Concrete Under Severe Conditions: Environment and Loading

410 Pages·2010·17.595 MB·English

by  Pedro Castro-Borges (ed.), Eric I. Moreno (ed.), Koji Sakai (ed.), O. Gjorv (ed.), Nemkumar Banthia (ed.)

CONCRETE UNDER SEVERE CONDITIONS
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCRETE UNDER
SEVERE CONDITIONS (CONSEC’10), MÉRIDA, YUCATÁN, MEXICO, 7–9 JUNE 2010
Concrete under Severe
Conditions
Environment and loading
Editors
Pedro Castro-Borges
CINVESTAV del IPN Unidad Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, México
Eric I. Moreno
Facultad de Ingeniería, UADY, Mérida, Yucatán, México
Koji Sakai
Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
Odd E. Gjørv
Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Nemkumar Banthia
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

VOLUME 1
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ISBN: 978-0-415-59316-8 (set of 2 volumes Hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-415-59317-5 (vol 1)
ISBN: 978-0-415-59318-2 (vol 2)
ISBN: 978-0-203-84240-9 (eBook)
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Concrete under Severe Conditions – Castro-Borges et al. (eds)
© 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-0-415-59316-8
Table of contents
Preface xix
Steering board xxi
Organizing committee xxiii
Scientific committee xxv
International advisory committee xxix
Reviewers xxxi
Host organizations xxxiii
Supporting organizations xxxv
Sponsors xxxvii
VOLUME 1
Keynote lectures
Durability and safety of concrete structures in the nuclear context 3
J.-M. Torrenti & G. Nahas
Diagnosis of alkali-aggregate reaction—polarizing microscopy
and SEM-EDS analysis 19
T. Katayama
Accelerated vs. natural corrosion experimental results for remaining
life stage forecasting 35
A.A. Torres-Acosta
Honoree sessions (Invited Papers)
The impact of tropical urban environment on the durability of RC
in Iberoamerican countries 45
O.M. Trocónis de Rincón, M. Sánchez, V. Millano, R. Fernández, E. Anzola de Partidas,
I. Martínez, N. Rebolledo, M. Barboza, J.C. Montenegro, R. Vera, A.M. Carvajal,
R. Mejia de Gutiérrez, J. Maldonado, C. Guerrero, E. Saborio-Leiva, C. Villalobos-Gonzalez,
J.T. Pérez-Quiroz, A. Torres-Acosta, P. Castro-Borges, E.I. Moreno, T. Pérez-López,
F. Almeraya-Calderón, W. Martinez-Molina, M. Martínez-Madrid, M. Salta,
A.P. de Melo, G. Rodríguez, M. Pedrón & M. Derrégibus
Electrical resistance tomography approach for localizing reinforcing bars in concrete 57
K. Karhunen, A. Seppänen, A. Lehikoinen, P.J.M. Monteiro & J.P. Kaipio
v
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Experimental simulation of surface cracking in concrete structures affected by AAR 65
G. Nery, P. Helene, D. Cusson & J.C. Margeson
Sodium sulfate weathering in the residential concrete foundation 75
N. Yoshida, Y. Matsunami, M. Nagayama & E. Sakai
A required condition of thaumasite formation in marine environments 85
T. Nozaki, S. Ogawa, H. Hirao, K. Kono & K. Yamada
Qualification of repair materials by mechanical and durability properties 91
C.C. Ferraro, A.J. Boyd & C.A. Ishee
Concrete durability and sustainability as influenced by resistance to fluid ingress
and selection of cementitious materials 99
R.D. Hooton
Special NDT session
Nondestructive evaluation of horizontal cracks in RC slabs by impact
elastic-wave methods 117
T. Kamada, S. Uchida, K. Nakayama, H. Mae & T. Tamakoshi
Stress evaluation in concrete members using ultrasonic propagation velocity 127
Y. Oshima, A. Okamura & H. Kawano
Evaluation of chloride ion content in concrete structures using near-infrared
spectroscopic technique 135
T. Yamamoto, M. Kohri & T. Ueda
Improving performance prediction of corroding concrete bridges
with field monitoring 145
D. Cusson, Z. Lounis & L. Daigle
Nondestructive quality evaluation of surface concrete
with various curing conditions 159
I. Kurashige & M. Hironaga
Monitoring of macrocell corrosion rate in existing structures 169
S. Miyazato
Electrochemical behavior of steel bar in concrete under tidal environment 183
