Dark Ages and Nomads c. 1000 BC

102 Pages·2014·6.08 MB·English

PIHANS • XVIII
Dark Ages and Nomads c. 1000 B.C.
Studies in Iranian and Anatolian Archaeology
By
R. Ghirshman, Edith Porada, R.H. Dyson Jr., J. Tembach, R.S. Young,
Ellen L. Kohler and Machteld J. Mellink (editor)
Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten
Leiden
1964
UITGAVEN V AN HET
NEDERLANDS HISTORISCH-ARCHAEOLOGISCH INSTITUUT TE ISTANBUL
Publications de l'lnstitut historique et archeologique neerlandais de Stamboul
sous la direction de
A. A. CENSE et A. A. KAMPMAN
XVIII
DARK AGES AND NOMADS c.lOOO B. C.
Studies in Iranian and Anatolian Archaeology

DARK AGES AND NOMADS c. 1ooo B.C.
STUDIES IN IRANIAN AND ANATOLIAN ARCHAEOLOGY
BY
R. Ghirshman, Edith Porada, R. H. DysonJr., J. Tembach, R. S. Young,
Ellen L. Kohler and Machteld J. Mellink (editor)
.
ISTANBUL
NEDERLANDS HISTORISCH-ARCHAEOLOGISCH INSTITUUT
1964
Copyright 1964 by
Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut in het Nabije Oosten
Noordeindsplein 4-6, Leiden
Al! rights reserved, including the right to translate or
to reproduce this book or parts thereof in any form
Printed in the Netherlands
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of plates
Figures in text
I. Machteld J. Mellink, Introduction 1
II. Roman Ghirshman, Invasions des nomades sur le Plateau Iranien aux
premiers siecles du Ier millenaire avant J.~C. 3
III. Edith Porada, Nomads and Luristan Bronzes: Methods proposed
for a Classification of the Bronzes (Plates I-VIII) 9
IV. Robert H. Dyson, Jr., Notes onW eapons and Chronology in North~
em Iran around 1000 B.C. (Plates IX-XI) . 32
V. Joseph Tembach, Technical Aspects of the Herzfeld Bent Iron
Dagger of Luristan (Plates XII-XIII) . 46
VI. Rodney S. Young,TheNomadicimpact: Gordion (Plates XIV-XVI) 52
VII. Ellen L. Kohler, Phrygian Animal Style and Nomadic Art (Plates
XVII-XX) 58
VIII. Machteld J. Mellink, Postscript on Nomadic Art . 63
LIST OF PLATES
Abbreviations: D: Diameter, H: Height, W: Width, L: Length. Measurements
are given in cm.
Plate I
1. Impression of cylinder seal from Surkh Dum, Metropolitan Museum of Art,
43.102.33. Burnt steatite. H: 4.3, D: 2.2.
2. Impression of sheet ring said to come from Luristan, City Museum of St. Louis,
229 :55, formerly Collection J. Lionberger Davis. Bronze. Outer D: 2.959-
2.963, inner D: 2.4 71-2.590, maximal H (front): 2.4 28, minimal H (back): 1.2 74 .
3. Impression of sheet ring, Collection N. Heeramaneck. Bronze. Outer D: 2.6,
inner D: c. 2.35, H (front): 1.5, H (back): 0. 78.
4. Sheet ring in private collection. Bronze. Outer D: 3.3, inner D: c. 2.9, H (front):
2.9, H (back): 1 . 1.
Plate II
1. Lobed ring, Collection N. Heeramaneck. Bronze. Outer D: 2.15, inner D: c.1.8,
H (front): 3.15, H (back): 0.95.
2. Lobed ring, with ends in back folded, not soldered, Collection N. Heeramaneck.
D: 2.00, H (front): 1.75, H (back): 0.45.
3. Ring with oval bezel soldered to hoop, Rosicrucian Oriental Museum. Bronze.
Bezel: 1.8 x 1.6. Hoop, outer D: 2.9, inner D: 2.4.
4. Ring with pointed oval bezel, Collection N. Heeramaneck. Bronze. Bezel: 2.2 x
1.2. Hoop: D: 2.3.
5. Cylinder seal from Tepe Giyan, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 56.81.43, for~
merly Herzfeld Collection. Frit, H: 2.2, D: 1.1.
Plate III
1. Goat standard, reproduced from H. A. Potratz, Die Stangen~Aufsatze in der
Luristankunst, Jahrbuch fur Kleinasiatische Forschung Ill, Ankara, 1955, PL II, 3.
2. Standard with felines, University Museum, Philadelphia, 30-38-2. Publication:
L. Legrain, Luristan Bronzes in the University Museum, Philadelphia, 1934, PI. I : 3.
3. Standard with felines, Boston Museum of Fine Arts. Publication: Survey,
PI. 44 D.
4. Human :figure with felines, standard, Collection N. Heeramaneck. H. of :figure
