ebook img

Computational intelligence in architecting engineering systems : proceedings of the Artificial Neural Networks in Engineering Conference (ANNIE 2008) held November 9-12, 2008. St. Louis, Missouri, USA PDF

757 Pages·2008·27.508 MB·English
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview Computational intelligence in architecting engineering systems : proceedings of the Artificial Neural Networks in Engineering Conference (ANNIE 2008) held November 9-12, 2008. St. Louis, Missouri, USA

COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN ARCHITECTING ENGINEERING SYSTEMS ARCHITECTING ENGINEERING SYSTEMS VOLUME 18 VOLUME 18 Downloaded From: http://ebooks.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on 01/28/2016 Terms of Use: http://www.asme.org/about-asme/terms-of-use ASME PRESS SERIES ON INTELLIGENT ASME PRESS SERIES ON INTELLIGENT ENGINEERING SYSTEMS THROUGH ARTIFICIAL ENGINEERING SYSTEMS THROUGH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS NEURAL NETWORKS EDITOR EDITOR C.H. Dagli, Editor, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri, USA C.H. Dagli, Editor, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri, USA Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 1, edited Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 1, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Soundar R.T. Kumara, and Yung C. Shin, 1991 by Cihan H. Dagli, Soundar R.T. Kumara, and Yung C. Shin, 1991 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 2, edited Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 2, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Laura I. Burke, and Yung C. Shin, 1992 by Cihan H. Dagli, Laura I. Burke, and Yung C. Shin, 1992 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 3, edited Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 3, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Laura I. Burke, Benito Fernandez, and Joydeep Ghosh, 1993 by Cihan H. Dagli, Laura I. Burke, Benito Fernandez, and Joydeep Ghosh, 1993 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 4, edited Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 4, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Benito Fernandez, Joydeep Ghosh, and R.T. Soundar Kumara, by Cihan H. Dagli, Benito Fernandez, Joydeep Ghosh, and R.T. Soundar Kumara, 1994 1994 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 5, edited Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 5, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Metin Akay, C.L. Phillip Chen, Benito Fernandez, and Joydeep by Cihan H. Dagli, Metin Akay, C.L. Phillip Chen, Benito Fernandez, and Joydeep Ghosh, 1995 Ghosh, 1995 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 6, edited Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks, Volume 6, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Metin Akay, C.L. Phillip Chen, Benito Fernandez, and Joydeep by Cihan H. Dagli, Metin Akay, C.L. Phillip Chen, Benito Fernandez, and Joydeep Ghosh, 1996 Ghosh, 1996 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Engineering Systems: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Data Mining and Evolutionary Engineering Systems: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Data Mining and Evolutionary Programming, Volume 7, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Metin Akay, Okan Ersoy, Benito Programming, Volume 7, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Metin Akay, Okan Ersoy, Benito Fernandez, and Alice Smith, 1997 Fernandez, and Alice Smith, 1997 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Engineering Systems: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Programming, Engineering Systems: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Programming, Data Mining and Rough Sets, Volume 8, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Metin Akay, Data Mining and Rough Sets, Volume 8, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Metin Akay, Anna L. Buczak, Okan Ersoy, and Benito Fernandez, 1998 Anna L. Buczak, Okan Ersoy, and Benito Fernandez, 1998 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Programming, Data Mining and Complex Systems, Volume 9, edited by Cihan H. Programming, Data Mining and Complex Systems, Volume 9, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, Joydeep Ghosh, Mark Embrechts and Okan Ersoy, 1999 Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, Joydeep Ghosh, Mark Embrechts and Okan Ersoy, 1999 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Programming, Data Mining and Complex Systems, Volume 10, edited by Cihan H. Programming, Data Mining and Complex Systems, Volume 10, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, Joydeep Ghosh, Mark Embrechts, Okan Ersoy and Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, Joydeep Ghosh, Mark Embrechts, Okan Ersoy and Stephen Kercel, 2000 Stephen Kercel, 2000 Downloaded From: http://ebooks.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on 01/28/2016 Terms of Use: http://www.asme.org/about-asme/terms-of-use Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Programming, Data Mining and Complex Systems, Volume 11, edited by Cihan H. Programming, Data Mining and Complex Systems, Volume 11, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, Joydeep Ghosh, Mark Embrechts, Okan Ersoy and Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, Joydeep Ghosh, Mark Embrechts, Okan Ersoy and Stephen Kercel, 2001 Stephen Kercel, 2001 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Programming, Complex Systems and Artificial Life, Volume 12, edited by Cihan H. Programming, Complex Systems and Artificial Life, Volume 12, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, Joydeep Ghosh, Mark Embrechts, Okan Ersoy and Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, Joydeep Ghosh, Mark Embrechts, Okan Ersoy and Stephen Kercel, 2002 Stephen Kercel, 2002 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Programming, Complex Systems, and Artificial Life, Volume 13, edited by Cihan H. Programming, Complex Systems, and Artificial Life, Volume 13, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, Joydeep Ghosh, Mark Embrechts, and Okan Ersoy, 2003 Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, Joydeep Ghosh, Mark Embrechts, and Okan Ersoy, 2003 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Evolutionary Programming, Complex Systems and Artificial Life, Volume 14, edited by Cihan H. Programming, Complex Systems and Artificial Life, Volume 14, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, David L. Enke, Mark Embrechts and Okan Ersoy, 2004 Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, David L. Enke, Mark Embrechts and Okan Ersoy, 2004 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Evolutionary