Comprehensive Review of Nursing for the NCLEX-RN

867 Pages·2016·27.07 MB·English

by  Nugent Patricia M.

Contents
Introduction for Students Preparing 11
Nursing Care of Clients with
for the NCLEX-RN® Examination, 1
Neuromusculoskeletal System Disorders, 197
12
UNIT 1 FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING PRACTICE Nursing Care of Clients with Urinary/Reproductive
System Disorders, 235
1
Factors Influencing Client Needs and Nursing
Care, 7
13
Nursing Care of Clients with Infectious
Diseases, 249
2
Basics of Nursing Practice, 14
14
Medical-Surgical Nursing Review Questions with
3
Integral Aspects of Nursing Care, 24 Answers and Rationales, 260
4
Foundations of Nursing Practice Review
UNIT 3 MENTAL HEALTH/PSYCHIATRIC NURSING
Questions with Answers and Rationales, 51
15
Foundations of Mental Health/Psychiatric
Nursing, 407
UNIT 2 MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING
5 16
Growth and Development of the Adult, 88 The Practice of Mental Health/Psychiatric
Nursing, 414
6
Nursing Care of Clients with Circulatory System
17
(Cardiovascular, Blood, and Lymphatic Systems) Nursing Care of Clients with Disorders Usually
Disorders, 91 First Evident in Infancy, Childhood, or
Adolescence, 426
7
Nursing Care of Clients with Respiratory System
18
Disorders, 119 Nursing Care of Clients with Disorders Related to
Alterations in Cognition and Perception, 431
8
Nursing Care of Clients with Gastrointestinal
19
System Disorders, 137 Nursing Care of Clients with Disorders Related to
Anxiety and Alterations in Mood, 437
9
Nursing Care of Clients with Endocrine System
20
Disorders, 169 Nursing Care of Clients with Disorders Related to
Alterations in Behavior, 446
10
Nursing Care of Clients with Integumentary
21
System Disorders, 185 Nursing Care of Clients with Sexual and Gender
Identity Disorders, 456
22 UNIT 5 CHILD HEALTH NURSING
Mental Health/Psychiatric Nursing Review
Questions with Answers and Rationales, 458 29
Foundations of Child Health Nursing, 639
30
UNIT 4 CHILDBEARING AND WOMEN’S HEALTH Nursing Care of Infants, 643
NURSING
23 31
Nursing Care to Promote Childbearing and Nursing Care of Toddlers, 671
Women’s Health, 519
32
Nursing Care of Preschoolers, 690
24
Nursing Care Related to Major Disorders Affecting
Women’s Health, 527
33
Nursing Care of School-Age Children, 697
25
Nursing Care of Women during Uncomplicated
34
Pregnancy, Labor, Childbirth, and the Postpartum Nursing Care of Adolescents, 706
Period, 536
35
Child Health Nursing Review Questions with
26
Nursing Care of Women at Risk during Pregnancy, Answers and Rationales, 710
Labor, Childbirth, and the Postpartum Period, 550
27 UNIT 6 NCLEX PREPARATION TOOLKIT
Nursing Care of the Newborn, 565
36
Comprehensive Examination 1, 772
28
Childbearing and Women’s Health Nursing
Review Questions with Answers and 37
Study Worksheets for Reviewing Your Test-Taking
Rationales, 579
Performance, 818
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EDITOR
Patricia M. Nugent, RN, EdD
Nugent Books, Inc., President
Professor Emerita
Nassau Community College
Garden City, New York
ASSOCIATE EDITORS
Judith S. Green, Mary Ann Hellmer Saul,
RN, MA RNCS, PhD
Professor Emerita Professor
Nassau Community College Nassau Community College
Garden City, New York Garden City, New York
EDITOR EMERITA
Phyllis K. Pelikan, RN, MA
President
PKP Books, Inc.
Professor Emerita
Nassau Community College
Garden City, New York
3251 Riverport Lane
St. Louis, Missouri 63043
MOSBY’S COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF NURSING ISBN: 978-0-323-07895-5
FOR THE NCLEX-RN EXAMINATION
Copyright © 2012 by Mosby, Inc., an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the
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This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other
than as may be noted herein).
NCLEX® and NCLEX-RN® are registered trademarks and service marks of the National Council of State Boards
of Nursing, Inc.
Notices
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our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become
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Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Mosby’s comprehensive review of nursing for the NCLEX-RN examination / editor, Patricia M. Nugent ; associate
editors, Judith S. Green, Mary Ann Hellmer Saul ; editor emerita, Phyllis K. Pelikan.—20th ed.
p. ; cm.
Comprehensive review of nursing for the NCLEX-RN examination
Rev. ed. of: Mosby’s comprehensive review of nursing for the NCLEX-RN examination / editors,
Dolores F. Saxton, Patricia M. Nugent, Phyllis K. Pelikan.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-323-07895-5 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses—Study guides. 2. Nursing—
Examinations, questions, etc. 3. Nursing—Outlines, syllabi, etc. I. Nugent, Patricia Mary II. Green, Judith
S. III. Hellmer Saul, Mary Ann. IV. Title: Comprehensive review of nursing for the NCLEX-RN
examination.
[DNLM: 1. Nursing—Examination Questions. 2. Nursing—Outlines. WY 18.2]
RT55.M64 2012
610.73076—dc23
2011020448
Executive Editor: Kristin Geen
Senior Developmental Editor: Jamie Horn
Publishing Services Manager: Deborah L. Vogel Working together to grow
Project Manager: John W. Gabbert libraries in developing countries
Design Direction: Karen Pauls
www.elsevier.com | www.bookaid.org | www.sabre.org
Printed in the United States of America
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Reviewers
Teresa Burckhalter, MSN, RN, BC Norlyn Hyde, RN, BC, MSN, CNS
Nursing Faculty Professor of Nursing
Technical College of the Lowcountry Division of Nursing
Beaufort, South Carolina Louisiana Technical University
Ruston, Louisiana
Mary Helen Freter, MS, RN, CNE
Norah Johnson, PhD, RN, CPNP
Assistant Professor of Nursing
Health Sciences Division Assistant Professor
Tulsa Community College College of Nursing
