Comparative Politics in a Globalizing World PDF
Preview Comparative Politics in a Globalizing World
ae. COMPARATIVE POLITICS... ~ GLOWBAOLRIZLIDNG Jeffrey Haynes Sa e * oo ” Comparative Politics in a Globalizing World This book is due for return on or before the last date shown below 23 MAY ?9ne JI MAT UU -5§ JAN 2012 ps Aan 23 APR 2009 2 9 JAN 2010 29 FEB 2010 43 APR 2010 07 MAY 2010 2.8 MAR 20tt 27 Aris 2011 Telephone: 01271 338170 wRTH DeEVON CnOLLEGE LIBRARY ri eitilot evil ‘bhow pnisitedola Ss Comparative Politics in a Globalizing World Jeffrey Haynes Polity NORTH DEVON COLLEGE LIBRARY Copyright © Jeffrey Haynes 2005 The right of Jeffrey Haynes to be identified as Author of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published in 2005 by Polity Press Polity Press 65 Bridge Street Cambridge CB2 1UR, UK Polity Press 350 Main Street Malden, MA 02148, USA All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purpose of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. ISBN 0 7456 3092 8 ISBN 0 7456 3093 6(pb) A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Typeset in 10 on 12 pt Times by SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd, Hong Kong Printed and bound in Great Britain by T. J. International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall The publisher has used its best endeavours to ensure that the URLs for external websites referred to in this book are correct and active at the time of going to press. However, the publisher has no responsibility for the websites and can make no guarantee that a site will remain live or that the content is or will remain appropriate. Every effort has been made to trace all copyright holders, but if any have been inadvertently over- looked the publishers will be pleased to include any necessary credits in any subsequent reprint or edition. For further information on Polity, visit our website: www.polity.co.uk [Class No. 320.3 | |B arcode No. | |oysi2zs3 ~ Contents List of Tables 1X List of Abbreviations Introduction — Comparative Politics and Globalization The Book’s Concerns and Structure Analytically Important Aspects of Globalization Conclusion WO R Part | Comparative Politics and Globalization: Theory and Practice 1 Established Democracies 17 Characteristics 18 Political Institutions Linking Governments and Voters 20 Structures of Government 30 Conclusion 36 2 Transitional Democracies 38 Characteristics 38 Political Institutions Linking State and Society 41 Structures of Government 49 Conclusion 55 -3 Non-Democracies 56 Characteristics 56 Categories of Non-Democratic Regime and _ their Chief Political Characteristics 57 Political Institutions Linking State and Society 60 Structures of Government 67 Conclusion 73 vi Contents 4 Methodologies and Globalization Comparative Political Analysis: Approaches Schools of Interpretation The Impact of Globalization Structured Contingency and Comparative Political Outcomes Structured Contingency: Where Does Globalization Come In? Conclusion External Actors and Domestic Politics Political Opportunity Structures The Influence of External Actors on Domestic Politics International Governmental Organizations (IGOs) International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs) Transnational Corporations (TNCs) Conclusion 113 Part Il Comparative Politics and Globalization: Issues and Processes 6 Regionalization 117 Regional Cooperation and Globalization 118 The New Regionalism Approach 119 The European Union 121 The North American Free Trade Agreement 130 Conclusion 136 Economic Globalization 138 Consequences of Economic Globalization 138 Theories of Economic Globalization 141 Established Democracies 145 Transitional Democracies 152 Non-Democracies 156 Conclusion 157 The Natural Environment 159 From Stockholm to Kyoto: 25 Years of Increasing Global ‘Green’ Awareness 159 Domestic Politics and Green Parties 161 Cross-Border Green Actors 163 Established Democracies bye Transitional Democracies 176 Non-Democracies 178 Conclusion 180 Contents vii a Political Culture 181 Almond and Verba’s The Civic Culture 183 Criticisms of the Political Culture Approach to Political Analysis 185 Globalization and the Remaking of Political Culture 187 Case Studies: FRG, CEE, Mexico, and Malaysia and Singapore 191 Conclusion 199 10 Regime Change and Democratization 201 The Third Wave of Democracy 201 Domestic Factors 203 External Factors 206 Case Studies: South Africa, Indonesia and Russia 212 Conclusion 222 11 Political Violence and Terrorism 224 Political Violence and Domestic Politics 224 The Globalization of Political Violence 230 ‘Failed States’ and International Terrorism 236 Conclusion 243 12 Religion 244 Religion and Politics in Historical Context 244 State—‘Church’ Relations 246 Political Involvement of Religion: Novelty or Persistence? 250 Religion and Globalization ay Established Democracies 255 Transitional Democracies 258 261 Non-Democracies Conclusion 264 13 Human Rights 265 What are ‘Human Rights’? 266 Cultural Relativity 268 Individualistic Conceptions 270 Collective Conceptions 270 The Internationalization of Human Rights? paris) Case Studies: USA, Russia and China Conclusion 285 14 Women and Political Participation 286 Gender and Comparative Politics 287 Female Representation in National Legislatures 288 viii Contents Female Representation in Civil Society 292 Established Democracies fn B Transitional Democracies Das Non-Democracies 304 Conclusion 308 Conclusion 309 Globalization, Fragmentation and Comparative Political Analysis 313 References 320 Index 345
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