Programming, Data Engineering System Design: Neural Networks, Evolutionary Programming, Data Mining, and Artificial Life, Volume 15, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, Mining, and Artificial Life, Volume 15, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, David L. Enke, Mark Embrechts, and Okan Ersoy, 2005 David L. Enke, Mark Embrechts, and Okan Ersoy, 2005 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Systems Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Systems Engineering: Infra-Structure Systems Engineering, Bio-Informatics and Engineering: Infra-Structure Systems Engineering, Bio-Informatics and Computational Biology, Evolutionary Computation, Volume 16, edited by Cihan H. Computational Biology, Evolutionary Computation, Volume 16, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, David L. Enke, Mark Embrechts, and Okan Ersoy, 2006 Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, David L. Enke, Mark Embrechts, and Okan Ersoy, 2006 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Systems Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Smart Systems Engineering: Computational Intelligence in Architecting Complex Engineering Engineering: Computational Intelligence in Architecting Complex Engineering Systems, Volume 17, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, David L. Enke, Systems, Volume 17, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, Anna L. Buczak, David L. Enke, Mark Embrechts, and Okan Ersoy, 2007 Mark Embrechts, and Okan Ersoy, 2007 Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Computational Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks: Computational Intelligence in Architecting Engineering Systems, Volume 18, edited by Cihan H. Intelligence in Architecting Engineering Systems, Volume 18, edited by Cihan H. Dagli, David L. Enke, K. Mark Bryden, Halil Ceylan, and Mitsuo Gen, 2008 Dagli, David L. Enke, K. Mark Bryden, Halil Ceylan, and Mitsuo Gen, 2008 Downloaded From: http://ebooks.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on 01/28/2016 Terms of Use: http://www.asme.org/about-asme/terms-of-use Downloaded From: http://ebooks.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on 01/28/2016 Terms of Use: http://www.asme.org/about-asme/terms-of-use COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN ARCHITECTING ENGINEERING SYSTEMS ARCHITECTING ENGINEERING SYSTEMS VOLUME 18 VOLUME 18 Proceedings of the Artificial Neural Networks in Engineering Conference Proceedings of the Artificial Neural Networks in Engineering Conference (ANNIE 2008) held November 9-12, 2008, in St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. (ANNIE 2008) held November 9-12, 2008, in St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. EDITORS EDITORS Cihan H. Dagli Cihan H. Dagli Missouri University of Science & Technology, Missouri Missouri University of Science & Technology, Missouri Rolla, Missouri Rolla, Missouri David L. Enke David L. Enke University of Tulsa, Oklahoma University of Tulsa, Oklahoma Tulsa, Oklahoma Tulsa, Oklahoma K. Mark Bryden K. Mark Bryden Iowa State University, Iowa Iowa State University, Iowa Ames, Iowa Ames, Iowa Halil Ceylan Halil Ceylan Iowa State University, Iowa Iowa State University, Iowa Ames, Iowa Ames, Iowa Mitsuo Gen Mitsuo Gen Waseda University, Japan Waseda University, Japan Fukuoka, Japan Fukuoka, Japan ASME PRESS NEW YORK 2008 ASME PRESS NEW YORK 2008 Downloaded From: http://ebooks.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on 01/28/2016 Terms of Use: http://www.asme.org/about-asme/terms-of-use © 2008 by ASME, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA ©©© 222000000788 bbbyyy AAASSSMMMEEE,,, TTThhhrrreeeeee PPPaaarrrkkk AAAvvveeennnuuueee,,, NNNeeewww YYYooorrrkkk,,, NNNYYY 111000000111666,,, UUUSSSAAA ©©© 222000000778 bbbyyy AAASSSMMMEEE,,, TTThhhrrreeeeee PPPaaarrrkkk AAAvvveeennnuuueee,,, NNNeeewww YYYooorrrkkk,,, NNNYYY 111000000111666,,, UUUSSSAAA © 2007 by ASME, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA www.asme.org wwwwwwwww...aaasssmmmeee...ooorrrggg wwwwwwwww...aaasssmmmeee...ooorrrggg www.asme.org All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as AAAllllll rrriiiggghhhtttsss rrreeessseeerrrvvveeeddd... PPPrrriiinnnttteeeddd iiinnn ttthhheee UUUnnniiittteeeddd SSStttaaattteeesss ooofff AAAmmmeeerrriiicccaaa... EEExxxccceeepppttt aaasss AAAllllll rrriiiggghhhtttsss rrreeessseeerrrvvveeeddd... PPPrrriiinnnttteeeddd iiinnn ttthhheee UUUnnniiittteeeddd SSStttaaattteeesss ooofff AAAmmmeeerrriiicccaaa... EEExxxccceeepppttt aaasss All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of pppeeerrrmmmiiitttttteeeddd uuunnndddeeerrr ttthhheee UUUnnniiittteeeddd SSStttaaattteeesss CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt AAAcccttt ooofff 111999777666,,, nnnooo pppaaarrrttt ooofff pppeeerrrmmmiiitttttteeeddd uuunnndddeeerrr ttthhheee UUUnnniiittteeeddd SSStttaaattteeesss CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt AAAcccttt ooofff 111999777666,,, nnnooo pppaaarrrttt ooofff permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by ttthhhiiisss pppuuubbbllliiicccaaatttiiiooonnn mmmaaayyy bbbeee rrreeeppprrroooddduuuccceeeddd ooorrr dddiiissstttrrriiibbbuuuttteeeddd iiinnn aaannnyyy fffooorrrmmm ooorrr bbbyyy ttthhhiiisss pppuuubbbllliiicccaaatttiiiooonnn mmmaaayyy bbbeee rrreeeppprrroooddduuuccceeeddd ooorrr dddiiissstttrrriiibbbuuuttteeeddd iiinnn aaannnyyy fffooorrrmmm ooorrr bbbyyy this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the aaannnyyy mmmeeeaaannnsss,,, ooorrr ssstttooorrreeeddd iiinnn aaa dddaaatttaaabbbaaassseee ooorrr rrreeetttrrriiieeevvvaaalll sssyyysssttteeemmm,,, wwwiiittthhhooouuuttt ttthhheee aaannnyyy mmmeeeaaannnsss,,, ooorrr ssstttooorrreeeddd iiinnn aaa dddaaatttaaabbbaaassseee ooorrr rrreeetttrrriiieeevvvaaalll sssyyysssttteeemmm,,, wwwiiittthhhooouuuttt ttthhheee any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ppprrriiiooorrr wwwrrriiitttttteeennn pppeeerrrmmmiiissssssiiiooonnn ooofff ttthhheee pppuuubbbllliiissshhheeerrr... ppprrriiiooorrr wwwrrriiitttttteeennn pppeeerrrmmmiiissssssiiiooonnn ooofff ttthhheee pppuuubbbllliiissshhheeerrr... prior written permission of the publisher. INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS WORK HAS BEEN OBTAINED BY IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN CCCOOONNNTTTAAAIIINNNEEEDDD IIINNN TTTHHHIIISSS WWWOOORRRKKK HHHAAASSS BBBEEEEEENNN OOOBBBTTTAAAIIINNNEEEDDD BBBYYY IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN CCCOOONNNTTTAAAIIINNNEEEDDD IIINNN TTTHHHIIISSS WWWOOORRRKKK HHHAAASSS BBBEEEEEENNN OOOBBBTTTAAAIIINNNEEEDDD BBBYYY INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS WORK HAS BEEN OBTAINED BY THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS FROM TTTHHHEEE AAAMMMEEERRRIIICCCAAANNN SSSOOOCCCIIIEEETTTYYY OOOFFF MMMEEECCCHHHAAANNNIIICCCAAALLL EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRSSS FFFRRROOOMMM TTTHHHEEE AAAMMMEEERRRIIICCCAAANNN SSSOOOCCCIIIEEETTTYYY OOOFFF MMMEEECCCHHHAAANNNIIICCCAAALLL EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRSSS FFFRRROOOMMM THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS FROM SOURCES BELIEVED TO BE RELIABLE. HOWEVER, NEITHER ASME SSSOOOUUURRRCCCEEESSS BBBEEELLLIIIEEEVVVEEEDDD TTTOOO BBBEEE RRREEELLLIIIAAABBBLLLEEE... HHHOOOWWWEEEVVVEEERRR,,, NNNEEEIIITTTHHHEEERRR AAASSSMMMEEE SSSOOOUUURRRCCCEEESSS BBBEEELLLIIIEEEVVVEEEDDD TTTOOO BBBEEE RRREEELLLIIIAAABBBLLLEEE... HHHOOOWWWEEEVVVEEERRR,,, NNNEEEIIITTTHHHEEERRR AAASSSMMMEEE SOURCES BELIEVED TO BE RELIABLE. HOWEVER, NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS OR EDITORS GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OR NNNOOORRR IIITTTSSS AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS OOORRR EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS GGGUUUAAARRRAAANNNTTTEEEEEE TTTHHHEEE AAACCCCCCUUURRRAAACCCYYY OOORRR NNNOOORRR IIITTTSSS AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS OOORRR EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS GGGUUUAAARRRAAANNNTTTEEEEEE TTTHHHEEE AAACCCCCCUUURRRAAACCCYYY OOORRR NOR ITS AUTHORS OR EDITORS GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY INFORMATION PUBLISHED IN THIS WORK. CCCOOOMMMPPPLLLEEETTTEEENNNEEESSSSSS OOOFFF AAANNNYYY IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN PPPUUUBBBLLLIIISSSHHHEEEDDD IIINNN TTTHHHIIISSS WWWOOORRRKKK... CCCOOOMMMPPPLLLEEETTTEEENNNEEESSSSSS OOOFFF AAANNNYYY IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN PPPUUUBBBLLLIIISSSHHHEEEDDD IIINNN TTTHHHIIISSS WWWOOORRRKKK... COMPLETENESS OF ANY INFORMATION PUBLISHED IN THIS WORK. NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS SHALL BE NNNEEEIIITTTHHHEEERRR AAASSSMMMEEE NNNOOORRR IIITTTSSS AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS AAANNNDDD EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS SSSHHHAAALLLLLL BBBEEE NNNEEEIIITTTHHHEEERRR AAASSSMMMEEE NNNOOORRR IIITTTSSS AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS AAANNNDDD EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS SSSHHHAAALLLLLL BBBEEE NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR DAMAGES RRREEESSSPPPOOONNNSSSIIIBBBLLLEEE FFFOOORRR AAANNNYYY EEERRRRRROOORRRSSS,,, OOOMMMIIISSSSSSIIIOOONNNSSS,,, OOORRR DDDAAAMMMAAAGGGEEESSS RRREEESSSPPPOOONNNSSSIIIBBBLLLEEE FFFOOORRR AAANNNYYY EEERRRRRROOORRRSSS,,, OOOMMMIIISSSSSSIIIOOONNNSSS,,, OOORRR DDDAAAMMMAAAGGGEEESSS RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. THE WORK IS AAARRRIIISSSIIINNNGGG OOOUUUTTT OOOFFF TTTHHHEEE UUUSSSEEE OOOFFF TTTHHHIIISSS IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN... TTTHHHEEE WWWOOORRRKKK IIISSS AAARRRIIISSSIIINNNGGG OOOUUUTTT OOOFFF TTTHHHEEE UUUSSSEEE OOOFFF TTTHHHIIISSS IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN... TTTHHHEEE WWWOOORRRKKK IIISSS ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. THE WORK IS PUBLISHED WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT ASME AND ITS PPPUUUBBBLLLIIISSSHHHEEEDDD WWWIIITTTHHH TTTHHHEEE UUUNNNDDDEEERRRSSSTTTAAANNNDDDIIINNNGGG TTTHHHAAATTT AAASSSMMMEEE AAANNNDDD IIITTTSSS PPPUUUBBBLLLIIISSSHHHEEEDDD WWWIIITTTHHH TTTHHHEEE UUUNNNDDDEEERRRSSSTTTAAANNNDDDIIINNNGGG TTTHHHAAATTT AAASSSMMMEEE AAANNNDDD IIITTTSSS PUBLISHED WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT ASME AND ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS ARE SUPPLYING INFORMATION BUT ARE AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS AAANNNDDD EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS AAARRREEE SSSUUUPPPPPPLLLYYYIIINNNGGG IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN BBBUUUTTT AAARRREEE AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS AAANNNDDD EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS AAARRREEE SSSUUUPPPPPPLLLYYYIIINNNGGG IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN BBBUUUTTT AAARRREEE AUTHORS AND EDITORS ARE SUPPLYING INFORMATION BUT ARE NOT ATTEMPTING TO RENDER ENGINEERING OR OTHER NNNOOOTTT AAATTTTTTEEEMMMPPPTTTIIINNNGGG TTTOOO RRREEENNNDDDEEERRR EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRIIINNNGGG OOORRR OOOTTTHHHEEERRR NNNOOOTTT AAATTTTTTEEEMMMPPPTTTIIINNNGGG TTTOOO RRREEENNNDDDEEERRR EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRIIINNNGGG OOORRR OOOTTTHHHEEERRR NOT ATTEMPTING TO RENDER ENGINEERING OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF SUCH ENGINEERING OR PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSEEERRRVVVIIICCCEEESSS... IIIFFF SSSUUUCCCHHH EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRIIINNNGGG OOORRR PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSEEERRRVVVIIICCCEEESSS... IIIFFF SSSUUUCCCHHH EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRIIINNNGGG OOORRR PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF SUCH ENGINEERING OR PROFESSIONAL SERVICES ARE REQUIRED, THE ASSISTANCE OF AN PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSEEERRRVVVIIICCCEEESSS AAARRREEE RRREEEQQQUUUIIIRRREEEDDD,,, TTTHHHEEE AAASSSSSSIIISSSTTTAAANNNCCCEEE OOOFFF AAANNN PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSEEERRRVVVIIICCCEEESSS AAARRREEE RRREEEQQQUUUIIIRRREEEDDD,,, TTTHHHEEE AAASSSSSSIIISSSTTTAAANNNCCCEEE OOOFFF AAANNN PROFESSIONAL SERVICES ARE REQUIRED, THE ASSISTANCE OF AN APPROPRIATE PROFESSIONAL SHOULD BE SOUGHT. AAAPPPPPPRRROOOPPPRRRIIIAAATTTEEE PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSHHHOOOUUULLLDDD BBBEEE SSSOOOUUUGGGHHHTTT... AAAPPPPPPRRROOOPPPRRRIIIAAATTTEEE PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSHHHOOOUUULLLDDD BBBEEE SSSOOOUUUGGGHHHTTT... APPROPRIATE PROFESSIONAL SHOULD BE SOUGHT. ASME shall not be responsible for statements or opinions advanced in AAASSSMMMEEE ssshhhaaallllll nnnooottt bbbeee rrreeessspppooonnnsssiiibbbllleee fffooorrr ssstttaaattteeemmmeeennntttsss ooorrr ooopppiiinnniiiooonnnsss aaadddvvvaaannnccceeeddd iiinnn AAASSSMMMEEE ssshhhaaallllll nnnooottt bbbeee rrreeessspppooonnnsssiiibbbllleee fffooorrr ssstttaaattteeemmmeeennntttsss ooorrr ooopppiiinnniiiooonnnsss aaadddvvvaaannnccceeeddd iiinnn ASME shall not be responsible for statements or opinions advanced in papers or . . . printed in its publications (B7.1.3). Statement from the pppaaapppeeerrrsss ooorrr ... ... ... ppprrriiinnnttteeeddd iiinnn iiitttsss pppuuubbbllliiicccaaatttiiiooonnnsss (((BBB777...111...333)))... SSStttaaattteeemmmeeennnttt fffrrrooommm ttthhheee pppaaapppeeerrrsss ooorrr ... ... ... ppprrriiinnnttteeeddd iiinnn iiitttsss pppuuubbbllliiicccaaatttiiiooonnnsss (((BBB777...111...333)))... SSStttaaattteeemmmeeennnttt fffrrrooommm