Complementary and Alternative Medicine

224 Pages·2016·46.94 MB·English

Complementary and
Alternative Medicine
Evidence-Based Approach
Brendon Gould
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Editor: Brendon Gould
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Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Complementary and alternative medicine : evidence-based approach / edited by Brendon Gould.
p.cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-9789-2190-0
1.Alternative medicine. 2. Medicine. 3. Integrative medicine. 4. Therapeutics. I. Gould, Brendon.
R733 .C66 2017
615.5--dc23
Table of Contents
Preface .......................................................................................................................................................VII
Chapter 1 Antibacterial and Antimetastatic Potential of Diospyros lycioides Extract on
Cervical Cancer Cells and Associated Pathogens .................................................................................1
V. P. Bagla, V. Z. Lubisi, T. Ndiitwani, M. P. Mokgotho, L. Mampuru,
V. Mbazima
Chapter 2 Immune Signatures in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris of Blood-Heat
Syndrome............................................................................ .. ......................................................................11
Xin Li, Qing-qing Xiao, Fu-lun Li, Rong Xu, Bin Fan, Min-feng Wu, Min Zhou,
Su Li, Jie Chen, Shi-guang Peng, Bin Li
Chapter 3 Veratri Nigri Rhizoma et Radix (Veratrum nigrum L.) and its Constituent
Jervine Prevent Adipogenesis via Activation of the LKB1-AMPK(cid:2009)-ACC Axis
In Vivo and In Vitro . .................................................................................................................................22
Jinbong Park, Yong-Deok Jeon, Hye-Lin Kim, Dae-Seung Kim, Yo-Han Han,
Yunu Jung, Dong-Hyun Youn, Jong Wook Kang, Daeyeon Yoon, Mi-Young Jeong,
Jong- Hyun Lee, Seung-Heon Hong, Junhee Lee, Jae-Young Um
Chapter 4 Systems Pharmacology Uncovers the Multiple Mechanisms of Xijiao
Dihuang Decoction for the Treatment of Viral Hemorrhagic Fever. . .............................................34
Jianling Liu, Tianli Pei, Jiexin Mu, Chunli Zheng, Xuetong Chen, Chao Huang,
Yingxue Fu, Zongsuo Liang, Yonghua Wang
Chapter 5 Electroacupuncture Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion of Rat via Modulation of Apoptosis,
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Mei-hong Shen, Chun-bing Zhang, Jia-hui Zhang, Peng-fei Li
Chapter 6 Garlic Attenuates Plasma and Kidney ACE-1 and AngII Modulations in
Early Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats: Renal Clearance and Blood
Pressure Implications ...............................................................................................................................66
Khaled K. Al-Qattan, Martha Thomson, Divya Jayasree, Muslim Ali
Chapter 7 Stress and Fatigue Management using Balneotherapy in a Short-Time
Randomized Controlled Trial .................................................................................................................77
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Chapter 8 The Effects of Xiangqing Anodyne Spray on Treating Acute Soft-Tissue
Injury Mainly Depend on Suppressing Activations of AKT and p38
Pathways .....................................................................................................................................................87
ShudongWang, Tao Li, Wei Qu, Xin Li, Shaoxin Ma, Zheng Wang, Wenya Liu,
Shanshan Hou, Jihua Fu
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VI Contents
