Table Of ContentIETENERGY ENGINEERING 145
Condition Monitoring
of Rotating Electrical
Machines
Othervolumesinthisseries:
Volume1 PowerCircuitBreakerTheoryandDesignC.H.Flurscheim(Editor)
Volume4 IndustrialMicrowaveHeatingA.C.MetaxasandR.J.Meredith
Volume7 InsulatorsforHighVoltagesJ.S.T.Looms
Volume8 VariableFrequencyACMotorDriveSystemsD.Finney
Volume10 SF SwitchgearH.M.RyanandG.R.Jones
6
Volume11 ConductionandInductionHeatingE.J.Davies
Volume13 StatisticalTechniquesforHighVoltageEngineeringW.Hauschildand
W.Mosch
Volume14 UninterruptiblePowerSuppliesJ.PlattsandJ.D.StAubyn(Editors)
Volume15 DigitalProtectionforPowerSystemsA.T.JohnsandS.K.Salman
Volume16 ElectricityEconomicsandPlanningT.W.Berrie
Volume18 VacuumSwitchgearA.Greenwood
Volume19 ElectricalSafety:Aguidetocausesandpreventionofhazards
J.MaxwellAdams
Volume21 ElectricityDistributionNetworkDesign,2ndEditionE.Lakerviand
E.J.Holmes
Volume22 ArtificialIntelligenceTechniquesinPowerSystemsK.Warwick,A.O.Ekwue
andR.Aggarwal(Editors)
Volume24 PowerSystemCommissioningandMaintenancePracticeK.Harker
Volume25 Engineers’HandbookofIndustrialMicrowaveHeatingR.J.Meredith
Volume26 SmallElectricMotorsH.Moczalaetal.
Volume27 AC–DCPowerSystemAnalysisJ.ArrillagaandB.C.Smith
Volume29 HighVoltageDirectCurrentTransmission,2ndEditionJ.Arrillaga
Volume30 FlexibleACTransmissionSystems(FACTS)Y.-H.Song(Editor)
Volume31 EmbeddedGenerationN.Jenkinsetal.
Volume32 HighVoltageEngineeringandTesting,2ndEditionH.M.Ryan(Editor)
Volume33 OvervoltageProtectionofLow-VoltageSystems,RevisedEditionP.Hasse
Volume36 VoltageQualityinElectricalPowerSystemsJ.Schlabbachetal.
Volume37 ElectricalSteelsforRotatingMachinesP.Beckley
Volume38 TheElectricCar:Developmentandfutureofbattery,hybridandfuel-cell
carsM.Westbrook
Volume39 PowerSystemsElectromagneticTransientsSimulationJ.Arrillagaand
N.Watson
Volume40 AdvancesinHighVoltageEngineeringM.HaddadandD.Warne
Volume41 ElectricalOperationofElectrostaticPrecipitatorsK.Parker
Volume43 ThermalPowerPlantSimulationandControlD.Flynn
Volume44 EconomicEvaluationofProjectsintheElectricitySupplyIndustry
H.Khatib
Volume45 PropulsionSystemsforHybridVehiclesJ.Miller
Volume46 DistributionSwitchgearS.Stewart
Volume47 ProtectionofElectricityDistributionNetworks,2ndEditionJ.Gersand
E.Holmes
Volume48 WoodPoleOverheadLinesB.Wareing
Volume49 ElectricFuses,3rdEditionA.WrightandG.Newbery
Volume50 WindPowerIntegration:Connectionandsystemoperationalaspects
B.Foxetal.
