Computer Applications to Private Office Practice Computer Applications to Private Office Practice Edited by Byron B. Oberst, M.D., F.A.A.P. Robert A. Reid, M.D., F.A.C.P. With Contributions by Elmer Gabrieli, John H. Hoskins, John M. Long, Gretchen Murphy, Byron B. Oberst, Robert A. Reid With a Foreword by William A. Bauman, M.D. Springer-Verlag New York Berlin Heidelberg Tokyo Byron B. Oberst, M.D., F.A.A.P. Robert A. Reid, M.D., F.A.C.P. Omaha Children's Clinic, P.C. Department of Internal Medicine Omaha, Nebraska 68144 University of Virginia Medical Center U.S.A. Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 U.S.A. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Computer applications to private office practice. Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Medicine-Data processing. 2. Medical offices Data processing. 3. Medicine-Practice. I. Oberst, Byron B. II. Reid, Robert A. R858.C628 1984 651.5'04261 83-20270 With 1 Figure © 1984 by Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 15t edition 1984 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be translated or reproduced in any form without written permission from Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, U.S.A. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc., in this publication, even if the former are not especially identified, is not to be taken as a sign that such names, as understood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may accordingly be used freely by anyone. While the advice and information of this book is believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to material contained herein. Typeset by Ampersand, Inc., Rutland, Vermont 9 8 765 432 ISBN -13: 978-1-4612-9746-8 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-5226-9 DOT: 10.1007/978-1-4612-5226-9 To all those confused, bewildered, and betwixt physicians in solo and small group practices who are indecisive, uncertain, and overwhelmed by the vicissitudes of practice and are considering turning to the computer for solace and rescue Foreword This publication is sponsored by the American Association for Medical Systems and Informatics. The Board of AAMSI and the Board of the Society for Computer Medicine, one of AAMSI's predecessors, agreed that a book on application of medical systems and informatics for the practitioner would help promote high quality health care and they charged the Committee on Standards of the Society for Computer Medicine to write such a text. It is intended as a guide for the field of medical systems and informatics with emphasis on standards, terminology, and coding systems. The text, a result of three years of research and effort, has been reviewed by the Board of Directors of AAMSI and approved by the Publications Committee. We believe that you will find it valuable and hope to revise it from time to time to meet current needs. On behalf of the members of the Association, we congratulate the authors and thank them for their efforts. WILLIAM A. BAUMAN, M.D. President American Association for Medical Systems and Informatics Preface This book has been written by the members of the Committee on Standards of the Society for Computer Medicine. We have drawn upon the Society's expertise to prepare an easy-to-read and understandable How-to Do-It text for use by those physicians who are considering computerization of their office in one manner or another. More physicians are seeking the where, why, what, and how of computer applications to both the business side and the clinical/patient care side of practice management. The general theme of this book is intended for those individuals in solo or small group practices such as two to eight physicians who want help in starting their search for "greener pastures." Basic principles for the initial approach to office computer applications are defined. Major elements and areas for consideration are outlined. In each chapter the specific author's editorial feelings are included. Some material may be reemphasized elsewhere in the text for impact of importance. This book will not make the reader a computer applications expert or provide a complete do-it-yourself method. This book will provide ideas and concepts for consideration, and highlight pitfalls to be avoided. The committee has greatly enjoyed planning, discussing, and writing this book. We hope that it will help you avoid headaches, heartaches, dissatis faction, and costly mistakes. We have attempted to discuss our view of the near future of office computers without being carried away by "blue sky." All of us are pragmatists and realists. We welcome you to contact any of the x Preface authors or Society members to obtain more information. The American Association for Medical Systems and Informatics welcomes you to the future of health care delivery, office management, and office viability. Contents Part I Introduction to Accounting Systems 1 Beyond Billing: Some Things You Should Know Before You Begin 3 John M. Long 2 What Sort of Data Should Be Collected and Why? 11 Robert A. Reid 3 The Accounting Module 17 John H. Hoskins Part II Introduction to Administrative Systems 33 4 The Administration Module 35 John H Hoskins Part III Introduction to Health Care Delivery Systems 41 5 How Computers Can Help in Patient Care and Practice (Health Care Delivery) 43 Byron B. Oberst xii Contents 6 How Physician Professional Education and Development Can Be Enhanced by Computers 49 Byron B. Oberst 7 The Medical Record Summary, Contents, and Utilization 53 Gretchen Murphy 8 History Gathering Techniques Via the Computer 69 John M. Long 9 Supervising and Keeping Track of Patient Care 73 Gretchen Murphy 10 Quality Assessment and Quality Control of Patient Care 81 Elmer Gabrieli 11 Patient/Parent/Family Educational Assists 93 Byron B. Oberst Part IV Introduction to Planning, Vendors, and Implementation 97 12 Planning for Automation: The Total Office Practice System 99 John M. Long 13 Be Prepared to Give, Not Receive, the Sales Pitch 105 John M. Long 14 Problems with System Implementation 115 Robert A. Reid 15 Office Computing and the Right to Privacy 121 Elmer Gabrieli 16 Summary 127 Byron B. Oberst Appendices 129 Index 139 Contributors Elmer Gabrieli, M.D., PRAKTICE, Computers Serving Medicine, Buffalo, New York John H. Hoskins, Editor and Publisher, The Medical Practice Letter, New Haven, Connecticut John M. Long, Ed.D., Director, Coordinating Center, Hyperlipidemia Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Gretchen Murphy, RRA., Assistant Professor, Health Information Ser vices, Seattle University, Seattle, Washington Byron B. Oberst, M.D., F.A.A.P., Omaha Children's Clinic, P.C., Omaha, Nebraska Robert A. Reid, M.D., F.A.C.P., Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, Virginia