ttthhheee papers or . . . printed in its publications (B7.1.3). Statement from the Bylaws. BBByyylllaaawwwsss... BBByyylllaaawwwsss... Bylaws. For authorization to photocopy material for internal or personal use FFFooorrr aaauuuttthhhooorrriiizzzaaatttiiiooonnn tttooo ppphhhoootttooocccooopppyyy mmmaaattteeerrriiiaaalll fffooorrr iiinnnttteeerrrnnnaaalll ooorrr pppeeerrrsssooonnnaaalll uuussseee FFFooorrr aaauuuttthhhooorrriiizzzaaatttiiiooonnn tttooo ppphhhoootttooocccooopppyyy mmmaaattteeerrriiiaaalll fffooorrr iiinnnttteeerrrnnnaaalll ooorrr pppeeerrrsssooonnnaaalll uuussseee For authorization to photocopy material for internal or personal use under those circumstances not falling within the fair use provisions of uuunnndddeeerrr ttthhhooossseee ccciiirrrcccuuummmssstttaaannnccceeesss nnnooottt fffaaalllllliiinnnggg wwwiiittthhhiiinnn ttthhheee fffaaaiiirrr uuussseee ppprrrooovvviiisssiiiooonnnsss ooofff uuunnndddeeerrr ttthhhooossseee ccciiirrrcccuuummmssstttaaannnccceeesss nnnooottt fffaaalllllliiinnnggg wwwiiittthhhiiinnn ttthhheee fffaaaiiirrr uuussseee ppprrrooovvviiisssiiiooonnnsss ooofff under those circumstances not falling within the fair use provisions of the Copyright Act, contact the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 ttthhheee CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt AAAcccttt,,, cccooonnntttaaacccttt ttthhheee CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt CCCllleeeaaarrraaannnccceee CCCeeennnttteeerrr (((CCCCCCCCC))),,, 222222222 ttthhheee CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt AAAcccttt,,, cccooonnntttaaacccttt ttthhheee CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt CCCllleeeaaarrraaannnccceee CCCeeennnttteeerrr (((CCCCCCCCC))),,, 222222222 the Copyright Act, contact the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: 978-750-8400, RRRooossseeewwwooooooddd DDDrrriiivvveee,,, DDDaaannnvvveeerrrsss,,, MMMAAA 000111999222333,,, ttteeelll::: 999777888---777555000---888444000000,,, RRRooossseeewwwooooooddd DDDrrriiivvveee,,, DDDaaannnvvveeerrrsss,,, MMMAAA 000111999222333,,, ttteeelll::: 999777888---777555000---888444000000,,, Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: 978-750-8400, www.copyright.com. wwwwwwwww...cccooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt...cccooommm... wwwwwwwww...cccooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt...cccooommm... www.copyright.com. Requests for special permission or bulk reproduction should be addressed to RRReeeqqquuueeessstttsss fffooorrr ssspppeeeccciiiaaalll pppeeerrrmmmiiissssssiiiooonnn ooorrr bbbuuulllkkk rrreeeppprrroooddduuuccctttiiiooonnn ssshhhooouuulllddd bbbeee aaaddddddrrreeesssssseeeddd tttooo RRReeeqqquuueeessstttsss fffooorrr ssspppeeeccciiiaaalll pppeeerrrmmmiiissssssiiiooonnn ooorrr bbbuuulllkkk rrreeeppprrroooddduuuccctttiiiooonnn ssshhhooouuulllddd bbbeee aaaddddddrrreeesssssseeeddd tttooo Requests for special permission or bulk reproduction should be addressed to the ASME Publishing Department ttthhheee AAASSSMMMEEE PPPuuubbbllliiissshhhiiinnnggg DDDeeepppaaarrrtttmmmeeennnttt ttthhheee AAASSSMMMEEE PPPuuubbbllliiissshhhiiinnnggg DDDeeepppaaarrrtttmmmeeennnttt the ASME Publishing Department Library of Congress 92-30949 LLLiiibbbrrraaarrryyy ooofff CCCooonnngggrrreeessssss 999222---333000999444999 LLLiiibbbrrraaarrryyy ooofff CCCooonnngggrrreeessssss 999222---333000999444999 Library of Congress 92-30949 ISBN: 978-0-7918-0282-3 IIISSSBBBNNN::: 099-777889--1008--77-0992116885--00-522 8822--33 IIISSSBBBNNN::: 009--777899-11088-7--00922166855-0--552 82-3 ISBN: 0-7918-0265-5 ASME Order No. 802823 AAASSSMMMEEE OOOrrrdddeeerrr NNNooo... 888000222886225335 AAASSSMMMEEE OOOrrrdddeeerrr NNNooo... 888000222668552553 ASME Order No. 802655 Downloaded From: http://ebooks.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on 01/28/2016 Terms of Use: http://www.asme.org/about-asme/terms-of-use © 2007 by ASME, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA ©©© 222000000777 bbbyyy AAASSSMMMEEE,,, TTThhhrrreeeeee PPPaaarrrkkk AAAvvveeennnuuueee,,, NNNeeewww YYYooorrrkkk,,, NNNYYY 111000000111666,,, UUUSSSAAA ©©© 222000000777 bbbyyy AAASSSMMMEEE,,, TTThhhrrreeeeee PPPaaarrrkkk AAAvvveeennnuuueee,,, NNNeeewww YYYooorrrkkk,,, NNNYYY 111000000111666,,, UUUSSSAAA © 2007 by ASME, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA www.asme.org wwwwwwwww...aaasssmmmeee...ooorrrggg wwwwwwwww...aaasssmmmeee...ooorrrggg www.asme.org All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as AAAllllll rrriiiggghhhtttsss rrreeessseeerrrvvveeeddd... PPPrrriiinnnttteeeddd iiinnn ttthhheee UUUnnniiittteeeddd SSStttaaattteeesss ooofff AAAmmmeeerrriiicccaaa... EEExxxccceeepppttt aaasss AAAllllll rrriiiggghhhtttsss rrreeessseeerrrvvveeeddd... PPPrrriiinnnttteeeddd iiinnn ttthhheee UUUnnniiittteeeddd SSStttaaattteeesss ooofff AAAmmmeeerrriiicccaaa... EEExxxccceeepppttt aaasss All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of pppeeerrrmmmiiitttttteeeddd uuunnndddeeerrr ttthhheee UUUnnniiittteeeddd SSStttaaattteeesss CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt AAAcccttt ooofff 111999777666,,, nnnooo pppaaarrrttt ooofff pppeeerrrmmmiiitttttteeeddd uuunnndddeeerrr ttthhheee UUUnnniiittteeeddd SSStttaaattteeesss CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt AAAcccttt ooofff 111999777666,,, nnnooo pppaaarrrttt ooofff permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by ttthhhiiisss pppuuubbbllliiicccaaatttiiiooonnn mmmaaayyy bbbeee rrreeeppprrroooddduuuccceeeddd ooorrr dddiiissstttrrriiibbbuuuttteeeddd iiinnn aaannnyyy fffooorrrmmm ooorrr bbbyyy ttthhhiiisss pppuuubbbllliiicccaaatttiiiooonnn mmmaaayyy bbbeee rrreeeppprrroooddduuuccceeeddd ooorrr dddiiissstttrrriiibbbuuuttteeeddd iiinnn aaannnyyy fffooorrrmmm ooorrr bbbyyy this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the aaannnyyy mmmeeeaaannnsss,,, ooorrr ssstttooorrreeeddd iiinnn aaa dddaaatttaaabbbaaassseee ooorrr rrreeetttrrriiieeevvvaaalll sssyyysssttteeemmm,,, wwwiiittthhhooouuuttt ttthhheee aaannnyyy mmmeeeaaannnsss,,, ooorrr ssstttooorrreeeddd iiinnn aaa dddaaatttaaabbbaaassseee ooorrr rrreeetttrrriiieeevvvaaalll sssyyysssttteeemmm,,, wwwiiittthhhooouuuttt ttthhheee any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ppprrriiiooorrr wwwrrriiitttttteeennn pppeeerrrmmmiiissssssiiiooonnn ooofff ttthhheee pppuuubbbllliiissshhheeerrr... ppprrriiiooorrr wwwrrriiitttttteeennn pppeeerrrmmmiiissssssiiiooonnn ooofff ttthhheee pppuuubbbllliiissshhheeerrr... prior written permission of the publisher. INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS WORK HAS BEEN OBTAINED BY IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN CCCOOONNNTTTAAAIIINNNEEEDDD IIINNN TTTHHHIIISSS WWWOOORRRKKK HHHAAASSS BBBEEEEEENNN OOOBBBTTTAAAIIINNNEEEDDD BBBYYY IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN CCCOOONNNTTTAAAIIINNNEEEDDD IIINNN TTTHHHIIISSS WWWOOORRRKKK HHHAAASSS BBBEEEEEENNN OOOBBBTTTAAAIIINNNEEEDDD BBBYYY INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS WORK HAS BEEN OBTAINED BY THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS FROM TTTHHHEEE AAAMMMEEERRRIIICCCAAANNN SSSOOOCCCIIIEEETTTYYY OOOFFF MMMEEECCCHHHAAANNNIIICCCAAALLL EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRSSS FFFRRROOOMMM TTTHHHEEE AAAMMMEEERRRIIICCCAAANNN SSSOOOCCCIIIEEETTTYYY OOOFFF MMMEEECCCHHHAAANNNIIICCCAAALLL EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRSSS FFFRRROOOMMM THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS FROM SOURCES BELIEVED TO BE RELIABLE. HOWEVER, NEITHER ASME SSSOOOUUURRRCCCEEESSS BBBEEELLLIIIEEEVVVEEEDDD TTTOOO BBBEEE RRREEELLLIIIAAABBBLLLEEE... HHHOOOWWWEEEVVVEEERRR,,, NNNEEEIIITTTHHHEEERRR AAASSSMMMEEE SSSOOOUUURRRCCCEEESSS BBBEEELLLIIIEEEVVVEEEDDD TTTOOO BBBEEE RRREEELLLIIIAAABBBLLLEEE... HHHOOOWWWEEEVVVEEERRR,,, NNNEEEIIITTTHHHEEERRR AAASSSMMMEEE SOURCES BELIEVED TO BE RELIABLE. HOWEVER, NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS OR EDITORS GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OR NNNOOORRR IIITTTSSS AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS OOORRR EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS GGGUUUAAARRRAAANNNTTTEEEEEE TTTHHHEEE AAACCCCCCUUURRRAAACCCYYY OOORRR NNNOOORRR IIITTTSSS AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS OOORRR EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS GGGUUUAAARRRAAANNNTTTEEEEEE TTTHHHEEE AAACCCCCCUUURRRAAACCCYYY OOORRR NOR ITS AUTHORS OR EDITORS GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY INFORMATION PUBLISHED IN THIS WORK. CCCOOOMMMPPPLLLEEETTTEEENNNEEESSSSSS OOOFFF AAANNNYYY IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN PPPUUUBBBLLLIIISSSHHHEEEDDD IIINNN TTTHHHIIISSS WWWOOORRRKKK... CCCOOOMMMPPPLLLEEETTTEEENNNEEESSSSSS OOOFFF AAANNNYYY IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN PPPUUUBBBLLLIIISSSHHHEEEDDD IIINNN TTTHHHIIISSS WWWOOORRRKKK... COMPLETENESS OF ANY INFORMATION PUBLISHED IN THIS WORK. NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS SHALL BE NNNEEEIIITTTHHHEEERRR AAASSSMMMEEE NNNOOORRR IIITTTSSS AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS AAANNNDDD EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS SSSHHHAAALLLLLL BBBEEE NNNEEEIIITTTHHHEEERRR AAASSSMMMEEE NNNOOORRR IIITTTSSS AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS AAANNNDDD EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS SSSHHHAAALLLLLL BBBEEE NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR DAMAGES RRREEESSSPPPOOONNNSSSIIIBBBLLLEEE FFFOOORRR AAANNNYYY EEERRRRRROOORRRSSS,,, OOOMMMIIISSSSSSIIIOOONNNSSS,,, OOORRR DDDAAAMMMAAAGGGEEESSS RRREEESSSPPPOOONNNSSSIIIBBBLLLEEE FFFOOORRR AAANNNYYY EEERRRRRROOORRRSSS,,, OOOMMMIIISSSSSSIIIOOONNNSSS,,, OOORRR DDDAAAMMMAAAGGGEEESSS RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. THE WORK IS AAARRRIIISSSIIINNNGGG OOOUUUTTT OOOFFF TTTHHHEEE UUUSSSEEE OOOFFF TTTHHHIIISSS IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN... TTTHHHEEE WWWOOORRRKKK IIISSS AAARRRIIISSSIIINNNGGG OOOUUUTTT OOOFFF TTTHHHEEE UUUSSSEEE OOOFFF TTTHHHIIISSS IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN... TTTHHHEEE WWWOOORRRKKK IIISSS ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. THE WORK IS PUBLISHED WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT ASME AND ITS PPPUUUBBBLLLIIISSSHHHEEEDDD WWWIIITTTHHH TTTHHHEEE UUUNNNDDDEEERRRSSSTTTAAANNNDDDIIINNNGGG TTTHHHAAATTT AAASSSMMMEEE AAANNNDDD IIITTTSSS PPPUUUBBBLLLIIISSSHHHEEEDDD WWWIIITTTHHH TTTHHHEEE UUUNNNDDDEEERRRSSSTTTAAANNNDDDIIINNNGGG TTTHHHAAATTT AAASSSMMMEEE AAANNNDDD IIITTTSSS PUBLISHED WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT ASME AND ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS ARE SUPPLYING INFORMATION BUT ARE AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS AAANNNDDD EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS AAARRREEE SSSUUUPPPPPPLLLYYYIIINNNGGG IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN BBBUUUTTT AAARRREEE AAAUUUTTTHHHOOORRRSSS AAANNNDDD EEEDDDIIITTTOOORRRSSS AAARRREEE SSSUUUPPPPPPLLLYYYIIINNNGGG IIINNNFFFOOORRRMMMAAATTTIIIOOONNN BBBUUUTTT AAARRREEE AUTHORS AND EDITORS ARE SUPPLYING INFORMATION BUT ARE NOT ATTEMPTING TO RENDER ENGINEERING OR OTHER NNNOOOTTT AAATTTTTTEEEMMMPPPTTTIIINNNGGG TTTOOO RRREEENNNDDDEEERRR EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRIIINNNGGG OOORRR OOOTTTHHHEEERRR NNNOOOTTT AAATTTTTTEEEMMMPPPTTTIIINNNGGG TTTOOO RRREEENNNDDDEEERRR EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRIIINNNGGG OOORRR OOOTTTHHHEEERRR NOT ATTEMPTING TO RENDER ENGINEERING OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF SUCH ENGINEERING OR PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSEEERRRVVVIIICCCEEESSS... IIIFFF SSSUUUCCCHHH EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRIIINNNGGG OOORRR PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSEEERRRVVVIIICCCEEESSS... IIIFFF SSSUUUCCCHHH EEENNNGGGIIINNNEEEEEERRRIIINNNGGG OOORRR PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF SUCH ENGINEERING OR PROFESSIONAL SERVICES ARE REQUIRED, THE ASSISTANCE OF AN PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSEEERRRVVVIIICCCEEESSS AAARRREEE RRREEEQQQUUUIIIRRREEEDDD,,, TTTHHHEEE AAASSSSSSIIISSSTTTAAANNNCCCEEE OOOFFF AAANNN PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSEEERRRVVVIIICCCEEESSS AAARRREEE RRREEEQQQUUUIIIRRREEEDDD,,, TTTHHHEEE AAASSSSSSIIISSSTTTAAANNNCCCEEE OOOFFF AAANNN PROFESSIONAL SERVICES ARE REQUIRED, THE ASSISTANCE OF AN APPROPRIATE PROFESSIONAL SHOULD BE SOUGHT. AAAPPPPPPRRROOOPPPRRRIIIAAATTTEEE PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSHHHOOOUUULLLDDD BBBEEE SSSOOOUUUGGGHHHTTT... AAAPPPPPPRRROOOPPPRRRIIIAAATTTEEE PPPRRROOOFFFEEESSSSSSIIIOOONNNAAALLL SSSHHHOOOUUULLLDDD BBBEEE SSSOOOUUUGGGHHHTTT... APPROPRIATE PROFESSIONAL SHOULD BE SOUGHT. ASME shall not be responsible for statements or opinions advanced in AAASSSMMMEEE ssshhhaaallllll nnnooottt bbbeee rrreeessspppooonnnsssiiibbbllleee fffooorrr ssstttaaattteeemmmeeennntttsss ooorrr ooopppiiinnniiiooonnnsss aaadddvvvaaannnccceeeddd iiinnn AAASSSMMMEEE ssshhhaaallllll nnnooottt bbbeee rrreeessspppooonnnsssiiibbbllleee fffooorrr ssstttaaattteeemmmeeennntttsss ooorrr ooopppiiinnniiiooonnnsss aaadddvvvaaannnccceeeddd iiinnn ASME shall not be responsible for statements or opinions advanced in papers or . . . printed in its publications (B7.1.3). Statement from the pppaaapppeeerrrsss ooorrr ... ... ... ppprrriiinnnttteeeddd iiinnn iiitttsss pppuuubbbllliiicccaaatttiiiooonnnsss (((BBB777...111...333)))... SSStttaaattteeemmmeeennnttt fffrrrooommm ttthhheee pppaaapppeeerrrsss