush, J. R. Ferraro, and A. Walker. . . . . .. 227
The Application of Spectral Data from Isotopically Subs
tituted Molecules to the Determination of
Anharmonic Potential Energy Constants
Robert R. Hart. • . . . • . . . • . . . . . • . . . . . . .. 229
Spectrophosphorimetry
Atomic Fluorescence
J. W. Robinson .............. . 255
Vibrational Structuring in Optical Activity
Oscar E. Weigang, Jr •.......... 259
NMR Spectroscopy
Analysis of Steric Conditions by NMR. The Environment
Around Phosphorus in Some of Its Esters
Victor Mark. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 285
CONTENTS ix
NMR Study of Polymers of Ethyl, Isopropyl Isobutyl, and
t-Butyl Vinyl Ethers
Kermit C. Ramey, Nathan D. Field, and Alfred E.
Borchert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 295
Emission-Flame-Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Spectrochemical Analysis of Abrasive Materials
T. S. Long . . . • . . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 307
Developments in Flame Emission and Flame Absorption
Photometry
John A. Dean. . • • . • . . . • • . . . . . . • . . . • . . .. 317
The Spectrochemical Determination of Lead in Blood by
the Residue AC Arc Method
Jack C. Wells and Robert E. Seidner. . • • . • . . .. 333
Spectrographic Analysis of Biological Materials
Isabel H. Tipton and Peggy Lou Stewart. • • . . . .. 343
Determination of Bismuth and Tellurium in Body Tissues
of Animals by Atomic Absorption Spectro
photometry
Richard E. Kinser. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 359
Some Considerations on Burners for Flame Spectroscopy
R. Mavrodineanu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 371
Ratio Determination of Antimony Trisulfide and Potas-
sium Chlorate by Atomic Absorption Spec
trophotometry
D. J. Roth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 403
Gas Chromatography
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Mixtures of
Polynuclear Compounds by Gas Chroma
tography Using a Fraction Collector
William Lijinsky and Jean Ward. . . . . . . . . . . .. 411
The Analysis of Polymers by Oxidative Degradation
R. G. Scholz, J. Bednarczyk, and T. Yamauchi. .. 423
Dual Carrier Gas Chromatography: Analysis of Samples
Containing Hydrogen
F. L. Boys. • • . . . . • • . . . . • . • • • . . • . . . . •• 429
x CONTENTS
Nuclear Particle and Gamma Ray Spectroscopy
Determination of Body Composition by Gamma Spectro
metry
Alexander P. Remenchik, M.D., RameshK. Hukkoo,
M.S., and Charles E. Miller, Ph. D. . . . .. 437
Neutron Activation Analysis of Serum
M. C. Haven and G. T. Haven. . • . • . . . • . . . . .. 459
Manganese and Copper Determinations in Body Fluids
E. L. Kanabrocki, L. F. Case, T. Fields, L.
Graham, Y. T. Oester, and E. Kaplan. . .. 471
Applications of Nuclear Spectrometry in Crime Detection
M. A. Wahlgren. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 475
Activation Analysis in Process Control Applications
Troy C. Martin, J. T. Prud'homme, and 1. L.
Morgan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 485
Current Developments in Activation Analysis
Vincent P. Guinn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 495
X-Ray Spectroscopy