Volume51 ShortCircuitCurrentsJ.Schlabbach
Volume52 NuclearPowerJ.Wood
Volume53 ConditionAssessmentofHighVoltageInsulationinPowerSystem
EquipmentR.E.JamesandQ.Su
Volume55 LocalEnergy:DistributedgenerationofheatandpowerJ.Wood
Volume56 ConditionMonitoringofRotatingElectricalMachinesP.Tavner,L.Ran,
J.PenmanandH.Sedding
Volume57 TheControlTechniquesDrivesandControlsHandbook,2ndEdition
B.Drury
Volume58 LightningProtectionV.Cooray(Editor)
Volume59 UltracapacitorApplicationsJ.M.Miller
Volume62 LightningElectromagneticsV.Cooray
Volume63 EnergyStorageforPowerSystems,2ndEditionA.Ter-Gazarian
Volume65 ProtectionofElectricityDistributionNetworks,3rdEditionJ.Gers
Volume66 HighVoltageEngineeringTesting,3rdEditionH.Ryan(Editor)
Volume67 MulticoreSimulationofPowerSystemTransientsF.M.Uriate
Volume68 DistributionSystemAnalysisandAutomationJ.Gers
Volume69 TheLighteningFlash,2ndEditionV.Cooray(Editor)
Volume70 EconomicEvaluationofProjectsintheElectricitySupplyIndustry,
3rdEditionH.Khatib
Volume72 ControlCircuitsinPowerElectronics:Practicalissuesindesignand
implementationM.Castilla(Editor)
Volume73 WideAreaMonitoring,ProtectionandControlSystems:Theenablerfor
smartergridsA.VaccaroandA.Zobaa(Editors)
Volume74 PowerElectronicConvertersandSystems:FrontiersandapplicationsA.M.
Trzynadlowski(Editor)
Volume75 PowerDistributionAutomationB.Das(Editor)
Volume76 PowerSystemStability:Modelling,analysisandcontrolB.OmP.Malik
Volume78 NumericalAnalysisofPowerSystemTransientsandDynamicsA.Ametani
(Editor)
Volume79 Vehicle-to-Grid:LinkingelectricvehiclestothesmartgridJ.Luand
J.Hossain(Editors)
Volume81 Cyber-Physical-SocialSystemsandConstructsinElectricPower
EngineeringS.Suryanarayanan,R.RocheandT.M.Hansen(Editors)
Volume82 PeriodicControlofPowerElectronicConvertersF.Blaabjerg,K.Zhou,
D.WangandY.Yang
Volume86 AdvancesinPowerSystemModelling,ControlandStabilityAnalysis
F.Milano(Editor)
Volume87 Cogeneration:Technologies,optimisationandimplementationC.A.
Frangopoulos(Editor)
Volume88 SmarterEnergy:FromsmartmeteringtothesmartgridH.Sun,N.
Hatziargyriou,H.V.Poor,L.CarpaniniandM.A.Sa´nchezFornie´ (Editors)
Volume89 HydrogenProduction,SeparationandPurificationforEnergyA.Basile,
F.Dalena,J.TongandT.N.Vezirog˘lu(Editors)
Volume90 CleanEnergyMicrogridsS.ObaraandJ.Morel(Editors)
Volume91 FuzzyLogicControlinEnergySystemswithDesignApplicationsin
MATLAB‡/Simulink‡˙I.H.Altas¸
Volume92 PowerQualityinFutureElectricalPowerSystemsA.F.ZobaaandS.H.E.A.
Aleem(Editors)
Volume93 CogenerationandDistrictEnergySystems:Modelling,analysisand
optimizationM.A.RosenandS.Koohi-Fayegh
Volume94 IntroductiontotheSmartGrid:Concepts,technologiesandevolution
S.K.Salman
Volume95 Communication,ControlandSecurityChallengesfortheSmartGridS.M.
MuyeenandS.Rahman(Editors)
Volume96 IndustrialPowerSystemswithDistributedandEmbedded
GenerationRBelu
Volume97 SynchronizedPhasorMeasurementsforSmartGridsM.J.B.ReddyandD.K.
