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Defamation in Australia PDF

486 Pages·2015·2.62 MB·English
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Defamation Law .d e v re se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .5 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Associate, Professor David Rolph. Defamation Law, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Pty Limited, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usyd/detail.action?docID=4985506. Created from usyd on 2020-08-19 00:52:11. ThomsonReuters(Professional)AustraliaLimited 19HarrisStreetPyrmontNSW2009 Tel:(02)85877000Fax:(02)85877100 [email protected] http://www.thomsonreuters.com.au Forallcustomerinquiriespleasering1300304195 (forcallswithinAustraliaonly) INTERNATIONALAGENTS&DISTRIBUTORS NORTHAMERICA ASIAPACIFIC ThomsonReuters ThomsonReuters Eagan Sydney UnitedStatesofAmerica Australia LATINAMERICA EUROPE ThomsonReuters ThomsonReuters SãoPaulo London Brazil UnitedKingdom .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .5 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Associate, Professor David Rolph. Defamation Law, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Pty Limited, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usyd/detail.action?docID=4985506. Created from usyd on 2020-08-19 00:52:11. Defamation Law DR DAVID ROLPH BA(Hons)LLB(Hons)PhD(Sydney) Associate Professor The University of Sydney Faculty of Law .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu eR LAWBOOK CO. 2016 n o sm o h T .5 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Associate, Professor David Rolph. Defamation Law, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Pty Limited, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usyd/detail.action?docID=4985506. Created from usyd on 2020-08-19 00:52:11. PublishedinSydneyby ThomsonReuters(Professional)AustraliaLimitedABN64 058914668 19HarrisStreet,Pyrmont,NSW NationalLibraryofAustralia Cataloguing-in-Publicationentry Libelandslander—Australia. Libelandslander—Lawandlegislation—Australia. Reputation(Law)—Australia. Includesindex. ISBN9780455228570 345.940256 ©2016ThomsonReuters(Professional)AustraliaLimited Thispublicationiscopyright.Otherthanforthepurposes ofandsubjecttotheconditionsprescribedunderthe CopyrightAct,nopartofitmayinanyformorbyany means(electronic,mechanical,microcopying, photocopying,recordingorotherwise)bereproduced, storedinaretrievalsystemortransmittedwithoutprior writtenpermission.Inquiriesshouldbeaddressedtothe publishers. Alllegislativematerialhereinisreproducedbypermission butdoesnotpurporttobetheofficialorauthorised version.ItissubjecttoCommonwealthofAustralia copyright.TheCopyrightAct1968permitscertain reproductionandpublicationofCommonwealth legislation.Inparticular,s182AoftheActenablesa completecopytobemadebyoronbehalfofaparticular person.Forreproductionorpublicationbeyondthat permittedbytheAct,permissionshouldbesoughtin writing. Requests should be submitted online at http:// www.ag.gov.au/cca,faxedto(02)62505989ormailedto Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney- .d General’s Department, Robert Garran Offices, National e vre Circuit,BartonACT2600. ser sthg EPrdoitdourcst:MDeevreillyonpeSrh:iPeladuslaGnydeLaraWeeks ir llA PrintedbyLigarePtyLtd,Riverwood,NSW .d Thisbookhasbeenprintedonpapercertifiedbythe e tim ProgrammefortheEndorsementofForestCertification iL ytP a (mPaEnFaCg)e.mPeEnFtCthirsocuogmhmthititreddptaortsyusftoariensatbcleertfiofriceasttionof ilartsuA rwewspwo.npseifbcl.yorgmanaged forests. For more info: http:// )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .5 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Associate, Professor David Rolph. Defamation Law, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Pty Limited, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usyd/detail.action?docID=4985506. Created from usyd on 2020-08-19 00:52:11. To JacksonWherrett .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .5 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Associate, Professor David Rolph. Defamation Law, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Pty Limited, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usyd/detail.action?docID=4985506. Created from usyd on 2020-08-19 00:52:11. .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .5 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Associate, Professor David Rolph. Defamation Law, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Pty Limited, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usyd/detail.action?docID=4985506. Created from usyd on 2020-08-19 00:52:11. Foreword There can be no doubt of the importance of defamation law, not only to the protection of reputation, but also in its effects upon freedom of speech. However, any lawyer, practising or academic, who has had to grapple with it would almost certainly agree with the observation by Dr David Rolph, in the introduction to his text, that it has a deserved reputation for being arcane, complex,technicalandobscure. DrRolphaddresseshowandwhydefamationlawhasdevelopedinthisway.Asis the case with so many areas of the common law, defamation law is best understoodbyreferencetoitshistory.Theauthorexplainsitsearlydevelopment, from multiple sources and over many centuries, and the influences which have shaped it. He points to the development of a distinctive Australian law of defamation,followingitsreceptioninthecolonies. Itmayseemcontrarytotheself-imageof