Data Acquisition Techniques Using PCs, Second Edition

429 Pages·2002·18.22 MB·English

by  Howard Austerlitz

Data Acquisition
Tecliniques Using PCs
Second Edition
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Data Acquisition
Tecliniques Using PCs
Second Edition
Howard Austerlitz
Parker Hannifin Corporation
Parl<er Aerospace
Electronic Systems Division
Smittitown, New Yorl<
ACADEMIC
PRESS
An imprint of Elsevier Science
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Copyright 2003, 1991, Elsevier Science (USA).
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Library of Congress Control Number: 2002107710
International Standard Book Number: 0-12-068377-6
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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This book is dedicated to my wife, Kiel,
whose guidance and understanding
continue to make it all possible
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Contents
Preface to the Second Edition xi
1
CHAPTER
Introduction to Data Acquisition
CHAPTER
Analog Signal Transducers.
2.1 Temperature Sensors 7
2.2 Optical Sensors 8
2.3 Force and Pressure Transducers 13
2.4 Magnetic Field Sensors 16
2.5 Ionizing Radiation Sensors 18
2.6 Position (Displacement) Sensors 19
2.7 Humidity Sensors 22
2.8 Fluid Flow Sensors 23
2.9 Fiber Optic Sensors 24
2.10 Other New Sensor Technologies 26
CHAPTER
Analog Signal Conditioning
3.1 Signal Conditioning Techniques 29
3.2 Analog Circuit Components 30
3.3 Analog Conditioning Circuits 37
VII
viii Contents
CHAPTER'
Analog/Digital Conversions
4.1 Digital Quantities 51
4.2 Data Conversion and DACs 55
4.3 ADCs 62
CHAPTER'
The PC
5.1 IBM PC/XT/AT and Compatible Computers 80
5.2 The IBM PC/XT 81
5.3 The IBM PC/AT 89
5.4 BIOS 93
5.5 PCI and Other Local Buses 95
5.6 PC Peripherals 102
CHAPTER I
Interfacing Hardware to a PC Bus
6.1 I/O Data Transfers 108
6.2 Memory Data Transfers 110
6.3 A Simple, 8-Bit I/O Port Design 111
6.4 DMA 115
6.5 Wait State Generation 115
6.6 Analog Input Card Design 117
6.7 16-Bit Data Transfers on ISA Computers 118
6.8 Plug and Play 120
6.9 Interfacing to the PCI Bus 121
CHAPTER
Interfacing Software to the PC
7.1 DOS-Based PC Software Layers 123
7.2 Software Interrupts 125
7.3 Polled versus Interrupt-Driven Software 128
7.4 Special DOS Programs 132
7.5 DOS 133
7.6 Overcoming DOS Memory Limitations 135
7.7 Protected-Mode Operating Systems 137
Contents ix
CHAPTER 8
Standard Hardware Interfaces
8.1 Parallel versus Serial Digital Interfaces 142
8.2 Parallel Interfaces 144
8.3 Standard Serial Interfaces 163
8.4 PC Networks 184
CHAPTER
Data Storage and Compression Techniques
9.1 DOS Disk Structure and Files 191
9.2 Common DOS File Types 195
9.3 Windows File Systems 199
9.4 Data Compression Techniques 202
9.5 Commercial Data Compression Software 221
CHAPTER 10
Data Processing and Analysis
10.1 Numerical Representation 222
10.2 Data Analysis Techniques 229
CHAPTER 11
Commercial Data Acquisition Products
1L1 Commercial Data Acquisition Hardware Products 252
11.2 Commercial Data Acquisition Software Products 277
11.3 How to Choose Conmiercial Data Acquisition
Products 302
12
CHAPTER
Otiier PC Configurations and Hardware
for Data Acquisition
12.1 Alternative PC Architectures and Processors 304
12.2 Notebook PCs and PCMCIA Cards 312
12.3 Industrial and Embedded PCs 314
12.4 Image Capture Products 322