Chapter 9 (cid:44)(cid:81)(cid:193)(cid:88)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:70)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:48)(cid:72)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:86)(cid:68)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:192)(cid:70)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:68)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:86) Leaf Extract on Long-Term Memory in
Scopolamine Animal Model with Assessment of Mechanism of Action . .....................................98
Marcin Ozarowski, Przemyslaw L. Mikolajczak, Anna Piasecka, Piotr Kachlicki,
Radoslaw Kujawski, Anna Bogacz, Joanna Bartkowiak-Wieczorek, Michal Szulc,
Ewa Kaminska, Malgorzata Kujawska, Jadwiga Jodynis-Liebert,
Agnieszka Gryszczynska, Bogna Opala, Zdzislaw Lowicki,
Agnieszka Seremak-Mrozikiewicz, Boguslaw Czerny
Chapter 10 Berberine Inhibition of Fibrogenesis in a Rat Model of Liver Fibrosis and in
Hepatic Stellate Cells ..............................................................................................................................115
Ning Wang, Qihe Xu, Hor Yue Tan, Ming Hong, Sha Li, Man-Fung Yuen,
Yibin Feng
Chapter 11 The Relieving Effects of BrainPower Advanced, a Dietary Supplement, in
Older Adults with Subjective Memory Complaints........................................................................ 126
Jingfen Zhu, Rong Shi, Su Chen, Lihua Dai, Tian Shen, Yi Feng, Pingping Gu,
Mina Shariff, Tuong Nguyen, Yeats Ye, Jianyu Rao, Guoqiang Xing
Chapter 12 Antiobesity Effects of the Combined Plant Extracts Varying the Combination
Ratio of Phyllostachys pubescens Leaf Extract and Scutellaria baicalensis
Root Extract ...............................................................................................................................................142
Dong-Seon Kim, Seung-Hyung Kim, Jimin Cha
Chapter 13 Therapeutic Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Spinal Cord
Injury: A Promising Supplementary Treatment in Future ..............................................................153
Qian Zhang, Hao Yang, Jing An, Rui Zhang, Bo Chen, Ding-Jun Hao
Chapter 14 Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Intervention Effects of Total Turmeric
Extract in a Rat Model of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease...........................................................171
Ya Wang, Ming Niu, Ge-liu-chang Jia, Rui-sheng Li, Ya-ming Zhang,
Cong-en Zhang, Ya-kun Meng, He-rong Cui, Zhi-jie Ma, Dong-hui Li, Jia-bo Wang,
Xiao-he Xiao
Chapter 15 (cid:44)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:192)(cid:70)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:180)(cid:48)(cid:88)(cid:79)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:83)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:38)(cid:82)(cid:80)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:86)(cid:16)(cid:48)(cid:88)(cid:79)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:83)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:55)(cid:68)(cid:85)(cid:74)(cid:72)(cid:87)(cid:86)(cid:16)(cid:48)(cid:88)(cid:79)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:83)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:51)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:90)(cid:68)(cid:92)(cid:86)(cid:181)(cid:3)
Associated with Naoxintong Capsule in the Treatment of Heart Diseases
using UPLC/Q-TOF-MS and Network Pharmacology. ....................................................................183
Xianghui Ma, Bin Lv, Pan Li, Xiaoqing Jiang, Qian Zhou, Xiaoying Wang,
Xiumei Gao
Chapter 16 Ligustrazine for the Treatment of Unstable Angina........................................................................ 198
Suman Cao, Wenli Zhao, Huaien Bu, Ye Zhao, Chunquan Yu
Permissions

