Development, Environment and Migration: Lessons for Sustainability

255 Pages·2020·1.929 MB·English

by  S. Irudaya Rajan (editor), Debabrata Baral (editor)

Development, Environment
and Migration
This book brings the discourses around social justice and sustainable
development back into focus by looking at India’s mining sector and the state’s
frameworks for economic development. The chapters in this volume analyse
mining practices in the mineral-rich areas of eastern India through various
case studies and highlight their immense human and environmental costs.
This volume critically analyses selected mining projects in India that have
resulted in large-scale displacements, impoverishment and environmental
degradation. It identifies the gaps in policy, its implementation, and the
lack of safeguards which threaten the socio-economic and ecological ways
of life and the livelihoods of the local communities. Based on documents,
reports, interviews and field observations, this book engages with the
issues surrounding the mining sector, e.g., land acquisition, land use and
degradation, the politics of compensation, policies, agitation and social
mobilisation, health and agriculture, livelihood and gender. It further
provides an assessment of local political economies and offers suggestive
frameworks for inclusive growth in this sector.
This book will be of interest to students and researchers exploring the
disciplines of development studies, sociology, law and governance, human
ecology and economics.
S. Irudaya Rajan is Professor at the Centre for Development Studies,
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. He is Editor of the two Routledge series India
Migration Report (annual) since 2010 and South Asia Migration Report
(biennial) and is the founder and Editor-in-Chief of the journal Migration
and Development.
Debabrata Baral is Assistant Professor at Bennett University. He has also
worked in research projects funded by British Academia, DFID, ICSSR.
His research aims at identifying and addressing the gaps in the idea of
development and governances. His research interests are located in the fields
of development studies, social movements and corporate social responsibility.
He has studied various aspects of the mining sector during his doctorate and
post-doctorate study at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

Development, Environment
and Migration
Lessons for Sustainability
Edited by S. Irudaya Rajan
and Debabrata Baral
First published 2020
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2020 selection and editorial matter, S. Irudaya Rajan and
Debabrata Baral; individual chapters, the contributors
The right of S. Irudaya Rajan and Debabrata Baral to be identified
as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their
individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77
and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical,
or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested
ISBN: 978-1-138-56531-9 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-04998-2 (ebk)
Typeset in Sabon
by Apex CoVantage, LLC
Dedicated to those invisible, unrepresented masses
of society who have been bearing the cost
of development projects

Contents
List of figures ix
List of tables x
List of contributors xiii
Preface xiv
Acknowledgements xvi
1 Introduction: mining sector and the idea of development:
challenges, policies and possibilities 1
S. IRUDAYA RAJAN AND DEBABRATA BARAL
PART I
Development, displacement and dispossession:
Macro Perspectives 19
2 When I listened to the voices of development communities 21
SUJIT KUMAR MISHRA
3 Coal mining-induced displacement and its impact on
human development: a study on selected tribal households
in Odisha 38
SUJATA SAHU AND R.K. KUMBHAR
4 Problems of displacement and deprivation of tribes due
to mining industrialisation in Eastern India (Orissa) 57
S.N. TRIPATHY
5 Land grabbing in tribal mineral belt of Odisha:
implications for livelihood and environment 74
RAMYA RANJAN PATEL
viii Contents
6 Gender and the mining sector: mapping the praxis of
women workforce in the mining sector 94
DEBABRATA BARAL
7 Land acquisition and development-induced displacement
in Odisha: a study on development projects
in Western Odisha 105
NARENDRA KUMAR BEHERA
PART II
Development, displacement and dispossession:
selected case studies 121
8 Development, displacement and disposession: a study
of POSCO India transit camp 123
DEBABRATA BARAL
9 Impact of displacement on social life: a case study
from Talcher Coalfield 134
SURAVEE NAYAK
10 Land acquisition for mining and social inclusion in Talcher
Coalfields of Odisha, India 155
SASWAT KISHORE MISHRA AND PULAK MISHRA
11 Development, displacement and resistance movement:
a reflection on Kalinga Nagar industrial complex 180
DINABANDHU SAHOO
PART III
Emerging policy gaps 201
12 Land rights: the penumbral region in Indian
constitutional space 203
GARIMA KIRTI
13 A review of the audit reports on land acquisition
and rehabilitation 216
HIMANSHU UPADHYAYA
Index 229
Figures
3.1 Trend of Minerals Production in Odisha from 1994–95
to 2008–09 41
3.2 Coal Production by MCL 41
3.3 Expenditure on Education 44
3.4 Expenditure on Health 45
3.5 Expenditure on Infrastructure 45
3.6 Expenditure on Water Supply 46