Australiansas“robustandlaid­back”, the author suggests, that they might resort to an action for defamation, yet the popularityof theactioninAustraliasuggestsacertaintendernessof feelingsso farastheirreputationsareconcerned.Theactionbecamesufficientlypopularto warrant specialist lists in some courts. The management of cases in those lists mightbethought,bysome,tohavecontributedtothetechnicalitieswhichaffect this area of the law. Especially is that so with respect to pleadings which, the authorobserves,aresomethingonwhichdefamationlawappearstobefixated. Alawhavingasitssubjecttheeffectof publicationsuponaperson’sreputation cannotbecomprehendedinallitsaspectswithoutanunderstandingof theaims .de of that law. In addressing this question, the effect of defamation law upon vrese freedom of expression must be confronted. Dr Rolph’s discussion of the r sth emphasis placed by Australian law upon protection of reputation over such g ir llA freedomisilluminating. .d e tim Itmightbeexpectedthatitwillbeintheoperationof thedefencestoanaction iL ytP for defamation that these competing interests are balanced. The interest of the aila HighCourtof Australiaindefencessuchasthatof qualifiedprivilegeisevident rtsu from the number of appeals it has continued to entertain in recent years. The A )la reader will benefit from Dr Rolph’s analysis of the case law concerning the n o isse defences. fo rP ( sre Dr Rolph’s text combines both academic and practical approaches to this tu complex topic. He provides a comprehensive explanation of the theory of e R n defamation law and a guide to its many aspects in practice. The author also o smo speakswiththevoiceof alawreformer.Hepointsoutthat,despitedefamation h T .5 lawinAustralianowbeinguniform,ithasnotbeensubjectedtorealreform.The 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Associate, Professor David Rolph. Defamation Law, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Pty Limited, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usyd/detail.action?docID=4985506. Created from usyd on 2020-08-19 00:52:11. Foreword opinionsheexpressesastothestepswhichcouldbetakentosimplifythisareaof the law provide a valuable contribution to resolving what many regard as unfinishedbusiness. TheHonJusticeSusanKiefelAC HighCourtof Australia .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .5 1 0 2 © th g iryp viii o C Associate, Professor David Rolph. Defamation Law, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Pty Limited, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usyd/detail.action?docID=4985506. Created from usyd on 2020-08-19 00:52:11. Acknowledgments This book reflects over a decade of researching, teaching, thinking and writing about defamation law. As a subject for study, defamation law is endlessly fascinating, in spite of, or perhaps because of, its complexity. In the writing of thisbook,Ihavebeenfortunatetohavehadthesustainedsupportof anumber of wonderful colleagues, who have enabled or endured my enthusiasm for defamation law – Ross Anderson, Wayne Courtney, Arlie Loughnan, Elisabeth Peden,JoellenRiley,KristinSavell,GregTolhurstandKimWeatherall.Particular mention should be made of Penny Crossley, who was always available for a restorative coffee and conversation, and Jacqueline Mowbray, who has acted as mymostvaluedreader.IwouldalsoliketothankespeciallyBarbaraMcDonald, whosefriendship,mentoringandadvice,deliveredwiththeserenestylewhichis herhallmark,hasbeeninvaluabletome. In the research and writing of this book, I have been fortunate to have had the benefitof excellentresearchassistancefromJoannaConnolly,BowenFox,Sam Farrell and Alice Zhou. Tom Blackburn SC provided useful feedback on the manuscript, for which I am extremely grateful. In relation to the editing and production of the book, I would like to thank Belinda Drake, Lara Weeks, Patrick Wu and Paul Gye. Robert Wilson also deserves special thanks for his unwaveringbelief in,andcommitmentto,thisproject. Finally,andmostimportantly,Iwouldliketothankmyparents,KenandJan,my sister, Emma, and my nephews, Lincoln and Bastian, who have loved and supported me throughout this project; Simon Bensley, whose friendship, humour and intellect is indispensable to me; and Jackson Wherrett, who, more thananyoneelse,livedthroughthewritingof thisbookandtowhomthisbook .d e isdedicated. vre se r sth This book has been supported by funding from a grant from the Legal g ir llA ScholarshipSupportFund,fromthePublicPurposeFundof theLawSocietyof .d NewSouthWales.Theresearchinthisbookhasalsobeenfundedinpartunder e tim the Australian Research Council’s Discovery Projects funding scheme (project iL ytP numberDP120103538).Itstatesthelawasto15April2015.Anyerrorsremain aila myown. rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .5 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Associate, Professor David Rolph. Defamation Law, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Pty Limited, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usyd/detail.action?docID=4985506. Created from usyd on 2020-08-19 00:52:11. .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .5 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Associate, Professor David Rolph. Defamation Law, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Pty Limited, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/usyd/detail.action?docID=4985506. Created from usyd on 2020-08-19 00:52:11.

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