Mohanta(Editors)
Volume98 LargeScaleGridIntegrationofRenewableEnergySourcesA.Moreno-
Munoz(Editor)
Volume100 ModelingandDynamicBehaviourofHydropowerPlantsN.Kishorand
J.Fraile-Ardanuy(Editors)
Volume101 MethaneandHydrogenforEnergyStorageR.CarriveauandD.S.-K.Ting
Volume104 PowerTransformerConditionMonitoringandDiagnosisA.Abu-Siada
(Editor)
Volume106 SurfacePassivationofIndustrialCrystallineSiliconSolarCellsJ.John
(Editor)
Volume107 BifacialPhotovoltaics:Technology,applicationsandeconomicsJ.Libal
andR.Kopecek(Editors)
Volume108 FaultDiagnosisofInductionMotorsJ.Faiz,V.GhorbanianandG.Joksimovic´
Volume110 HighVoltagePowerNetworkConstructionK.Harker
Volume111 EnergyStorageatDifferentVoltageLevels:Technology,integration,and
marketaspectsA.F.Zobaa,P.F.Ribeiro,S.H.A.AleemandS.N.Afifi(Editors)
Volume112 WirelessPowerTransfer:Theory,technologyandapplicationN.Shinohara
Volume115 DCDistributionSystemsandMicrogridsT.Dragicˇevic´,F.Blaabjergand
P.Wheeler
Volume117 StructuralControlandFaultDetectionofWindTurbineSystems
H.R.Karimi
Volume119 ThermalPowerPlantControlandInstrumentation:Thecontrolofboilers
andHRSGs,2ndEditionD.Lindsley,J.GristandD.Parker
Volume120 FaultDiagnosisforRobustInverterPowerDrivesA.Ginart(Editor)
Volume123 PowerSystemsElectromagneticTransientsSimulation,2ndEdition
N.WatsonandJ.Arrillaga
Volume124 PowerMarketTransformationB.Murray
Volume125 WindEnergyModelingandSimulationVolume1:Atmosphereandplant
P.Veers(Editor)
Volume126 DiagnosisandFaultToleranceofElectricalMachines,PowerElectronics
andDrivesA.J.M.Cardoso
Volume128 CharacterizationofWideBandgapPowerSemiconductorDevicesF.Wang,
Z.ZhangandE.A.Jones
Volume129 RenewableEnergyfromtheOceans:Fromwave,tidalandgradient
systemstooffshorewindandsolarD.CoiroandT.Sant(Editors)
Volume130 WindandSolarBasedEnergySystemsforCommunitiesR.Carriveauand
D.S.-K.Ting(Editors)
Volume131 MetaheuristicOptimizationinPowerEngineeringJ.Radosavljevic´
Volume132 PowerLineCommunicationSystemsforSmartGridsI.R.SCasellaand
A.Anpalagan
Volume139 Variability,ScalabilityandStabilityofMicrogridsS.M.Muyeen,S.M.Islam
andF.Blaabjerg(Editors)
Volume146 EnergyStorageforPowerSystems,3rdEditionA.G.Ter-Gazarian
Volume155 EnergyGenerationandEfficiencyTechnologiesforGreenResidential
BuildingsD.TingandR.Carriveau(Editors)
Volume157 ElectricalSteels,2VolumesA.Moses,K.Jenkins,PhilipAndersonand
H.Stanbury
Volume172 LightinginteractionwithPowerSystems,2volumesA.Piantini(Editor)
Volume905 PowerSystemProtection,4volumes
Condition Monitoring
of Rotating Electrical
Machines
3rd Edition
Peter Tavner, Li Ran and Christopher Crabtree
The Institution of Engineering andTechnology
PublishedbyTheInstitutionofEngineeringandTechnology,London,UnitedKingdom
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Contents
Abouttheauthors xv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements xxi
Nomenclature xxiii
Abbreviations xxix
1 Introductionto condition monitoring 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Need for monitoring 4
1.3 What and when to monitor 8
1.4 Technological timelines 10
1.5 Structure of text and bibliographies 14
2 Rotating electrical machines 17
2.1 Introduction 17
2.2 Electrical machines structures and types 18
2.3 DCmachines 25
2.4 ACmachines, synchronous 26
2.5 ACmachines, asynchronousor induction 28
2.6 Permanent magnet or reluctance machines 33
2.7 Other machine types 33
2.7.1 Multi-phase machines 33
2.7.2 Doubly fed and variable-speeddrive machines 35
2.8 Conclusions 37
3 Electrical machine construction, operation andfailure modes 39
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 Materials, strengthand temperature 39
3.3 Electrical machine construction 43
3.3.1 General 43
3.3.2 Stator core and frame 44
3.3.3 Stator windings 44
3.3.4 Rotors and windings 45
3.3.5 Enclosures 46
3.3.6 Connectionsand heat exchangers 47
3.3.7 Summary 47
