Critical Content Analysis of Visual Images in Books for Young People: Reading Images PDF
Preview Critical Content Analysis of Visual Images in Books for Young People: Reading Images
CRITICAL CONTENT ANALYSIS OF VISUAL IMAGES IN BOOKS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE Extending the discussion of critical content analysis to the visual realm of picture- books and graphic novels, this book provides a clear research methodology for understanding and analyzing visual imagery. Offering strategies for “reading” illus- trations in global and multicultural literature, chapter authors explore and bring togethercriticaltheoryandsocialsemioticswhiledemonstratinghowvisualanalysis can be used to uncover and analyze power, ideologies, inequity, and resistance in picturebooks and graphic novels. This volume covers a diverse range of texts and types of books and offers tools and procedures for interpreting visual images to enhance the understandings of researchers, teachers, and students as they engage with the visual culture that fills our world. These methods are significant not only to becoming a critical reader of literature but to also to becoming a critical reader of visual images in everyday life. Holly Johnson is a professor at the University of Cincinnati, USA. Janelle Mathis is a professor at the University of North Texas, USA. Kathy G. Short is a professor at the University of Arizona, USA. CRITICAL CONTENT ANALYSIS OF VISUAL IMAGES IN BOOKS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE Reading Images Edited by Holly Johnson, Janelle Mathis and Kathy G. Short Firstpublished2019 byRoutledge 52VanderbiltAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 andbyRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©2019Taylor&Francis TherightofHollyJohnson,JanelleMathisandKathyG.Short tobeidentified astheauthorsoftheeditorialmaterial,andoftheauthorsfortheirindividual chapters,hasbeenassertedinaccordancewithsections77and78ofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedor utilizedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,now knownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinany informationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthe publishers. Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksorregistered trademarks,andareusedonlyforidentificationandexplanationwithoutintent toinfringe. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Acatalogrecordforthistitlehasbeenrequested ISBN:978-1-138-38705-8(hbk) ISBN:978-1-138-38706-5(pbk) ISBN:978-0-429-42646-9(ebk) TypesetinBembo byTaylor&FrancisBooks CONTENTS PARTI Research Methodology and Analytical Tools 1 1 Critical Content Analysis of Visual Images 3 Kathy G. Short with the Worlds of Words Community Our Inquiry into Critical Content Analysis 3 Connections between Content Analysis and Critical Content Analysis 4 Analysis of Visual Images 6 Critical Content Analysis of Visual Images as a Research Methodology 9 Final Reflections 19 Overview of the Book 20 2 Image Analysis Using Systemic-Functional Semiotics 23 Clare Painter Key Principles of Systemic-Functional Semiotics (SFS) 25 An Overview of Visual Meaning Systems 28 Final Reflections 35 vi Contents PARTII Visual Images in Counter-Narratives 39 3 Drawing Humanity: How Picturebook Illustrations Counter Antiblackness 41 Desiree Cueto and Wanda M. Brooks Theoretical Frameworks 42 Related Research 43 Methodology 44 Text Selection 44 Positionality 46 Data Analysis 46 Coding 47 Common Humanity—The Use of Social Distance, Proximity, Attitude, and Orientation 48 Imagining the Unimaginable—The Use of Focalization, Pathos and Affect, and Ambience 53 Implications 56 Final Reflections 56 4 Examining the Visual in Latinx Immigrant Journey Picturebooks 59 Janine M. Schall, Julia López-Robertson and Jeanne G. Fain Sociohistorical and Cultural Aspects of Immigration 59 Critical Race Theory and LatCrit as a Theoretical Framework and Tool of Analysis 60 Literature Review 62 Methodology 63 Data Analysis 66 Themes across the Immigrant Journey Books 68 Discussion 72 Final Reflections 74 5 A Visual Analysis through the Eyes of an Apache 77 Angeline P. Hoffman The Sociocultural Context of Oral Traditions 78 Related Research 79 Theoretical Frame of Decolonization 79 Research Methodology 80 Contents vii Symbolism through Culture 85 Cultural Visual Style Increases Understandings of the Characters 90 Final Reflections 91 6 Developing Agency and Socialization through Interpretive Play 95 Janelle Mathis Luche Libre 97 Theoretical Frame 97 Methodology 98 Findings from Visual Analysis 100 Final Reflections 106 PARTIII Visual Images and Positioning 109 7 The Power of a Gaze: Inviting Entrée into the World of a Picturebook while Positioning a Lived Reality 111 Holly Johnson Purpose of the Research 111 Theoretical Frames 112 Connecting to Relevant Literature 114 Methodology 115 Themes of the Gaze or Lack Thereof 118 The Gaze Invites and Empowers 120 Discussion of Power in a Character’s Gaze 127 Final Reflections 130 8 De(MIST)ifying Depression: Dark Clouds and the Construction of Disability 136 Desiree Cueto, Susan Corapi and Megan McCaffrey Theoretical Frame of Critical Disability Studies 137 Related Research 138 Methodology 138 Text Selection 139 Data Analysis 141 Dark Clouds as Markers of Difference 141 Dark Clouds as Signs of Inaccessibility 145 Dark Clouds as Symbolic Journeys 147 Final Reflections 149 viii Contents 9 Grandma and the Great Gourd: A Comparison of Images in an App and a Picturebook 152 Deanna Day Theoretical Framework of Critical Multicultural Analysis 153 Literature Review 154 Text Selection 154 Research Methodology 156 Findings 157 Discussion 166 Final Reflections 167 PARTIV Visual Images and Ideologies 171 10 Holy Molé! and the Reproduction of a Colonialist Perspective 173 Carmen M. Martínez-Roldán and Denise Dávila Socio-historical and Cultural Aspects of the Context 174 Theoretical Framework 175 Methodology 177 Findings and Discussion 179 Final Reflections 187 11 Postwar Images: Japanese Ideologies of National Identity in Picturebooks 190 Junko Sakoi and Yoo Kyung Sung Japan’s Colonial History and Nationalism 190 Theoretical Frameworks 192 World War II in Children’s Books 193 Postcolonial Studies on National Ideologies 194 Methodology 195 Japanese Nationalism as Victimhood 197 Discussion and Implications 203 Final Reflections 204 12 Immigrant Memoirs as Reflections of Time and Place: Middle Eastern Conflict in Graphic Novels 208 Seemi Aziz Theoretical Frame 209 Methodology 209 Contents ix Socio-Historical and Cultural Aspects of the Text Settings 212 Portrayals of Lives in the Middle East 214 Perceptions of Othering through Hybrid Identity Formation 220 Discussion 223 Final Reflections 224 13 The De-queering of Heather Has Two Mommies 227 Mary L. Fahrenbruck and Tabitha Parry Collins Sociohistorical Context of Heather Has Two Mommies 228 Queer Theories Framework 230 Methodology 233 Findings 235 Final Reflections 241 14 A Picturebook as a Cultural Artifact: The Influence of Embedded Ideologies 245 Hee Young Kim and Kathy G. Short Critical Discourse Analysis as a Theoretical Framework 246 Critical Content Analysis as Methodology 248 Social Context and Social Structure 249 Social Discourses around the Conflicts in LA 252 Ideological Complex 261 Final Reflections 262 PARTV Final Reflections 265 267 15 Extending a Critical Lens into Our Classrooms Kathy G. Short with the Worlds of Words Community Critical Theory as a Frame for Our Teaching 268 Sociohistorical and Cultural Explorations as Context 271 Analytical Tools as Critical Reading Strategies 272 Final Reflections 274 Contributors 277 Index 281
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