between felines: c. 10.7, greatest W: c. 5.8.
PlateN
1. Standard with cocks and griffins(?), Collection Natasha Rambova. H: c. 20.
LIST OF PLATES IX
Plate V
1. Pin with goats flanking a tree, Collection Natasha Rambova. H: c. 17.5.
2. Wand, Collection Natasha Rambova. H: c. 7 .4, W: c. 6.
3. Impression of stamp seal, plaque, only one engraved face shown. Collection
N. Heeramaneck. Black steatite. L: 4.25, greatest W: 3.35, greatest H: 1.0.
4. Impression of stamp seal, hemispheroid, Collection N. Heeramaneck. Dark red
steatite. D: 4.95, H: 1.85.
Plate VI
1. Horse bit reproduced from A. Godard, Les Bronzes du Luristan. Ars Asiatica
XVII, Paris, 1931, PI. XL, 166 and 166 b.
2. Framed cheek piece showing elaborate coiling, Boston Museum of Fine Arts.
Publication: Survey, PI. 28 B.
Plate VII
1. Cheek piece with ram, University Museum, Philadelphia, 30-38-44. Publica~
tion: L. Legrain, Luristan Bronzes in the University Museum, PI. XIX, 54.
2. Cheek piece with horse. Waiters Art Gallery, Baltimore, 54.122. H: 8, L: 10.9.
Plate VIII
1. Rein ring topped by goats and tree. British Museum. Publication, British Mu~
seum Quarterly VI, 1931-32, PI. XV a opp. p. 33; also Survey PI. 26 C.
Plate IX
Daggers from western and northern Iran in the collection of the University Mu
seum, Philadelphia.
1. Hasanlu 57-149, period V. (Univ. Mus. 58-4-11).
2. Hasanlu 58-203, period IV (Univ. Mus. 59-4-112).
3. Univ. Mus. 41-21-9, purchased.
4. Univ. Mus. 58-3-2, purchased.
5. Univ. Mus. 32-41-193, purchased.
Plate X
1. Detail of the Hasanlu Bowl showing the dagger with the closed~crescent.
Plate XI
1. Detail of the bronze dagger in Plate 9, Fig. 3 showing the chased guilloche along
the grip (Univ. Mus. 41-21-9).
X DARK AGES AND NOMADS
2. Detail of the wire wrapping and chased pattern on the gold foil grip of an iron
dagger from Hasanlu IV. Hasanlu 58--471 (Teheran Museum 10669).
Plate XII
la. Bent iron dagger of Luristan.
lb. Bent iron dagger, showing bent areas. Opposite view from Fig. Sa.
Plate XIII
Seven daggers from Luristan.
1. Length 43.5 cm., Weight 628 gm.
2. , 17. cm., , 442 gm.
3. , 35.5 cm., , 303 gm.
4. , 42.5 cm., , 640 gm.
5. , 43. cm., , 511 gm.
6. , 44. cm., , 685 gm.
7. , 51.5 cm., , 1521 gm.
Plate XN
1. Painted jug from Tumulus Pea. 700 B.C. H: 30 cm., D: mouth 17.5 cm.
(Gordion 3893 P 1408).
Plate XV
1. Side,spouted painted jar from Tumulus W, ea. 700 B.C. H: to rim 8.1 cm.,
to handle 11 cm. Length of spout from bridge 13.8 cm. (Gordion 6082 P 2283).
2. Bronze side,spouted jar from Tumulus W, ea. 700 B.C. H: to rim 11.5 cm.,
to handle 15.7 cm., Max. diam. 12.3 cm. (Gordion 6102 B 1244).
Plate XVI
1. Horse burials on roof of wooden burial chamber, seventh century B.C.
Plate XVII
1. Wooden group of lion and bull from Tumulus P. H: 6.8 cm., L: 10.5 cm.,
W: 2.6 cm. (Gordion 4036 W 8).
2. Wooden lion from Tumulus P. H: 7.5 cm., L: 9.7 cm., W: 3.2 cm. (Gordion
4030 w 2)
LIST OF PLATES XI
Plate XVIII
1. Wooden animal with concentric circle design from Tumulus P. H: 6.4 cm.,
L: 8.6 cm., W. 3.7 cm. (Gordion 4029 W 1).
2. Bronze horse from model quadriga from Tumulus P. H: 4.7 cm., L: 5 cm.
(Gordion 4385 B 738).
Plate XIX
1. Wooden griffin eating its prey from Tumulus P. H: 6.6 cm, L: 9 cm., W: 3 cm.
(Gordion 4034 W 6).
2. Ivory plaque, furniture inlay. Griffin eating a :fish from pre~Kimmerian level of
City Mound. H: 4.6 cm., W: 5.1 cm., Th: .95 cm. (Gordion 5801 BI 332).
Plate XX
1. Ivory plaque, furniture inlay. Doe with reversed head from pre~Kimmerian level
of City Mound. H: 4.6 cm., W: 4.9 cm., Th: 1 cm. (Gordion 5803 BI 334).
2. Ivory plaque, furniture inlay. Horseman, from pre~Kimmerian level of City
Mound. H: 4.6 cm., W: 4.8 cm., Th: .9 cm. (Gordion 5802 BI 333).