Development of a Procedure to Identify Aggregates for Bituminous Surfaces in Indiana : Final Report

204 Pages·1996·4.5 MB·English

by  Bruner,  Douglas W.

SCHOOL OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING
INDIANA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
JOINT HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROJECT
FHWA/IN/JHRP-95/11
Final Report
DEVELOPMENTOFA PROCEDURETO
IDENTIFYAGGREGATES FOR BITUMINOUS
SURFACES IN INDIANA
UNIVERSITY

FinalReport
DEVELOPMENTOFAPROCEDURETO DDENTIFYAGGREGATES FOR
BITUMINOUS SURFACESIN INDIANA
FHWA/IN/JHRP-95/11
by
DouglasW. BrunerandJungChanChoi
Research Assistants
and
TerryR. West
ResearchGeologistandEngineer
JointHighwayResearchProject
ProjectNo.: C-36-6NN
FileNo.: 2-4-40
HPR-2082
Prepared incooperationwiththe
U.S. Department ofTransportation
FederalFlighwayAdministration
Thecontentsofthisreportreflecttheviewsoftheauthorswho areresponsibleforthe
factsandtheaccuracyofthedatapresented herein. Thecontentsdo notnecessarily
reflecttheofficialviewsand policiesoftheFederalHighwayAdministrationandthe
IndianaDepartment ofTransportation. Thisreport doesnot constituteastandard,
specification, orregulation.
PurdueUniversity
WestLafayette, Indiana47907
September25, 1996

1 1
TECHNICALREPORTSTANDARDTITLEPAGE
1. ReportNo. 2. GovernmentAccessionNo. 3.Recipient'sCatalogNo.
FHWA/IN/JHRP-95/1
4.TitleandSubtitle 5.ReportDate
September25,1996
DevelopmentofaProceduretoIdentifyAggregatesforBituminousSurfacesinIndiana
6. PerformingOrganizationCode
7.Authors) 8. PerformingOrganization ReportNo.
DouglasBruner,JungChanChoi,andTerryWest FHWA/IN/JHRP-95/1
9. PerformingOrganizationNameandAddress 10.WorkUnitNo.
JointHighwayResearchProject
CivilEngineeringBuilding
PurdueUniversity 11. ContractorGrantNo.
WestLafayette,Indiana 47907-1284 HPR-2082
12. SponsoringAgencyNameandAddress 13. TypeofReportandPeriodCovered
FINALREPORTt
IndianaDepartmentofTransportation January,1993toSeptember25,1996
IndianaGovernmentCenterNorth
100NorthSenateAvenue
Indianapolis,IN46204 14. SponsoringAgencyCode
IS. SupplementaryNotes
ConductedincooperationwiththeU.S.DepartmentofTransportation,FederalHighwayAdministration.
16. Abstract
Adequatefrictionresistanceisneededtopreventpavementslipperinessandtoallowvehiclestostopinareasonable
distance. Instonemasticasphaltsurfaces,frictionresistanceismainlyafunctionoftheinteractionbetweentheaggregates
exposedattheroadsurfaceandthevehicletires. Performanceoftheaggregateisreducedovertimebywearandpolishingasa
consequenceofvehiculartraffic. Inthisresearchamethodtoinvestigateaggregateperformancebasedonphysical,chemicaland
petrographicfactorshasbeenevaluated. TheobjectivewastodevelopalaboratorymethodtotestIndianadolomite,limestone,
sandstone,andgravelaggregatestopredictfieldperformance,anddeterminecausesfortherangeofvaluesamongthese
aggregates. Theassessmentofgravelsourceswasprimarilyonthebasisofindividualrocktypesandthoseproportions
comprisingthegravel. PolishandfrictionvaluesweredeterminedinthelaboratorywiththeBritishWheelandPendulum,and
fieldvalueswiththetowedfrictiontrailer. Correlationsbetweenparameterswereestablishedwhichprovidepredictionsof
frictionresistancebasedonlaboratoryspecimens. Furtherrefinementisrequiredtosetperformancespecificationsforin-situ
aggregateselection.
17. Keywords 18. DistributionStatement
bituminousoverlays,frictionresistance,texture,petrography Norestrictions. ThisdocumentisavailabletothepublicthroughtheNational
TechnicalInformationService,Virginia,22161
19. SecurityClassif.(ofthisreport) 20. SecurityClassif.(ofthispage) 21.No.ofPages 22. Price
Unclassified Unclassified 184
FormDOTF1700.7(8-69)

