Table Of ContentContributions to Management Science
Filip Covic
Container
Handling in
Automated Yard
Blocks
An Integrative Approach Based on Time
Information
Contributions to Management Science
Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/1505
Filip Covic
Container Handling
in Automated Yard Blocks
An Integrative Approach Based on Time
Information
123
FilipCovic
InstituteforOperationsResearch,
HBSHamburgBusinessSchool
UniversityofHamburg
Hamburg,Germany
ISSN1431-1941 ISSN2197-716X (electronic)
ContributionstoManagementScience
ISBN978-3-030-05290-4 ISBN978-3-030-05291-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05291-1
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018965491
©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2019
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Acknowledgements
Theresearchinthisdissertationhasbeenconductedover4yearsattheInstitutefor
OperationsResearchattheHBSHamburgBusinessSchool,UniversityofHamburg,
underthe supervisionof Prof. Dr. WolfgangBrüggemann.While carryingoutmy
research overa long time period like this, many people have helped me to realise
andfinalise the dissertation.Forthis reason,I wouldlike to thankthe peoplewho
haveconstantlysupportedmeovertheyearsandtowhomIamverygrateful.
Foremost, I am deeply thankful to my supervisor Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Brügge-
mann, head of the Institute for Operations Research. The ideal working and
research environment I have enjoyed over the years was undoubtedly a result of
hisopenapproachtowardsmyresearchandhissupportiveguidance.Hehasalways
encouraged me in my way and helped me to stay focused and motivated. In our
discussion,we coveredmanyscientific butalsogeneraltopicsofallsubjectsfrom
whichIgainedvaluableinsights.Moreover,Iwouldliketothankmyco-supervisor
Prof. Dr. Stefan Voß who has accompanied my academic path since my bachelor
thesis and whose workson containerterminaloptimisationI studied intensively.I
thankProf.Dr.MalteFliednerforbeingthechairofmydissertationcommittee.
Ofcourse,thewonderfulenvironmentattheinstituteisalsoduetomycolleagues
Icollaboratedwith,namely,Dr.ClausGwiggner,whomIconsultedaboutmysta-
tisticalevaluation,JuliaKrake,CelsoGustavoSikoraandSvenPries.Inparticular,I
wouldliketothankDr.MehdiKarimi-NasabwithwhomIcollaboratedintensively
on the theoretical part of this work and who introduced me into modelling and
decomposition techniques in the last 2 years. During our joint work, we have
become close friends. Also, I thank Christine Rodenbeck for proofreading the
dissertation.Specialthanksalsotomypredecessorattheinstitute,Dr.NilsKemme,
who made his simulation model available to me and providedvaluable advice on
practicalcontainerterminalplanningasindustryexpert.
Outsidetheuniversity,Iamdeeplyindebtedtomyfamily.MymotherZrinkahas
beenthemostencouragingandsupportivepersoninmylife.Withouther,thiswork
v
vi Acknowledgements
couldnothavehappened.Similarly,IthankVeraforbeingmylifecompanioninall
thehopesanddoubtsIhaveexperiencedsincewemet.
I dedicate this dissertation to my parents who have always given everythingto
makemehappy.
Contents
1 IntroductiontoContainerHandlingResearch.......................... 1
1.1 Motivation............................................................ 2
1.2 ResearchStatementandGoals....................................... 3
1.3 GeneralOutlineoftheWork......................................... 7
References.................................................................... 10
2 ContainerTerminalEnvironment ........................................ 11
2.1 DescriptionofContainerTerminals................................. 11
2.1.1 GeneralViewonContainerTerminalOperations......... 12
2.1.2 SpecificViewonYardBlockOperations.................. 18
2.2 SystemsofVehicleArrivalManagement ........................... 24
2.2.1 WatersideAreaandVesselCallPattern ................... 25
2.2.2 LandsideAreaandTerminalAppointmentSystem....... 26
2.3 StatementoftheProblemEnvironment............................. 32
References.................................................................... 33
3 ContainerHandlingintheYardArea.................................... 37
3.1 TypesofContainerHandlingintheYardArea ..................... 37
3.1.1 HandoverHandling......................................... 38
3.1.2 Re-handling................................................. 38
3.2 DefinitionofContainerHandlingProblemsintheYardArea ..... 40
3.3 ProblemFormulation................................................. 43
References.................................................................... 46
4 LiteratureReviewonContainerHandlingintheYardArea.......... 47
4.1 ProblemScope........................................................ 59
4.2 AggregationLevel.................................................... 61
4.3 Objective.............................................................. 62
4.4 TimeData............................................................. 63
4.5 IncomingContainersandTimeHorizon............................ 63
4.6 ContainerTypes...................................................... 64
4.7 SchedulingandYardCraneModelling.............................. 65
vii
viii Contents
4.8 ModellingandSolutionMethod..................................... 67
4.9 OpenQuestionsfromOtherLiteratureReviews.................... 69