ooorrr ... ... ... ppprrriiinnnttteeeddd iiinnn iiitttsss pppuuubbbllliiicccaaatttiiiooonnnsss (((BBB777...111...333)))... SSStttaaattteeemmmeeennnttt fffrrrooommm ttthhheee papers or . . . printed in its publications (B7.1.3). Statement from the Bylaws. BBByyylllaaawwwsss... BBByyylllaaawwwsss... Bylaws. For authorization to photocopy material for internal or personal use FFFooorrr aaauuuttthhhooorrriiizzzaaatttiiiooonnn tttooo ppphhhoootttooocccooopppyyy mmmaaattteeerrriiiaaalll fffooorrr iiinnnttteeerrrnnnaaalll ooorrr pppeeerrrsssooonnnaaalll uuussseee FFFooorrr aaauuuttthhhooorrriiizzzaaatttiiiooonnn tttooo ppphhhoootttooocccooopppyyy mmmaaattteeerrriiiaaalll fffooorrr iiinnnttteeerrrnnnaaalll ooorrr pppeeerrrsssooonnnaaalll uuussseee For authorization to photocopy material for internal or personal use under those circumstances not falling within the fair use provisions of uuunnndddeeerrr ttthhhooossseee ccciiirrrcccuuummmssstttaaannnccceeesss nnnooottt fffaaalllllliiinnnggg wwwiiittthhhiiinnn ttthhheee fffaaaiiirrr uuussseee ppprrrooovvviiisssiiiooonnnsss ooofff uuunnndddeeerrr ttthhhooossseee ccciiirrrcccuuummmssstttaaannnccceeesss nnnooottt fffaaalllllliiinnnggg wwwiiittthhhiiinnn ttthhheee fffaaaiiirrr uuussseee ppprrrooovvviiisssiiiooonnnsss ooofff under those circumstances not falling within the fair use provisions of the Copyright Act, contact the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 ttthhheee CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt AAAcccttt,,, cccooonnntttaaacccttt ttthhheee CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt CCCllleeeaaarrraaannnccceee CCCeeennnttteeerrr (((CCCCCCCCC))),,, 222222222 ttthhheee CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt AAAcccttt,,, cccooonnntttaaacccttt ttthhheee CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt CCCllleeeaaarrraaannnccceee CCCeeennnttteeerrr (((CCCCCCCCC))),,, 222222222 the Copyright Act, contact the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: 978-750-8400, RRRooossseeewwwooooooddd DDDrrriiivvveee,,, DDDaaannnvvveeerrrsss,,, MMMAAA 000111999222333,,, ttteeelll::: 999777888---777555000---888444000000,,, RRRooossseeewwwooooooddd DDDrrriiivvveee,,, DDDaaannnvvveeerrrsss,,, MMMAAA 000111999222333,,, ttteeelll::: 999777888---777555000---888444000000,,, Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: 978-750-8400, www.copyright.com. wwwwwwwww...cccooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt...cccooommm... wwwwwwwww...cccooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt...cccooommm... www.copyright.com. Requests for special permission or bulk reproduction should be addressed to RRReeeqqquuueeessstttsss fffooorrr ssspppeeeccciiiaaalll pppeeerrrmmmiiissssssiiiooonnn ooorrr bbbuuulllkkk rrreeeppprrroooddduuuccctttiiiooonnn ssshhhooouuulllddd bbbeee aaaddddddrrreeesssssseeeddd tttooo RRReeeqqquuueeessstttsss fffooorrr ssspppeeeccciiiaaalll pppeeerrrmmmiiissssssiiiooonnn ooorrr bbbuuulllkkk rrreeeppprrroooddduuuccctttiiiooonnn ssshhhooouuulllddd bbbeee aaaddddddrrreeesssssseeeddd tttooo Requests for special permission or bulk reproduction should be addressed to the ASME Publishing Department ttthhheee AAASSSMMMEEE PPPuuubbbllliiissshhhiiinnnggg DDDeeepppaaarrrtttmmmeeennnttt ttthhheee AAASSSMMMEEE PPPuuubbbllliiissshhhiiinnnggg DDDeeepppaaarrrtttmmmeeennnttt the ASME Publishing Department Library of Congress 92-30949 LLLiiibbbrrraaarrryyy ooofff CCCooonnngggrrreeessssss 999222---333000999444999 LLLiiibbbrrraaarrryyy ooofff CCCooonnngggrrreeessssss 999222---333000999444999 Library of Congress 92-30949 ISBN: 0-7918-0265-5 IIISSSBBBNNN::: 000---777999111888---000222666555---555 IIISSSBBBNNN::: 000---777999111888---000222666555---555 ISBN: 0-7918-0265-5 ASME Order No. 802655 AAASSSMMMEEE OOOrrrdddeeerrr NNNooo... 888000222666555555 AAASSSMMMEEE OOOrrrdddeeerrr NNNooo... 888000222666555555 ASME Order No. 802655 vii vii Contents Contents Preface Preface Part I: Architecting and Engineering Complex Systems 1 Part I: Architecting and Engineering Complex Systems 1 Fast Multiagent Learning: Cashing in on Team Knowledge 3 Fast Multiagent Learning: Cashing in on Team Knowledge 3 Newsha Khani, Kagan Tumer Newsha Khani, Kagan Tumer A Neuro-evolutionary Approach to Micro Aerial Vehicle Control 11 A Neuro-evolutionary Approach to Micro Aerial Vehicle Control 11 Max Salichon, Kagan Tumer Max Salichon, Kagan Tumer Optimization of Sensor/Neuro-Controller Pairings for Effective Navigation 19 Optimization of Sensor/Neuro-Controller Pairings for Effective Navigation 19 Jaime Junell, Matt Knudson, Kagan Tumer Jaime Junell, Matt Knudson, Kagan Tumer Neuro-Evolutionary Navigation for Resource-Limited Mobile Robots 27 Neuro-Evolutionary Navigation for Resource-Limited Mobile Robots 27 Matt Knudson, Kagan Tumer Matt Knudson, Kagan Tumer Extending Graph Based Evolutionary Algorithms with Novel Graphs 35 Extending Graph Based Evolutionary Algorithms with Novel Graphs 35 Steven M. Corns, Robert P. Taylor Steven M. Corns, Robert P. Taylor Daniel A. Ashlock, K. Mark Bryden Daniel A. Ashlock, K. Mark Bryden Optimum Architecture Development Using Evolutionary Programming 45 Optimum Architecture Development Using Evolutionary Programming 45 Renzhong Wang, Cihan H. Dagli Renzhong Wang, Cihan H. Dagli A Genetic Algorithm On A Scale-Free Network 53 A Genetic Algorithm On A Scale-Free Network 53 David L. Hibler David L. Hibler Immune Algorithms with Rearrangement 61 Immune Algorithms with Rearrangement 61 Makihiko Sato, Masako Ogasawara Makihiko Sato, Masako Ogasawara Smart Control for Collective Agents by Adaptive Strategic Mechanism 67 Smart Control for Collective Agents by Adaptive Strategic Mechanism 67 Masahiro Kinoshita, Takashi Kawakami, Takafumi Oohori Masahiro Kinoshita, Takashi Kawakami, Takafumi Oohori Agents-Based Information Fusion 73 Agents-Based Information Fusion 73 E. V. Krishnamurthy, V. K. Murthy E. V. Krishnamurthy, V. K. Murthy Distributed Multi-Agents for Simulation of Complex Systems 81 Distributed Multi-Agents for Simulation of Complex Systems 81 V. K. Murthy, E. V. Krishnamurthy V. K. Murthy, E. V. Krishnamurthy Agents for Bio-Inspired Systems 89 Agents for Bio-Inspired Systems 89 V. K. Murthy, E. V. Krishnamurthy V. K. Murthy, E. V. Krishnamurthy Computing Algorithmic Complexity Using Advance Sampling Technique 97 Computing Algorithmic Complexity Using Advance Sampling Technique 97 Davoud Arasteh Davoud Arasteh Rate-½ Maximum Free Distance Convolutional Codes Complexity 105 Rate-½ Maximum Free Distance Convolutional Codes Complexity 105 Analysis with Chaos-Encrypted Data Analysis with Chaos-Encrypted Data Davoud Arasteh Davoud Arasteh Mobile Robot Navigation Control in Moving Obstacle Environment 113 Mobile Robot Navigation Control in Moving Obstacle Environment 113 Using A * Algorithm Using A * Algorithm Anupam Shukla, Ritu Tiwari, Rahul Kala Anupam Shukla, Ritu Tiwari, Rahul Kala Evolutionary Robotics Approach to Autonomous Task Allocation 121 Evolutionary Robotics Approach to Autonomous Task Allocation 121 For A Multi-Robot System For A Multi-Robot System Kazuhiro Ohkura, Yoshiyuki Matsumura Kazuhiro Ohkura, Yoshiyuki Matsumura Toshiyuki Yasuda, Tomoya Matsuda Toshiyuki Yasuda, Tomoya Matsuda Downloaded From: http://ebooks.