Tulsa, Oklahoma Marquette University
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
continued
vv
Reviewers
—cont'd
Pamela Newland, PhD, RN Kim Silvey, MSN, RN
Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
School of Nursing Department of Nursing
Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Morehead State University
Edwardsville, Illinois Morehead, Kentucky
Linda Rosier, RN, MSN, IBCLC Katrina Allen Thomas, RN, MSN, CCRN
Associate Professor Nursing Instructor
Nursing Program Nursing
Montgomery College Faulkner State Community College
Takoma Park, Maryland Bay Minette, Alabama
Donna Russo, RN, MSN, CCRN, CNE
Nursing Instructor
ARIA Health School of Nursing
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Companion CD Audio Key Points
Written by: Narrated by:
Sharon Souter, PhD, RN, CNE Carolyn Kruse
Dean and Associate Professor Above the Dogs
Scott and White College of Nursing St. Peters, Missouri
University of Mary Hardin-Baylor
Belton, Texas
vi
vii
To my husband Neil, the love of my life
Thank you for always being there for me
Patricia Nugent
To my family
Dale and Art, Richard, Eric and Miriam, Cheryl, and Steven
Thank you for your unconditional support
Judith Green
To my children George, Matt, and Meredith
for their inspiration and for teaching me so many valuable life lessons
Mary Ann Hellmer Saul
To my family
The proverbial “Wind beneath my Wings”
Phyllis K. Pelikan
vii
Preface
The information in Mosby’s Comprehensive Review of Nursing for the NCLEX-RN Examination has
been totally revised and updated for this 20th edition. The progression of subject matter in each
area reflects the consistent approach that has been used throughout the book. Information presented
incorporates the latest knowledge, newest trends, and current practices in the profession of nursing.
The Introduction for Students Preparing for the Licensure Examination provides information
about the NCLEX-RN® Examination, including the classifications used in the test plan structure.
It also reviews clues for answering multiple-choice questions, provides examples of alternate-
format items, and discusses the comprehensive exams and how to use this book when studying.
Foundations of Nursing Practice—Unit I (Chapters 1 through 3)—discusses factors that influence
client needs, the basics of nursing practice, and integral aspects of nursing care. These chapters
present information essential to the practice of nursing that is common to all of the clinical areas.
Content related to Medical-Surgical Nursing is presented in Unit 2 (Chapters 5 through 13);
content related to Mental Health/Psychiatric Nursing is presented in Unit 3 (Chapters 15 through
21); content related to Childbearing and Women’s Health Nursing is presented in Unit 4 (Chap-
ters 23 through 27); and content related to Child Health Nursing is presented in Unit 5 (Chapters
29 through 34). Chapters 4, 14, 22, 28, and 35 consist of questions with their answers and
rationales that relate to Foundations of Nursing Practice, Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mental
Health Nursing, Childbearing and Women’s Health Nursing, and Child Health Nursing, respec-
tively. Chapter 36 in Unit 6 contains a 265-item Comprehensive Exam that mirrors the NCLEX-
RN® Examination. Chapter 37 in Unit 6 contains two Study Worksheets: Focus For Study
Worksheet—Adapted NCLEX-RN Test Plan and Focus For Study Worksheet—Content Areas. These
worksheets promote an individualized assessment that can focus future study.
The Medical-Surgical, Mental Health/Psychiatric, Childbearing and Women’s Health, and
Child Health Nursing chapters incorporate information from the basic sciences, nutrition, phar-
macology, acute and long-term care, and physical and emotional nursing care. We continue to
present the material in the traditional clinical groupings for we still believe that when preparing
for a comprehensive examination, the average student will study all of the distinct parts before
attempting to put them together. Although we believe that in practice the nursing process is
continually evolving rather than remaining a clearly defined step-by-step process, we present the
content under the following headings: Assessment/Analysis, Planning/Implementation, and Eval-
uation/Outcomes. We believe that this grouping avoids needless repetition, recognizes the abilities
of our readers, and reflects current practice.
Over 4200 questions have been included in this edition of Mosby’s Comprehensive Review of
Nursing for the NCLEX-RN Examination. More than 500 of them are new questions that reflect
the increased emphasis on Management of Care, Reduction of Risk Potential, and Alternate
Format Items. Although the majority of the questions are multiple-choice, the number of alternate
format items (e.g., multiple-response items, ordered-response items, fill-in-the-blank items, hot
spot items, and exhibit items) in the book was increased to 618.
The questions in Chapters 4, 14, 22, 28, and 35 are grouped according to the chapter in which
the content of the question is presented. For every question in this edition and on the CD-ROM
we have provided rationales that state the reason why the correct answer is correct, as well as why
the incorrect answers are incorrect. To further assist the user in studying/reviewing by a specific
content area, the questions are classified according to Client Need, Cognitive Level, Nursing
Process, Integrated Process (if applicable), and Reference. The Reference category at the end of
each answer/rationale refers the student to the chapter and major headings under which the
content in the question is presented in more detail in Mosby’s Comprehensive Review of Nursing
for the NCLEX-RN Examination.
One Comprehensive Exam is included in this textbook and on the Companion CD, along
with a second Comprehensive Exam that appears only on the Companion CD-ROM. These
viii