Current Trends in Child Second Language Acquisition Language Acquisition and Language Disorders (LALD) Volumes in this series provide a forum for research contributing to theories of language acquisition (first and second, child and adult), language learnability, language attrition and language disorders. Editor Harald Clahsen Lydia White University of Essex McGill University Editorial Board Melissa F. Bowerman Luigi Rizzi Max Planck Institut für Psycholinguistik, University of Siena Nijmegen Bonnie D. Schwartz Katherine Demuth University of Hawaii at Manoa Brown University Antonella Sorace Wolfgang U. Dressler University of Edinburgh Universität Wien Karin Stromswold Nina Hyams Rutgers University University of California at Los Angeles Jürgen Weissenborn Jürgen M. Meisel Universität Potsdam Universität Hamburg Frank Wijnen William O’Grady Utrecht University University of Hawaii Mabel Rice University of Kansas Volume 46 Current Trends in Child Second Language Acquisition. A generative perspective Edited by Belma Haznedar and Elena Gavruseva Current Trends in Child Second Language Acquisition A generative perspective Edited by Belma Haznedar Bog˘aziçi University Elena Gavruseva University of Iowa John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam / Philadelphia TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of 8 American National Standard for Information Sciences – Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Current trends in child second language acquisition : a generative perspective / edited by Belma Haznedar, Elena Gavruseva. p. cm. (Language Acquisition and Language Disorders, issn 0925-0123 ; v. 46) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Second language acquisition. I. Haznedar, Belma. II. Gavruseva, Elena. P118.2.C868 2008 418--dc22 2008010424 isbn 978 90 272 5307 1 (Hb; alk. paper) © 2008 – John Benjamins B.V. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher. John Benjamins Publishing Co. · P.O. Box 36224 · 1020 me Amsterdam · The Netherlands John Benjamins North America · P.O. Box 27519 · Philadelphia pa 19118-0519 · usa Table of contents Part I. Introduction Recent perspectives in child second language acquisition 3 Belma Haznedar and Elena Gavruseva Progressive aspect in child L2-English 17 Tania Ionin Child second language acquisition or successive first language acquisition? 55 Jürgen M. Meisel Part II. The acquisition of D-elements Misrepresentation of Dutch neuter gender in older bilingual children? 83 Susanne Brouwer, Leonie Cornips and Aafke Hulk Comparing child and adult L2 acquisition of the Greek DP: Effects of age and construction 97 Vicky Chondrogianni Part III. Morphological variability The development of copula and auxiliary be and overgeneration of be in child L2 English 145 Elena Gavruseva Truncation in child L2 acquisition: Evidence from verbless utterances 177 Philippe Prévost The status of subjects in early child L2 English 209 Mohsen Mobaraki, Anne Vainikka and Martha Young-Scholten vi Current Trends in Child Second Language Acquisition The morphology/syntax interface in child L2 acquisition: Evidence from verbal morphology 237 Vasfiye Geçkin and Belma Haznedar Part IV. Comparisons of child L1, child L2 and adult L2 Testing the Domain-by-Age Model: Inflection and placement of Dutch verbs 271 Elma Blom Comparing child L2 development with adult L2 development: How to measure L2 proficiency 301 Sharon Unsworth Part V. Typical vs. atypical child L2 acquisition Tense as a clinical marker in English L2 acquisition with language delay/impairment 337 Johanne Paradis Index 357 part i Introduction Recent perspectives in child second language acquisition Belma Haznedar and Elena Gavruseva 1. Recent perspectives in child second language acquisition This volume presents recent generative research on the nature of grammars de- veloped by child second language learners. In generative literature, this learner population is known as successive bilinguals who have acquired the basic funda- mentals of their native language (L1) and who are exposed to a second language (L2) between the ages of 4 to 8. The main goal of the collected works here is to define child L2 acquisition (cL2A) in relation to other types of acquisition such as child first monolingual and bilingual acquisition (cL1 and 2L1), adult second language acquisition (aL2), and specific language impairment (SLI). This com- parative perspective should be able to open up new angles for the discussion of currently debated issues such as the role of Universal Grammar (UG) in cons- training development, developmental sequences, maturational influences on the ‘growth’ of grammar, critical period effects for different linguistic domains, initial state and ultimate attainment in relation to length of exposure, L1-transfer in rela- tion to age of onset, among many others. The implications of cL2A for increasing our understanding of these issues are of growing importance as some researchers place cL2A closer to cL1 and others place it closer to aL2 (see an overview of the contents and the articles below). Over the past two decades, child L2 research has undergone significant shifts in focus, with earlier studies addressing primarily the descriptive facts regard- ing developmental universals, L2 developmental stages (e.g. negation, wh-ques- tions), rate of development, and individual differences (see e.g. Cancino, Rosan- sky & Schumann 1974, 1978; Cazden, Cancino, Rosansky & Schumann 1975; Dulay & Burt 1974; Hakuta 1974, 1976; Milon 1974; Ravem 1978; Wode 1977; Wagner-Gough 1975) and later studies addressing the issues of parameter-setting,