DATA, DATA EVERYWHERE Second Edition The latest book from best-selling author Victoria L. Bernhardtis an easy-to-read primer that describes what it takes to achieve student learning growth at every grade level, in every subject area, and with every student group. In this new edition, readers will learn how to use data to inform their continuous school improvement as they develop an appreciation of the various types of data, uses for data, and how data are involved in the process. This accessible, updated edition provides a wealth of straightforward and accessible strategies that will allow educators to become comfortable with the many uses of data in increasing student improvement. Data, Data Everywhere, Second Edition, provides a framework and summary of the continuous school improvement framework. It is a perfect resource for teachers, administrators, support staff, and students of leadership to guide comprehensive school improvement that will make a difference for all students. Victoria L. Bernhardt, Ph.D., is Executive Director of the Education for the Future Initiative and is Professor (currently on leave) in the College of Communication and Education at California State University, Chico. She is the author of over 19 books. This page intentionally left blank DATA, DATA EVERYWHERE BRINGING ALL THE DATA TOGETHER FOR CONTINUOUS SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT Second Edition VICTORIA L. BERNHARDT, Ph.D. Executive Director Education for the Future Initiative Professor College of Communication and Education California State University, Chico, CA Second edition published 2016 by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 and by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business @ 2016 Taylor & Francis The right of Victoria L. Bernhardt to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice:Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. First edition published by Routledge / Eye On Education 2008 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bernhardt, Victoria L. Data, data everywhere: bringing all the data together for continuous school improvement / by Victoria L. Bernhardt. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. School improvement programs—California—Livermore— Data processing. 2. Marylin Avenue Elementary School (Livermore, Calif.)—Data processing. I. Title. LB2822.82.B467 2009 371.2'070285–dc23 2015020597 ISBN: 978-1-138-91217-5 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-69208-1 (ebk) Typeset in Minion by Lynn Swaim v CONTENTS MEETTHEAUTHOR ....................................................... vi PREFACE .................................................................... ix 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................... 1 2 THE CONTINUOUS SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT FRAMEWORK ....... 7 3 WHOWEARE: DEMOGRAPHICDATA .................................... 17 4 HOWWE DO BUSINESS: PERCEPTIONSDATA .......................... 29 5 HOW OUR STUDENTSARE DOING: STUDENTLEARNINGDATA ..... 37 6 WHAT OUR PROCESSESARE: SCHOOLPROCESSESDATA .............. 43 7 HOWWE GOTTOWHEREWEARE: LOOKINGACROSSALL OFTHEDATA ............................................. 49 8 WHAT ISWORKINGANDWHAT IS NOTWORKING: DELVING DEEPERINTOTHEDATA .............................................. 57 9 WHEREWEWANTTO GO: CREATINGASHAREDVISION .............. 69 10 HOWWE CAN GETTOWHEREWEWANTTO BE: IMPLEMENTINGTHESHAREDVISION................................. 79 11 STRATEGIES FORTEACHERS: USINGDATATOIMPROVE TEACHINGANDLEARNING .......................................... 87 12 AREWE MAKINGA DIFFERENCE?: EVALUATINGOUREFFORTSAND MOVINGTOWARDBECOMINGALEARNINGORGANIZATION........ 95 REFERENCESAND RESOURCES ......................................... 105 INDEX ...................................................................... 113 vi MEET THE AUTHOR Victoria L. Bernhardt, Ph.D., is Executive Director of the Education for the Future Initiative, a not-for-profit organization whose mission is to build the capacity of all learning organizations to gather, analyze, and use data to continuously improve learning for all students. She is also a Professor (currently on leave) in the College of Communication and Education, at California State University, Chico. Dr. Bernhardt is the author, and co- author, of the following books: u Hooper, M.A. & Bernhardt, V.L. (Forthcoming 2016). Creating capacity for learning and equity in schools: Instructional, adaptive, and transformational leadership.New York, NY: Routledge. u Tibbals, C.Z. & Bernhardt, V.L. (2015). Shifting to common core literacy: Reconceptualizing how we teach and lead.Bloomington, IN: Solution Tree. u