TABLEOFCONTENTS
Item Page
1. Introduction 1
2. LiteratureReview 8
3. Objectives 10
4. WorkPlan 12
4.1 Overview 12
4.2 Sampling 17
4.3 SieveAnalysis 17
4.4ExperimentalProcedures 19
4.4.1 PetrographicAnalysisofDolomite 19
4.4.2GrainSize 20
4.4.3 Grain Shape 20
4.4.4Groundmass 21
4.4.5VoidRatio 21
4.4.6Composition 24
4.4.6.1 MagnesiumContent 24
4.4.6.2X-RayDiffraction 24
4.4.7PolarizingMicroscope 27
4.4.8Acid-InsolubleResidueTest 28
4.4.9PhysicalPropertiesBasedonLaboratoryTesting 28
4.4.10BritishWheelProcedure 29
4.4.10.1 BritishWheelMachine 29
4.4.10.2BritishPendulumTester 33
4.4.11 TowedFrictionTrailer 35
4.4.12CoredSamples 36
5. AnalysisofData 37
5.1 PetrographicExaminationofGravelSamples 37
5.1.1 NatureofIndianaGravelDeposits 37
5.1.2 SelectionofSamplesforExamination 39
5.1.3 ExaminationofGravel 40
Item Page
5.1.4ResultsofGravel Study 40
5.2ResultsofDolomiteStudy 41
5.2.1 SieveAnalysis 43
5.2.2PetrographicAnalysis 45
5.2.2.1 Grain Size 45
5.2.2.2Grain Shape 45
5.2.2.3 GroundmassandVoidContent 47
5.2.3 Composition 47
5.2.3.1 MagnesiumContent 47
5.2.3.2X-RayDiffraction 51
5.2.3.3 Acid-InsolubleResidueTest 51
5.2.4PhysicalTests 53
5.2.4.1 SpecificGravity 53
5.2.4.2Absorption 55
.
5.2.4.3 Sodium Sulfate Soundness 55
5.2.5 Limestonevs. Sandstone 55
6. Integration ofData 59
6.1 AnalysisofDatafromGravel Study 59
6.1.1 ReliabilityofData 60
6.1.2Dolomite Sources 63
6.1.3 Limestone 65
6.1.4GravelAggregates 65
6.1.4.1 DolomiteinGravel Sources 65
6.1.4.2LimestoneinGravel Sources 67
6.1.4.3 Igneous/MetamorphicRock 69
6.1.5 Sandstone 71
6.1.6 Slag 72
6.1.7Blended sample 72
6.1.8 Core Sample 73
6.2AnalysisofDolomitePetrographyStudy 75
6.2.1 RegressionAnalysisofLaboratoryData 76
6.2.2RegressionAnalysisofFieldData 78
6.2.3 CorrelationAnalysisofFieldData 79
7. Conclusions 87
7.1 GravelandBritishWheelTesting 87
7.2DolomitePetrographic Study 87
7.3 Laboratory-FieldCorrelation 88
Item Page
8. Recommendations 89
9. ImplementationSuggestions 91
10. ReferencesCited 92
11. Appendices 97
Tables 98
AppendixA: CountandWeightofEachLithologicTypeRetained onEach
Sieve Size, andPercentageBasedonCountandWeight 132
AppendixB: GraphShowingResultsoftheBritishWheelTestforIndividual
Aggregate 147
AppendixC:ListofAbbreviations 176
IV
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