Cree and Christian: Encounters and Transformations

391 Pages·2022·6.805 MB·English

by  Clinton N. Westman

Cree and Christian
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Cree and Christian
ENCOUNTERS AND TRANSFORMATIONS
CLINTON N. WESTMAN
University of Nebraska Press
Lincoln
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12 © 2022 by the Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska
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Acknowledgments for the use of previously published material
14 appear on pages 305–6, which constitute an extension of the copy-
right page.
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All rights reserved
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Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data
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Names: Westman, Clinton, 1971– author.
19 Title: Cree and Christian: encounters and transformations /
Clinton N. Westman.
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Description: Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, [2022] |
21 Includes bibliographical references and index.
22 Identifiers: lccn 2020053052
isbn 9781496211842 (hardback)
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isbn 9781496228529 (epub)
24 isbn 9781496228536 (pdf)
Subjects: lcsh: Pentecostal churches— Alberta. |
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Pentecostalism— Alberta. | Cree Indians— Alberta— Religion. |
26 Métis— Alberta— Religion.
Classification: lcc bx8762.a43 a438 2022 | ddc
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289.9/408997323071232— dc23
28 lc record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020053052
29 Set in Minion Pro by Laura Buis.
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This book is dedicated to the memory of my grandparents:
Alberta Elizabeth Knox (Hughson)
Norman Stuart Knox
Cornelius Westman
Laura Elizabeth Westman (Eaton)
. . . I think you would have liked this.
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12 Farther along, we’ll understand why . . .
13 — W. B. Stevens, Farther Along
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Contents
List of Illustrations . . ix
Preface: Ethnography in Cree Christian Communities . . xi
Introduction: Understanding Cree Christian Culture . . 1
1. Speech, Narrative, Genre, and Translation in Cree
Christianity . . 53
2. Early Encounters with Catholic and Anglican Missionaries
in the Trout Lakes Region . . 89
3. Postwar Missions, Christian Villages, and the Advent of
Pentecostalism . . 137
4. Politics and Pragmatics of Religious Pluralism . . 183
5. Ritual Discourse and Practice in Cree Pentecostal
Congregations . . 231
Conclusion: The Transformative Continuities of Cree
Pentecostalism . . 275
Acknowledgments . . 297
Source Acknowledgments . . 305
Notes . . 307
References . . 315
Index . . 331
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Illustrations
Photographs
1. Mural at the Trout Lake store and post office, 2005 . . xvii
2. A revival stage graces a yard at Trout Lake, 2005 . . 46
3. Hands raised . . 76
4. “Oseminas,” his wife, and daughter, with Father Bruckert,
1939 . . 100
5. Cutwing and his wife visiting Trout Lake, 1939 . . 115
6. Chapel house . . 129
7. Chapel house interior and altar . . 129
8. Grandchildren of Okemow at Desmarais, 1939 . . 131
9. Sister Victoria, S.S.Ch., with her pupils at Trout Lake,
1962 . . 146
10. Gifts from the Creator, 2006 . . 220
11. Johnny and son Roger Noskiye at their smokehouse,
2005 . . 236
12. Assistant Pastor Emile Houle at the pulpit, 2007 . . 256
13. Peter Thunder working with the author, 2006 . . 295
Maps
1. Waterways and Indigenous communities within the Lesser
Slave Lake Interior . . x