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on 01/28/2016 Terms of Use: http://www.asme.org/about-asme/terms-of-use viii viii Part II: Infrastructure Systems 129 Part II: Infrastructure Systems 129 Active Learning with Kernel Machines for Tornado Detection 131 Active Learning with Kernel Machines for Tornado Detection 131 Indra Adrianto, Theodore B. Trafalis, Michael B. Richman Indra Adrianto, Theodore B. Trafalis, Michael B. Richman X-Ray Computed Tomography for Measurement of Fluid 139 X-Ray Computed Tomography for Measurement of Fluid 139 Transport Properties Transport Properties X. Liu, S. H. Anderson, R. P. Udawatta X. Liu, S. H. Anderson, R. P. Udawatta Spatial Analysis of CT-Measured Solute Pore-Water Velocity 147 Spatial Analysis of CT-Measured Solute Pore-Water Velocity 147 and Dispersivity and Dispersivity X. Liu, S. H. Anderson, R. P. Udawatta X. Liu, S. H. Anderson, R. P. Udawatta Optimizing Real-Time Transit Priority in Coordinated Traffic 155 Optimizing Real-Time Transit Priority in Coordinated Traffic 155 Networks with Genetic Algorithms Networks with Genetic Algorithms Mohammad Ghanim, Ghassan Abu-Lebdeh Mohammad Ghanim, Ghassan Abu-Lebdeh Francois Dion, Yacoub Najjar Francois Dion, Yacoub Najjar Neural Network and Genetic Programming in Pressure Loss 163 Neural Network and Genetic Programming in Pressure Loss 163 Estimation in Eccentric Pipe Flow Estimation in Eccentric Pipe Flow A.Murat Ozbayoglu, Zeynep Aydiner A.Murat Ozbayoglu, Zeynep Aydiner Cosku Kasnakoglu, M. Evren Ozbayoglu Cosku Kasnakoglu, M. Evren Ozbayoglu Fractal Analysis of CT-Measured Solute Transport Parameters 171 Fractal Analysis of CT-Measured Solute Transport Parameters 171 X. Liu, S. H. Anderson, R. P. Udawatta X. Liu, S. H. Anderson, R. P. Udawatta Characterization of a Perchlorate Contaminated Site 179 Characterization of a Perchlorate Contaminated Site 179 Yacoub Najjar, Sam Mryyan Yacoub Najjar, Sam Mryyan Application of Adaptive Grayscale Morphological Operators 187 Application of Adaptive Grayscale Morphological Operators 187 For Image Analysis For Image Analysis S. H. Anderson, Z. Cheng, R. P. Udawatta S. H. Anderson, Z. Cheng, R. P. Udawatta Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and 195 Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and 195 Driving Time Restrictions Driving Time Restrictions Xiaozhe Yang, Gürsel A. Süer Xiaozhe Yang, Gürsel A. Süer A Pipeline Support Vector Regression Method to Thin Large 203 A Pipeline Support Vector Regression Method to Thin Large 203 Ocean Surface Wind Data On-Line Ocean Surface Wind Data On-Line Hicham Mansouri, Michael B. Richman Hicham Mansouri, Michael B. Richman Theodore B. Trafalis, Lance M. Leslie Theodore B. Trafalis, Lance M. Leslie Identifying Climate Teleconnection Signatures by Data Feature 211 Identifying Climate Teleconnection Signatures by Data Feature 211 Extraction through Wavelet Spectral Decomposition Extraction through Wavelet Spectral Decomposition Richard T. Gordon, Allison Gehrke Richard T. Gordon, Allison Gehrke Part III: Bio-Informatics 219 Part III: Bio-Informatics 219 An Application of a New Hybrid For Feature Selection Using 221 An Application of a New Hybrid For Feature Selection Using 221 Colorectal Cancer Microarray Data Colorectal Cancer Microarray Data Alda Mizaku, Walker H. Land, John J. Heine Alda Mizaku, Walker H. Land, John J. Heine Steven A. Eschrich, Thomas D. Raway, Timothy J. Yeatman Steven A. Eschrich, Thomas D. Raway, Timothy J. Yeatman Colorectal Cancer Prognosis in Gene Expression Data 229 Colorectal Cancer Prognosis in Gene Expression Data 229 Walker H. Land Jr., John J. Heine, Steven A. Eschrich Walker H. Land Jr., John J. Heine, Steven A. Eschrich Thomas D. Raway, Alda Mizaku, Timothy J. Yeatman Thomas D. Raway, Alda Mizaku, Timothy J. Yeatman A Conceptual Hierarchy-Based Approach for the Extraction of 237 A Conceptual Hierarchy-Based Approach for the Extraction of 237 Medical Knowledge in Psychiatric Diseases Medical Knowledge in Psychiatric Diseases Sang C. Suh, Nagendra Babu Pabbisetty Sang C. Suh, Nagendra Babu Pabbisetty Downloaded From: http://ebooks.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on 01/28/2016 Terms of Use: http://www.asme.org/about-asme/terms-of-use ix ix Comparing Performance of Back Propagation Networks 245 Comparing Performance of Back Propagation Networks 245 and Support Vector Machines in Detecting Disease Outbreaks and Support Vector Machines in Detecting Disease Outbreaks El Sayed Mahmoud, David Calvert El Sayed Mahmoud, David Calvert Replacing a Mixture of Experts with a New GRNN Oracle as a Solution 253 Replacing a Mixture of Experts with a New GRNN Oracle as a Solution 253 of the Complex Adaptive System for the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer of the Complex Adaptive System for the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Walker H. Land, John J. Heine, Timothy Masters Walker H. Land, John J. Heine, Timothy Masters Alda Mizaku, Thomas D. Raway, Joseph Lo Alda Mizaku, Thomas D. Raway, Joseph Lo Kristie A. Shirreffs Kristie A. Shirreffs Modeling, Simulating, and Synthesizing of Simplified Kidney Function 261 Modeling, Simulating, and Synthesizing of Simplified Kidney Function 261 Mohammad Z. Albanna, Nazeih M. Botros Mohammad Z. Albanna, Nazeih M. Botros Generating Synthetic Electrocardiogram Signals with Controlled 269 Generating Synthetic Electrocardiogram Signals with Controlled 269 Temporal and Spectral Characteristics Temporal and Spectral Characteristics Natacha Gueorguieva, Iren Valova, Benjumin Hui Natacha Gueorguieva, Iren Valova, Benjumin Hui Facial Image Based Mood Recognition Using Committee 277 Facial Image Based Mood Recognition Using Committee 277 Neural Networks Neural Networks Narender P. Reddy, Saket S. Kulkarni, S. I. Hariharan Narender P. Reddy, Saket S. Kulkarni, S. I. Hariharan Exon Prediction: A Neural Network Approach 285 Exon Prediction: A Neural Network Approach 285 Amy Y. Tai, Nelson W. Daniel, Jr. Amy Y. Tai, Nelson W. Daniel, Jr. Dynamic Control Strategy of a Biped Inspired From Human Walking 293 Dynamic Control Strategy of a Biped Inspired From Human Walking 293 Hayssam Serhan, Chaiban Nasr, Hayssam Serhan, Chaiban Nasr, Patrick Henaff, Fethi Ouezdou Patrick Henaff, Fethi Ouezdou Neural Network Approach to Classify Automatically the 301 Neural