Y. Akira, M. Iwanami, T. Yamaji, Y. Shimazaki & M. Ishinaka
The use of electrical resistivity as a NDT for the specification of concrete durability 195

C. Andrade & R. d’Andrea
Several factors affecting the anodic polarization curve of steel bars
embedded in mortar 201
H. Hamada, Y. Sagawa, T. Ikeda & R. Morikawa
Durability monitoring on RC structures using “Shirasu concrete”
in marine environment 209
T. Yamaguchi, K. Takewaka & S. Mori
Detection of reinforcement corrosion with a new non-destructive
test method using induction heating 217
K. Kobayashi & N. Banthia
Surface resistivity profiles on marine substructures to assess concrete permeability 227
F.J. Presuel-Moreno, A. Suarez, I. Lasa & M. Paredes
vi
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Performance under severe environment
Deterioration processes
Risk of stress corrosion cracking of prestressing steels in contact with
galvanized components 239
J. Mietz, A. Burkert, J. Lehmann & G. Eich
Chloride ingress in pre-tensioned prestressed concrete beams and the effect
of corrosion on their structural behaviour 247
B. Cousin & B. Martín-Pérez
Evaluation of the risk of cracking in thin concrete walls due to hydration heat 257
C. Zanotti, A. Meda, G. Plizzari & S. Cangiano
Frost scaling of blast-furnace slag mortar with sodium monofluorophosphate 265
K. Sisomphon, O. Copuroglu & A.L.A. Fraaij
Improving the frost resistance of short-fiber-mixed shotcrete by hollow microspheres 273
F. Taguchi, M. Takahashi, N. Kishi, Y. Kurihashi & H. Mikami
Strains and stresses in concrete due to saline and non-saline freeze-thaw loads 279
V. Penttala
Experimental investigations concerning combined delayed ettringite formation
and alkali-aggregate reaction 287
R.-P. Martin, J.-C. Renaud & F. Toutlemonde
Analysis of AAR preventive methods: Petrographic analysis
and accelerated bar method 297
C.F.C. Silva, E.C.B. Monteiro & A.D. Gusmão
A brief description of alkali-aggregate reaction occurrence and prevention in Brazil 305
L. Sanchez, S. Kuperman & P. Helene
The natural pozzolana ‘Rhenish trass’ and its effect on ASR in concrete 313
U. Müller, P. Bürgisser, F. Weise & B. Meng
Chemical changes and carbonation profiles of carbonated
cement pastes at 80°C for different relative humidities 321
E. Drouet, S. Poyet, P. Le Bescop & J.M. Torrenti
Influences of carbonation on heavy metal diffusivity in cement hydrates 329
K. Kawai, T. Sato & Y. Miyamoto
Carbonation of mortar with mineral admixtures and relation with physical properties 335
J.L. Gallias, K. Dizayee & A. Bessa
Influence of type of deicing chemical and cement on salt scaling of concrete 343
T. Oyamada, S. Hanehara, T. Fujiwara & T. Takahashi
Deteriorate forms and defective events on concrete surface damaged
by de-icing chemical attacks 351
Y. Takashina
Influence of casting direction on chloride-induced rebar corrosion 359
U. Angst, C.K. Larsen, Ø. Vennesland & B. Elsener
Co-effects of initial and exposure environments on chloride penetration 367
H. Yokota, W. Xue & W. Jin
The effect of the corrosive environments over high strength concrete 375
C. Magureanu, C. Negrutiu & B. Heghes
vii
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Influence of concrete cracking on the corrosion of steel reinforcement 383
V. Jiménez-Quero, P. Montes-García & T.W. Bremner
Influence of local steel corrosion on shear failure mechanism of RC linear members 391
K. Watanabe, J. Niwa & M. Tsunoda
Effect of corrosion on the tensile properties of steel bars in cracked HPC containing CNI 397
H.Z. Lopez-Calvo, T.W. Bremner, M.D.A. Thomas & P. Montes-García
Corrosion resistance of lightweight concrete made of ternary mixtures 405
E.P. Reyes-Díaz, J.G. Osuna-Alarcón, F. Almeraya-Calderón & C. Gaona-Tiburcio
Reinforced concrete beams deterioration in tropical marine environment:
DURACON-Campeche 413
H.T. Pérez, M.R. Sosa, L.R. Dzib, J. Reyes, R. Camacho,
O. Troconis-Rincón & A. Torres-Acosta
Remaining shear strength in reinforced concrete beams deteriorated by corrosion 421
