Consumer Electronics PDF
Preview Consumer Electronics
Consumer Electronics This page is intentionally left blank. Consumer Electronics S P Bali Former Faculty Member Military College of Electronics and Mechanical Engineering Secundrabad, India Copyright © 2008 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd Licensees of Pearson Education in South Asia No part of this eBook may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without the publisher’s prior written consent. This eBook may or may not include all assets that were part of the print version. The publisher reserves the right to remove any material present in this eBook at any time. ISBN 9788131717592 eISBN 9789332500730 Head Office: A-8(A), Sector 62, Knowledge Boulevard, 7th Floor, NOIDA 201 309, India Registered Office: 11 Local Shopping Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi 110 017, India To my considerate, caring, dedicated and faithful children Sanjana and Rajeev This page is intentionally left blank. Preface Give us the tools and we will finish the job Sir Winston Churchil We have come a long way from the primitive vacuum tube to state-of-the-art Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) technology. The progress in the field of electronics has been fast, amazing, unparallel and unprecedented. We find ourselves being part and parcel of electronics environment surrounded by the so called user friendly gadgets and gizmos. That day is not far off when we will live in Electronic Homes—centrally and remotely controlled—and offices we work in and the equipment we deal with, become automated. The birth of electronic funds transfer, automated airline reservation systems and automatic teller machines (ATMs) has opened new vistas of life. Consumer Electronics completely covers the syllabus prescribed by the various Directorates of Technical Education and the All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) for diploma as well as undergraduate students of engineering. The book is written in an easy-to-understand language and is devoid of any cumbersome mathematics. Numerous self-explained illustrations, worked examples, descriptive questions, multiple-choice questions, and fill in the blanks will enhance the student’s grasp of the subject. The book broadly covers audio systems, video systems, landline and mobile telephony, office equipment and domestic appliances in three different parts. Part I, Audio and Video Systems, is dealt in 36 chapters out of which the first 29 chapters are devoted to audio systems covering various topics like wave motion, acoustics, distortion, noise, mono, stereo, quad, amplifiers, multiplexing, mixing, equalizers and so on. Chapters 30 to 36 are on video systems and covers monochrome TV standards, colour television standards, television controls, video tape recording and reproduction, video disc recording, video controls and the like. Part II, Electronic Gadgets and Home Appliances, covers telecommunication systems, switching systems modulation techniques, fibre optics, microprocessors and microcontrollers, mobile phones, facsimile, xerography, calculators, digital clocks, in-car computers, microwave ovens, washing machines, air conditioners, refrigerators and so on. Part III, Appendices, gives information on miscellaneous topics such as airline reservations, bar codes, Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), set-top boxes and dishwashers. I have relied heavily on the literature published by different manufacturers in the form of data sheets, brochures, operating instructions without which a book of such nature would not have been possible. I am highly indebted to this community. My sincere thanks are due to my wife, Suksham, for her patience, understanding and co-operation during the preparation of the book. Any constructive suggestions, from any source whatsoever, for the improvement of the book will be thankfully acknowledged. S P BALI This page is intentionally left blank. Contents PART I—AUDIO AND VIDEO SYSTEMS 1. WAVE MOTION 3 Mechanical Waves 3 Types of Waves 4 Longitudinal Waves 4 Wave Properties 6 Energy Dissipation and Wave Motion 7 Intensity of a Wave 8 Sound Level 9 Properties of Sound Waves 11 Transverse Waves 11 Refraction of Waves 12 Reflection of Waves 12 Interference of Waves 13 Superposition of Waves 15 Complex Waves 15 Beats 16 Forced Vibrations 16 Resonance 17 Echoes 17 Descriptive Questions Multiple Choice Questions Fill in the Blanks Numerical Questions 2. MICROPHONES 21 Microphone 21 Characteristics of Microphones 21 Carbon Microphones 26 Crystal Microphones 28 Moving Coil (Dynamic) Microphones 29 Ribbon (Velocity) Microphones 31 Capacitor Microphones 32 Electret Microphones 33 Gun Microphones 34 Lavalier Microphones 36 Tie-clip Microphones 38 Wireless Microphones 38
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