Table Of Content

Defects and Deterioration in Buildings 2nd edition Books by the same author Wood in Construction (1976) Construction Press, London. Wood Preservation (1978) Construction Press, London. Second edition (1993) E. & F.N.Spon, London. Remedial Treatment of Buildings (1980) Construction Press, London. Second edition (1995) Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. DEFECTS AND DETERIORATION IN BUILDINGS 2 EDITION ND Barry A.Richardson London and New York First published 1991 by E. & F.N.Spon Second edition 2001 by Spon Press 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Spon Press 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002. Spon Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group © 1991, 2001 Barry A.Richardson All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Richardson, Barry A., 1937– Defects and deterioration in buildings/Barry A.Richardson. —2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-419-25210-X (alk. paper) 1. Building failures. 2. Buildings—Protection. I. Title. TH441 .R53 2001 690´.24–dc21 00–040055 ISBN 0-419-25210-X ISBN 0-203-04274-3 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-18508-0 (Glassbook Format) To my daughters, Clare and Sue, whose new homes provided some of the examples of building defects described in this book. Contents Preface xi Preface to the First edition xiii 1 Defects and deterioration 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Legal aspects 1 1.3 Investigations 5 1.4 Reports 8 2 Structural problems 10 2.1 Introduction 10 2.2 Structural failures 10 2.3 Structural movement 12 3 Thermal problems 15 3.1 Introduction 15 3.2 Structural heat loss 16 3.3 Ventilation heat loss 30 3.4 Economic factors 31 3.5 Thermal movement 33 4 Moisture problems 35 4.1 Introduction 35 4.2 Moisture content fluctuations 35 4.3 Frost damage 42 4.4 Chemical damage 44 4.5 Metal corrosion 47 4.6 Leaks and floods 52 4.7 Condensation 56 4.8 Penetrating dampness 58 4.9 Rising dampness 61 4.10 Hygroscopic salts 61 4.11 Damp-proofing treatment 62 5 Noise problems 71 5.1 Introduction 71 5.2 Noise within buildings 73 5.3 Wind noise 75 viii Contents 5.4 Traffic noise 75 6 Wood problems 78 6.1 Introduction 78 6.2 Wood grading 78 6.3 Moisture content 81 6.4 Fungal infections 86 6.5 Insect infestations 91 6.6 Chemical damage 98 6.7 Wood preservation 98 7 Masonry problems 105 7.1 Introduction 105 7.2 Stone masonry 106 7.3 Brickwork and blockwork 109 7.4 Mortar and render 111 7.5 Cast stone masonry 113 7.6 Biological damage 115 7.7 Cleaning and treatment 117 8 Concrete problems 120 8.1 Introduction 120 8.2 Mix design 120 8.3 Carbonation 121 8.4 Aggregate 122 8.5 Reinforcement 123 8.6 Chemical damage 124 9 Coating problems 126 9.1 Introduction 126 9.2 Wood coatings 126 9.3 Metal coatings 128 9.4 Masonry coatings 129 9.5 Roof coatings 131 10 Foundation problems 133 10.1 Introduction 133 10.2 Settlement and subsidence 133 10.3 Tree root damage 134 11 Wall problems 136 11.1 Introduction 136 11.2 Masonry 136 11.3 Render, plaster and tiles 138 11.4 Timber frame 141 11.5 Wall cavities 143 11.6 Movement 144 12 Window problems 145 12.1 Introduction 145 12.2 Glazing 145 12.3 Frames 148 12.4 Patent glazing 149 12.5 Winding gear 150 Contents ix 13 Roof problems 151 13.1 Introduction 151 13.2 Roof coverings 151 13.3 Insulation 154 13.4 Pitched roofs 156 13.5 Flat roofs 157 14 Floor problems 159 14.1 Introduction 159 14.2 Solid floors 159 14.3 Suspended floors 161 15 Combustion problems 163 15.1 Introduction 163 15.2 Combustion air 163 15.3 Flue defects and deterioration 164 16 Plumbing problems 166 16.1 Introduction 166 16.2 Hard and soft water 166 16.3 Metal corrosion 167 16.4 Drains 167 17 External problems 169 17.1 Introduction 169 17.2 Trees 169 17.3 Paving and tarmacadam 169 17.4 Fencing 170 18 Health and safety problems 172 18.1 Introduction 172 18.2 Ventilation 172 18.3 Accidental fire dangers 173 18.4 Methane dangers 174 18.5 Legionnaires’ disease 176 18.6 Allergies 176 18.7 Arsenic dangers 177 18.8 Radon dangers 179 18.9 Asbestos dangers 183 18.10 Sick building syndrome 184 PLATES 187 References and further reading 199 Index 201

Description:

A professional reference designed to assist surveyors, engineers, architects and contractors in diagnosing existing problems and avoiding them in new buildings. Fully revised and updated, this edition, in new clearer format, covers developments in building defects, and problems such as sick building syndrome. Well liked for its mixture of theory and practice the new edition will complement Hinks and Cook's student textbook on defects at the practitioner level.