B. Guevara, C. Juarez, G. Fajardo & P. Castro-Borges
Experimental evaluation of the structural behaviour of corroded
prestressed concrete beams 429
Z. Rinaldi, S. Imperatore, C. Valente & L. Pardi
Deterioration due to combined cyclic actions and reinforcement
corrosion of R.C. structures 437
L. Giordano, G. Mancini & F. Tondolo
Failure analysis of reinforced concrete due to pitting corrosion of reinforcing bar 445
B.S. Jang, B.H. Oh & S.Y. Jang
Corrosion initiation state of rebars in concrete subjected to chloride penetration 453
G.M. Sadiqul-Islam & T. Sugiyama
Corrosion propagation in RC structures—state of the art review and way forward 461
M.B. Otieno, H.D. Beushausen & M.G. Alexander
Quantification of water penetration into concrete through cracks
to rebars by neutron radiography 471
M. Kanematsu, N. Tuchiya, T. Noguchi & I. Maruyama
Behaviour of a crack submitted to a fluid penetration 479
C. Rouby, A. Féraille-Fresnet & A. Ehrlacher
Use of entrained air concrete exposed to chlorides in non-freeze
thaw environments: Effects on plastic concrete properties 487
J. Thesen & R. El-Hacha
Study of CEM I and low pH cement pastes leaching in multi-ionic underground water 495
A. Dauzères, P. Le Bescop, P. Sardini & C. Cau Dit Coumes
Diffusion and adsorption properties of lead in cement hydrates 505
K. Kawai, H. Kikuchi & T. Sato
Influence of specimen type with RILEM CDF and ASTM C 672 on scaling
under same temperature 513
M. Takahashi & S. Miyazato
Heat deterioration on fracture properties of concrete 521
Y. Kitsutaka & K. Matsuzawa
Thermal behaviour of concrete with layer of fireproofing materials exposed to fire 527
K.S. Nguyen, C. Lanos & Y. Mélinge
viii
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Heat and moisture movement and explosive spalling in concrete under
fire environment 537
T. Noguchi, M. Kanematsu, J.W. Ko & D.W. Ryu
Fire resistance of high performance RC column with nylon
and polypropylene fiber 545
C.G. Han, M.C. Han, R.P. Ferron & D. Han
Spalling under fire of ultra-high performance fibre concrete:
Effect of polymer fibers 553
L. Missemer, E. Ouedraogo, Y. Malécot, D. Rogat & C. Clergue
Properties of fibre reinforced concrete after various degrees of heatloading 561
L. Bodnárová, R. Hela & J. Válek
Meso-scale analysis of mortar deteriorated by acid 569
Y. Oiwa, Y. Sato & T. Miura
Study of concrete alteration in sewer systems by biogenic sulfuric acid 577
T. Chaussadent, F. Boinski, J. Herisson & E. van Hullebusch
Simplified resistance evaluation of cementitious materials to sulfuric acid 583
K. Kawai, H. Morita & Y. Matsui
Service life prediction
Performance-based approach for durability of concrete containing flash
metakaolin as cement replacement 591
R. San Nicolas, M. Cyr & G. Escadeillas
Modelling of reinforcement corrosion—simulation and time dependence 601
J. Harnisch, J. Warkus & M. Raupach
Inclusion of GCC in analytical solutions of service life models for concrete 609
J.M. Mendoza-Rangel & P. Castro-Borges
The time to commencement of reinforcement corrosion in marine environments 617
R.E. Melchers
A probabilistic approach for modelling calcium leaching in concrete structures 625
T. de Larrard, F. Benboudjema, J.-B. Colliat, J.-M. Torrenti & F. Deleruyelle
Prediction method of concrete deterioration by electrochemical inspection 633
K. Toda, T. Nishido & K. Uji
Relationship between electric resistivity and diffusion coefficient of chloride
ion in mortar 641
H. Minagawa, M. Hisada & A. Ehara
Durability
Durability of light-weight self compacting concrete with expanded clay aggregate 653
M. Hubertova & R. Hela
Freeze-thaw durability of Portland cement and silica fume concretes 659
A. Badr
The influence of intergrinding of cement and fly ash on concrete durability 667
B. Czarnecki, W. Johnston & W. Dobslaw
Surface layer study of concrete containing metakaolin 675
K. Kolář, P. Reiterman, T. Klečka, M. Dudíková & P. Huňka
ix
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Durability of high performance concrete in cold climate and exposure to deicing salts 683