Bernhardt, V.L. (2013). Data analysis for continuous school improvement. Third Edition. New York, NY: Routledge. (First Edition, 1998; Second Edition, 2004.) u Bernhardt, V.L. & Hébert, C.L. (2011). Response to intervention (RtI) and continuous school improvement (CSI): Using data, vision, and leadership to design, implement, and evaluate a schoolwide prevention system. New York, NY: Routledge. u Bernhardt, V.L. (2009). Data, data everywhere: Bringing all the data together for continuous school improvement. New York, NY: Routledge. u Bernhardt, V.L. & Geise, B.J. (2009). From questions to actions: Using questionnaire data for continuous improvement. New York, NY: Routledge. u Bernhardt, V.L. (2007). Translating data into information to improve teaching and learning. New York, NY: Routledge. u Bernhardt, V.L. (2006). Using data to improve student learning in school districts. New York, NY: Routledge. MEET THE AUTHOR vii u Bernhardt, V.L. (2005). Using data to improve student learning in high schools. New York, NY: Routledge. u Bernhardt, V.L. (2004). Using data to improve student learning in middle schools. New York, NY: Routledge. u Bernhardt, V.L. (2003). Using data to improve student learning in elementary schools. New York, NY: Routledge. u Bernhardt, V.L. (2002). The school portfolio toolkit: A planning, implementation, and evaluation guide for continuous school improvement. Larchmont, NY: Eye on Education, Inc. u Bernhardt, V.L. (2000). Designing and using databases for school improvement. Larchmont, NY: Eye on Education, Inc. u Bernhardt, V.L., von Blanckensee, L., Lauck, M., Rebello, F., Bonilla, G., & Tribbey, M. (2000). The school portfolio: A comprehensive framework for school improvement. Second Edition. Larchmont, NY: Eye on Education, Inc. (First Edition, 1994.) u Bernhardt, V.L. (1999). The school portfolio: A comprehensive framework for school improvement. Second Edition. Larchmont, NY: Eye on Education, Inc. (First Edition, 1994.) Dr. Bernhardt is passionate about her mission of helping all educators continuously improve student learning in their classrooms, their schools, their districts, states, and provinces by gathering, analyzing, and using actual data—as opposed to using hunches and “gut-level” feelings. She conducts workshops on comprehensive data analysis, and continuous school improvement, and consults with learning organizations at local, state, regional, national, and international levels. Dr. Bernhardt can be reached at: Victoria L. Bernhardt, Ph.D. Executive Director Education for the Future Initiative 400 West First Street, Chico, CA 95929-0230 Tel: 530-898-4482 — Fax: 530-898-4484 e-mail: [email protected] website: http://eff.csuchico.edu This page intentionally left blank ix PREFACE In 2013, Data Analysis for Continuous School Improvement (Bernhardt, 2013) was published. Readers have told me they love the 400-page book (now in its third edition) because of its comprehensiveness. Everything they need to know and do with respect to Data Analysis and Continuous School Improvement is in that book, including examples and process protocols. They tell me the book is great for school, district, and state level Leadership Teams and administrators to guide schoolwide improvement. These readers asked if I could provide a synopsis of the Data Analysis for Continuous School Improvement book in 100 pages that they could read with staff. They want to use this book as a comprehensive “handout,” so staff have the framework they need, with a summary backup of the main concepts. Data, Data Everywhereis that little data book that contains the essentials for using data to improve teaching and learning. Not only is this book an invaluable resource for practicing leaders, but it is also useful for Graduate Schools of Education, in particular, Leadership Programs. There is so much to cover in the Leadership Programs and there is so much required reading that professors often chose Data, Data Everywhereas the book to introduce students to schoolwide Data Analysis and Continuous School Improvement. Professors like the framework; students like that the book is easy to read. They tend to want more information after reading the book. It is perfect for an overview course and encourages the candidates to go deeper in their data course. WHAT IS NEW IN THIS EDITION It is now time to update Data, Data Everywhere,especially after seeing how the first edition has been received and used. While the purpose of this second edition of Data, Data Everywhere is the same as the first edition, the second edition is a total rewrite of the first edition. The first edition was written around a case study. The second edition focuses on comprehensive