Network Approach to Classify Automatically the 301 Placental Tissues Development: MLP and RBF Placental Tissues Development: MLP and RBF Mohammad Ayache, Mohamad Khalil, Francois Tranquart Mohammad Ayache, Mohamad Khalil, Francois Tranquart Cell Collisions and Aggregations in a Multicellular Wound-Healing 309 Cell Collisions and Aggregations in a Multicellular Wound-Healing 309 Environment – Simulation Results Environment – Simulation Results Belgacem Ben Youssef, Lenny Tang Belgacem Ben Youssef, Lenny Tang Automation of an NSP-Based (Negative Selection Pattern) Gene 319 Automation of an NSP-Based (Negative Selection Pattern) Gene 319 Family Identification Strategy Family Identification Strategy Cyriac Kandoth, Ronald L. Frank, Fikret Ercal Cyriac Kandoth, Ronald L. Frank, Fikret Ercal Analysis of Non-Linear Biomedical Photoplethysmographic Signals 327 Analysis of Non-Linear Biomedical Photoplethysmographic Signals 327 By Using a Continuous Wavelet Transformation By Using a Continuous Wavelet Transformation Jens Kraitl, Hartmut Ewald Jens Kraitl, Hartmut Ewald Part IV: Evolutionary Computation 335 Part IV: Evolutionary Computation 335 GA-based Method for Optimal Cross Section Design of Lunette Eye 337 GA-based Method for Optimal Cross Section Design of Lunette Eye 337 Takao Yokota, Shozo Wada, Takeaki Taguchi Takao Yokota, Shozo Wada, Takeaki Taguchi Hybrid GA/IA Method for Multiobjective Nonlinear Integer 345 Hybrid GA/IA Method for Multiobjective Nonlinear Integer 345 Programming Problems Programming Problems Takeaki Taguchi, Takao Yokota Takeaki Taguchi, Takao Yokota Communication Network Design with Network Reliability and Qos 353 Communication Network Design with Network Reliability and Qos 353 Improvement by Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm Improvement by Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm Lin Lin, Xinchang Hao, Mitsuo Gen Lin Lin, Xinchang Hao, Mitsuo Gen A Novel Approach to Assembly Line Balancing Problem Using a 359 A Novel Approach to Assembly Line Balancing Problem Using a 359 Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm Wenqiang Zhang, Mitsuo Gen, Lin Lin Wenqiang Zhang, Mitsuo Gen, Lin Lin Downloaded From: http://ebooks.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on 01/28/2016 Terms of Use: http://www.asme.org/about-asme/terms-of-use x x A Parameter Free Genetic Algorithm for a Multiobjective 365 A Parameter Free Genetic Algorithm for a Multiobjective 365 Network Design Problem Network Design Problem Yosuke Kimura, Mitsuo Gen, Kenichi Ida Yosuke Kimura, Mitsuo Gen, Kenichi Ida A RTP Packet’s Sequence Problem on VOIP Using Hybrid 373 A RTP Packet’s Sequence Problem on VOIP Using Hybrid 373 Genetic Algorithm Genetic Algorithm Juno Song, Lin Lin, Mitsuo Gen Juno Song, Lin Lin, Mitsuo Gen Genetic Local Search Method for Re-Entrant Flow Shop Problem 381 Genetic Local Search Method for Re-Entrant Flow Shop Problem 381 Kazumi Abe, Kenichi Ida Kazumi Abe, Kenichi Ida Hybrid Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm for Allocation Problem with 389 Hybrid Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm for Allocation Problem with 389 Human Resource Motivation Human Resource Motivation Kayoko Hirano, Seren Ozmehmet Tasan Kayoko Hirano, Seren Ozmehmet Tasan Mitsuo Gen, Takashi Oyabu Mitsuo Gen, Takashi Oyabu Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm for Reverse Logistics Network 397 Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm for Reverse Logistics Network 397 Problem Using Priority-based Encoding Problem Using Priority-based Encoding Jeong-Eun Lee, Mitsuo Gen, Kyong-gu Rhee Jeong-Eun Lee, Mitsuo Gen, Kyong-gu Rhee Random Key-Based Genetic Algorithm for Solving Resource 405 Random Key-Based Genetic Algorithm for Solving Resource 405 Constrained Project Scheduling Problem with Multiple Modes Constrained Project Scheduling Problem with Multiple Modes Ikutaro Okada, Seren Ozmehmet Tasan, Mitsuo Gen Ikutaro Okada, Seren Ozmehmet Tasan, Mitsuo Gen Study for Flexible Logistics Network Model with Inventory 413 Study for Flexible Logistics Network Model with Inventory 413 Shinichiro Ataka, Mitsuo Gen Shinichiro Ataka, Mitsuo Gen A Multistage Genetic Algorithm Approach for Solving Resource 421 A Multistage Genetic Algorithm Approach for Solving Resource 421 Constrained Multiple Project Scheduling Problems with Alternative Projects Constrained Multiple Project Scheduling Problems with Alternative Projects Seren Ozmehment Tasan, Mitsuo Gen Seren Ozmehment Tasan, Mitsuo Gen Optimization of Fermentation Media for Wine Lactic Acid 429 Optimization of Fermentation Media for Wine Lactic Acid 429 Bacteria Using ANN and GA Bacteria Using ANN and GA El Sayed Mahmoud, Deborah A. Stacey El Sayed Mahmoud, Deborah A. Stacey N. Terrade, R. Mira de Orduña N. Terrade, R. Mira de Orduña Sixteen Phase Code Design Using Modified Genetic Algorithm 437 Sixteen Phase Code Design Using Modified Genetic Algorithm 437 S. P. Singh, S. A. Muzeer, K. Subba Rao S. P. Singh, S. A. Muzeer, K. Subba Rao Color Image Segmentation Based on Ant Colony – FCM Hybrid Algorithm 445 Color Image Segmentation Based on Ant Colony – FCM Hybrid Algorithm 445 Zhiding Yu, Weiyu Yu, Ruobing Zou, Jing Tian Zhiding Yu, Weiyu Yu, Ruobing Zou, Jing Tian Part V: Data Mining and Machine Learning 453 Part V: Data Mining and Machine Learning 453 Kernel Logistic Regression Using Truncated Newton Method 455 Kernel Logistic Regression Using Truncated Newton Method 455 Maher Maalouf, Theodore B. Trafalis Maher Maalouf, Theodore B. Trafalis Interactive Clustering and Classification 463 Interactive Clustering and Classification 463 Qian Xia, Okan Ersoy, Qian Xia, Okan Ersoy, Mohit Tawarmalani, Herbert Moskowitz Mohit Tawarmalani, Herbert Moskowitz SYNNC: Symmetric Kernel Neural Network for Data Clustering 471 SYNNC: Symmetric Kernel Neural Network for Data Clustering 471 Iren Valova, George Georgiev, Natacha Gueorguieva Iren Valova, George Georgiev, Natacha Gueorguieva A Strategy for Minimizing the Processing Time of the Ainet 479 A Strategy for Minimizing the Processing Time of the Ainet 479 Algorithm in the Construction of Radial Basis Function Neural Networks Algorithm in the Construction of Radial Basis Function Neural Networks Luciano Frontino de Medeiros, Sandro Rautenberg Luciano Frontino de Medeiros, Sandro Rautenberg Rogério Cid Bastos, José Leomar Todesco Rogério Cid Bastos, José Leomar Todesco The Hopfield Neural Network with Predictive Hysteresis 485 The Hopfield Neural Network with Predictive Hysteresis 485 M. R. Sayeh, Ife Calmese M. R. Sayeh, Ife Calmese Downloaded From: http://ebooks.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on 01/28/2016 Terms of Use: http://www.asme.org/about-asme/terms-of-use

See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.