B. Czarnecki & R.L. Day
Capillary absorption and concrete durability 689
L. Juárez, P. Cano-Barrita, C. Robles, P. Castro-Borges & A.A. Torres-Acosta
Field performance of structures and materials
Concrete behaviour in four different atmospheres in Michoacan, Mexico 701
W. Martínez Molina, E.M. Alonso Guzmán, F.A. Velasco Avalos, C. Lara Gómez,
H.L. Chávez García, A.A. Torres-Acosta & X. Chávez Cárdenas
Validation and improvement of procedures for performance testing
of anti-graffiti agents on concrete surfaces 709
K. Malaga & U. Mueller
New possibilities of cooling towers diagnostics and repairs
for increasing a service life 717
J. Bydzovsky, A. Dufka & Z. Snirch
Field experience of UHPFRC durability in an air cooling tower 727
F. Toutlemonde, V. Bouteiller, A. Deman, G. Platret, A. Pavoine, B. Duchesne,
L. Lauvin, M. Carcasses & M. Lion
Structural behavior of monitored harbors during several tide
and temperature loading cycles 735
H. Yáñez-Godoy, F. Lanata & F. Schoefs
Durability of fly ash concrete in a concrete harbor structure 743
V. Årskog & O.E. Gjørv
Effect of corrosion on time-dependent reliability of steel sheet-pile seawalls
in marine environment conditions 751
H. Yañez-Godoy, J. Boéro, G. Thillard & F. Schoefs
Durability of silica fume concrete in Aursundet Bridge 759
V. Årskog, O. Sengul & O.E. Gjørv
The French National Project CEOS.FR: Assessment of cracking risk
for special concrete structures under THCM stresses 767
A. Sellier, C. La Borderie, J.M. Torrenti & J. Mazars
Experimental modeling of high thermal gradients in steam injection wells 775
R.F. Correia, E.M.R. Fairbairn, R.D. Toledo-Filho & C.R. Miranda
Monitoring of “Zarzuela Racecourse” structure by means

of no-destructive techniques for durability assessment 783
A. Castillo, C. Andrade, I. Martínez, N. Rebolledo, L. Fernández Troyano,
G. Ayuso, J. Cuervo, J. Junquera & C. Santana
Author index 789
VOLUME 2
Performance and application of specialized materials
Cement
Slag cements and frost resistance 795
V. Årskog & O.E. Gjørv
x
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Aggregates
Effect of type of fine aggregate on the resistance of concrete to sulfuric acid attack 803
T. Ayano & T. Fujii
Development of lightweight aggregate concrete with high resistance
to water and chloride-ion penetration 813
X.M. Liu, K.S. Chia & M.H. Zhang
Improved durability of concrete due to SAP 823
H.W. Reinhardt & A. Assmann
A study on NO purification by porous concrete with several kinds
x
of aggregates and void contents 831
T.S. Xiang, T. Nakazawa, F. Imai & K. Onoue
Mortars
Textile reinforced mortar for shear strengthening of RC beams 841
T.H. Almusallam, Y.A. Al-Salloum, S.H. Alsayed & H.M. Elsanadedy
Concretes
Impact safety of structural UHPC elements—combined numerical
and experimental approach 851
M. Noeldgen, E. Fehling, W. Riedel & K. Thoma
Comparative performances on the resistances of HPC and RPC
to penetration of water and Cl− 861
K.V. Harish, D.S. Sabitha, J.K. Dattatreya & M. Neelamegam
Development of low-shrinkage high-performance concrete
with improved durability 869
D. Cusson & J. Margeson
Effect of autogenous shrinkage of UHSC on bending behavior of RC column 879
I. Maruyama & M. Teshigawara
Ultrasonic monitoring of shrinkage development of HPC
under isothermal conditions 889
S. Staquet, C. Boulay, N. Robeyst & N. De Belie
Sulfuric acid resistance of belite-based cement concrete mixed with GGBFS 897
S. Yoshida, F. Taguchi, T. Nawa & H. Watanabe
Performance of self compacting concrete with different quantities
of FA and limestone 905
M. Skazlić
Self-compacting concrete for in loco molding walls system for low cost housing 911
R. Alencar & P. Helene
Fundamental study on self-repairing concrete using a selective heating device 919
T. Nishiwaki, H. Mihashi & Y. Okuhara
Self-healing concrete 927
R. Vandine, C. West & M.R. Hansen
Validation of an accelerated carbonation model for limestone aggregate concrete 935
R. Solís-Carcaño & E.I. Moreno
xi
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