List of Contributors

Index

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Preface
This book on complementary and alternative medicine discusses topics related to energy harnessing
and nutritional value that is related to alternative medical practices. Alternative medical diagnosis and
medication consider the overall well-being and fitness of a patient while treating disease. This book
discusses the fundamentals as well as modern approaches of this field. It consists of contributions made
by international experts. It strives to provide a fair idea about this discipline and to help develop a better
understanding of the latest advances within this field. In this book, using case studies and examples,
constant effort has been made to make the understanding of the difficult concepts of alternative medicine
as easy and informative as possible, for the readers.
This book has been the outcome of endless efforts put in by authors and researchers on various issues
and topics within the field. The book is a comprehensive collection of significant researches that are
addressed in a variety of chapters. It will surely enhance the knowledge of the field among readers
across the globe.
It gives us an immense pleasure to thank our researchers and authors for their efforts to submit their
piece of writing before the deadlines. Finally in the end, I would like to thank my family and colleagues
who have been a great source of inspiration and support.
Editor
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(cid:20)
Antibacterial and Antimetastatic Potential of
Diospyros lycioides Extract on Cervical Cancer Cells and
Associated Pathogens
V.P.Bagla,V.Z.Lubisi,T.Ndiitwani,M.P.Mokgotho,L.Mampuru,andV.Mbazima
DepartmentofBiochemistry,MicrobiologyandBiotechnology,FacultyofScienceandAgriculture,
UniversityofLimpopo,TurfloopCampus,PrivateBagX1106,Sovenga,Limpopo0727,SouthAfrica
CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoV.P.Bagla;[email protected]
AcademicEditor:DanielaRigano
Cervicalcancerisamongthemostprevalentformsofcancerinwomenworldwide.Diospyroslycioideswasextractedusinghexane,
ethylacetate,acetone,andmethanolandfingerprintprofilesweredetermined.Theleafmaterialwastestedforthepresenceof
flavonoids,tannins,saponins,terpenoids,andcardiacglycosidesusingstandardchemicalmethodsandthepresenceofflavonoids
and phenolics using thin layer chromatography. The total phenolic content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu procedure.
ThefourextractsweretestedforantibacterialactivityusingbioautographyagainstStaphylococcusaureus,Enterococcusfaecalis,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The acetone extract with the highest number of antibacterial and antioxidant
compoundswasassessedforitscytotoxicityonBUD-8cellsusingthereal-timexCELLigencesystemanditspotentialeffectson
metastaticcervicalcancer(HeLa)cellmigrationandinvasionwereassessedusingwoundhealingmigrationandinvasionassays.
Theleafextracttestedpositiveforflavonoids,tannins,andterpenoidswhilethefourdifferentextractstestedintheantimicrobial
assaycontainedconstituentsactiveagainstoneormoreoftheorganismstested,exceptE.coli.Thecytotoxicityoftheacetone
extractinreal-timewasconcentration-dependentwithpotentabilitytosuppressthemigrationandinvasionofHeLacells.The
findingdemonstratestheacetoneextracttocontainconstituentswithantibacterialandantimetastaticeffectsoncervicalcancer
cells.
1.Introduction havealsobeenimplicatedinchronicinfectionsorarecapable
ofproducingtoxinsthatinfluencethecellcycleresultingin
Medicinal plants act as one of nature’s primary reservoirs alteredcellgrowth[3],witharesultantDNAdamagesimilar
sincetimeimmemorialasasourceofpotentpharmacological tothatobservedinapoptosisinducedbycarcinogens.
constituentsforthetreatmentofvariousdiseases.Multidrug InSouthAfrica,thebarkandrootdecoctionsofDiospyros
resistancetoantibacterialagentsandthehighincidencesof lycioides are administered as treatment for bloody faeces
variouscancersontheotherhandhavegrownatanalarming and dysentery [4], while in Namibia the plant is used as
rate in recent years. Cervical cancer is the second leading a chewing stick [5]. Extract of this plant is also taken
formofcancerinSouthAfricanwomenafterbreastcancer. as a remedy for infertility in women [6], an associated
Itaffectsyoungwomenwithresultantadverseeffectssuchas probleminwomenwithcervicalcancer.Investigationsofthe
infertilityandimpairedsexualquality[1]. antimicrobial activity of this plant have demonstrated the
The causative agent of cervical cancer is the Human methanolicextract,fromthetwigs,topossessactivityagainst
PapillomaVirus(HPV)whichistransmittedsexually,while commonoralpathogensincludingStreptococcusmutansand
Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are amongst the Porphyromonas gingivalis, while isolated compounds have
mostcommonbacteriaincriminatedinvaginitisandassoci- been found to possess marginal growth inhibitory activity
atedcellularchangesofthecervix[2].Severalotherbacteria againstStreptococcussanguinisandS.mutans[7].
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