References.................................................................... 69
5 IntegratedContainerHandling........................................... 73
5.1 AssumptionsandAnalysisofStochasticInputData ............... 74
5.1.1 WorkingConditionsandAssumptions .................... 75
5.1.2 InputDataStructureandUncertainty...................... 80
5.2 IntegratedModelforYardBlockOptimisation..................... 85
5.2.1 CoreModelforContainerHandling....................... 85
5.2.2 ModelExtensiontoFullYardBlockOperations.......... 95
5.3 NumericalResultswithCPLEX..................................... 106
5.4 CriticalSynopsisoftheMethodology............................... 109
References.................................................................... 111
6 AlgorithmicAnalysisBasedontheProblemDecomposability........ 113
6.1 ProposedSolutionApproach ........................................ 114
6.1.1 AlgorithmicFoundationandClassification ............... 114
6.1.2 DecompositionScheme .................................... 118
6.1.3 GeneralOutlineoftheRRB................................ 124
6.1.4 ModularRoutinesoftheRRB ............................. 132
6.2 Parametrisation....................................................... 158
6.3 ComputationalStudy................................................. 166
6.3.1 ExperimentalSetup......................................... 166
6.3.2 NumericalResults.......................................... 168
6.3.3 SensitivityAnalysis ........................................ 175
6.3.4 StructuralAnalysisoftheRRB............................ 178
6.4 CriticalSynopsisoftheMethodology............................... 183
Appendix..................................................................... 184
References.................................................................... 193
7 Re-marshallingProblem................................................... 195
7.1 LiteratureReview .................................................... 196
7.2 ProblemPropertiesandClassification............................... 198
7.3 SimulationofaYardBlock.......................................... 204
7.4 OnlineHeuristicApproach .......................................... 206
7.4.1 AlgorithmicFoundation.................................... 206
7.4.2 LinguisticVariables ........................................ 208
7.4.3 LinguisticTerms............................................ 208
7.4.4 BaseVariablesandMapping............................... 209
7.4.5 StackingRestrictions....................................... 213
7.4.6 Rule-BasedAlgorithmicProcedure........................ 213
7.5 PerformanceIndicatorsandExperimentalSetup................... 216
7.6 NumericalResults.................................................... 220
7.6.1 SRMGC..................................................... 222
7.6.2 Multi-RMGC ............................................... 227
Contents ix
7.6.3 BlockLayout................................................ 228
7.7 CriticalSynopsisoftheMethodology............................... 232
Appendix..................................................................... 233
References.................................................................... 240
8 TerminalAppointmentSystem............................................ 243
8.1 LiteratureReview .................................................... 244
8.2 ExperimentalSetup .................................................. 247
8.3 DesignandOperationofTAS ....................................... 250
8.3.1 ParticipationShare(A)..................................... 253
8.3.2 SlotLength(B) ............................................. 260
8.3.3 AnnouncementTime(C)................................... 264
8.3.4 DeviationfromAnnouncedTime(D) ..................... 270
8.4 CriticalSynopsisoftheMethodology............................... 276
References.................................................................... 278
9 InteractionEffectsofYardBlockProperties,Re-marshalling
andTAS...................................................................... 281
9.1 ExperimentalSetup .................................................. 282
9.2 NumericalAnalysisofInteractionEffects.......................... 283
9.2.1 AverageBlockOccupancy(A)............................. 286
9.2.2 TransshipmentRate(B).................................... 293
9.3 CriticalSynopsisoftheMethodology............................... 299
References.................................................................... 299
10 ConclusionsandRecommendationsforEfficientContainer
Handling..................................................................... 301
10.1 Summary.............................................................. 301
10.2 ResearchAnswers.................................................... 302
10.2.1 Research Answers Concerningthe Problem
FormulationandModelling................................ 303
10.2.2 TheoreticalResearchAnswer.............................. 304
10.2.3 Practice-OrientatedResearchAnswers.................... 304
10.3 FutureResearch ...................................................... 307
10.3.1 OutlookfortheProblemFormulationandModelling .... 308
10.3.2 OutlookfortheTheoreticalPart........................... 309
10.3.3 OutlookforthePractice-OrientatedPart .................. 310
References.................................................................... 312
