Collected Works of CG Jung, Volume 10

639 Pages·2013·29.19 MB·English

BOLLINGEN SERIES XX
THE COLLECTED WORKS
OF
C . G . J U N G
VOLUME 10
EDITORS
SIR HERBERT READ
MICHAEL FORDHAM, M.D., M.R.C.P.
GERHARD ADLER, FH.D.

CIVILIZATION
IN
TRANSITION
C. G. JUNG
TRANSLATED BY R. F. C. HULL
BOLLINGEN SERIES XX
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS
COPYRIGHT@ 1964 BY BOLLINGEN FOUNDATION
SECOND EDITION COPYRIGHT @ 1970 BY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
THIS EDITION IS BEING PUBLISHED IN THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY PRINCETON
UNIVERSITY PRESS AND IN ENGLAND BY
ROUTLEDGE AND KEGAN PAUL, LTD. IN THE
AMERICAN EDITION, ALL THE VOLUMES COM
PRISING THE COLLECTED WORKS CONSTITUTE
NUMBER XX IN BOLLINGEN SERIES, SPON
SORED BY BOLLINGEN FOUNDATION. THE
PRESENT VOLUME IS NUMBER 10 OF THE
COLLECTED WORKS, AND WAS THE THIR-
TEENTH TO APPEAR.
The Undiscovered Self copyright ' 1957, 1958, by C. G. Jung.
Flying Saucers copyright ' 1959 by C. G. Jung. "The Dreamlike
World of India" and "What India Can Teach Us" copyright 19118
and 1939 respectively by Editorial Publications, Inc.
Third printing, 1978
LIBRARY OF CONGRESSC ATALOG CARD NUMBER: 75-156
ISBN o--691-{)9762-11
MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
ISBN-13: 978-0-691-09762-6
ISBN-10: 0-691-09762-3
E D I T O R I A L N O T E
In 1918 Jung published a paper, "The Role of the Unconscious,"
which sounds the keynote of the present volume. There he put
forward the arresting theory that the conflict in Europe, then
almost exclusively interpreted in materialistic terms, was basi­
cally a psychological crisis originating in the collective uncon­
scious of the individuals that form groups and nations. Subse­
quently he wrote a considerable number of essays bearing on
the contemporary scene and, in particular, on the relation of the
individual to society.
The first two sections of this volume, written during the years
between the World Wars, develop the themes broached in the
opening essay, and are largely concerned with modern man's
discovery of his unconscious premises and the importance of self-
knowledge in enabling the individual to maintain himself against
social pressures. Specific questions, such as the influence of social
changes on the relations between the sexes and of ethnic factors
on the development of psychological theories, are also discussed.
The third section presents four papers previously published in
Essays on Contemporary Events (1947). In these Jung shows that
the dreams and fantasies of individual patients, no less than social
and political upheavals, which he explains as psychic epidemics,
can reflect tendencies in the unconscious life of nations. In an
essay first published in 1956 Wotan is presented as an archetypal
figure symbolizing the unconscious agencies active in Germany
which found expression in the Nazi movement.
The psychodynamics which Jung inferred from the behaviour
of individuals and groups, though easier to perceive in Germany,
had, however, a much wider application, as he made clear in two
major essays written in his last years. In "The Undiscovered
Self" (1957) he reverts to the relation between the individual
ν
EDITORIAL NOTE
and a mass society, and in "Flying Saucers" (1958) he examines
the birth of a myth which he regards as compensating the scien-
tistic trends of our technological era. Since the crisis in civiliza­
tion is maintained by Jung to be moral, his late views on good
and evil and on the psychological function of conscience, in sec­
tion six, are necessary and relevant amplifications of his theme.
The reviews and short articles in section seven present Jung's
lively and emotional responses to the pronouncements of his
contemporary, Count Hermann Keyserling, on national prob­
lems, and to his own visits to the United States and India. Finally,
the appendix brings together the documents relating to the years
when Jung was president of the International General Medical
Society for Psychotherapy and editor of its organ, the Zentral-
blatt fiir Psychotherapie. His energetic nature and feelings of
obligation both to society and to his colleagues compelled him
to accept this position as a vantage point from which to combat,
to the best of his ability, the threat to psychotherapy in Germany
under the Nazis. Unjustly, he was subjected to a barrage of ten­
dentious and largely uninformed criticism because of his action.
The aims he consistently sought to achieve are now set forth
fully for the first time, with the necessary documentation.
*
Grateful acknowledgment is made to the American-Scandinavian
Foundation, New York, for permission to quote from the Bel­
lows translation of The Poetic Edda; to the Viking Press, New
York, for permission to quote from The Portable Nietzsche
j
translated by Walter Kaufmann and copyright 1954 by the
Viking Press, Inc.; and to Otto Muller Verlag, Salzburg, for
permission to reproduce an illustration from Maria Bockeler,
Hildegard von Bingen: Wissen die Wege. For advice and assist­
ance, the Editors are grateful to C. A. Meier, M.D., of Zurich;
Walter Cimbal, M.D., of Hamburg; W. Morgenthaler, M.D., of
Bern; Miss Liselotte Bendix, librarian of the New York Psycho­
analytic Society and Institute; and the staff of the Warburg
Institute, London.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EDITORIAL NOTE
LIST OF PLATES
I
The Role of the Unconscious
Translated from 4Ober das Unbewusste," Schweizerland
(Zurich), IV (1918).
Mind and Earth
Translated from "Seele und Erde," Seelenprobleme der
Gegenwart (Zurich: Rascher, 1931).
Archaic Man
Translated from "Der archaische Mensch," Seelenprobleme
der Gegenwart (Zurich: Rascher, 1931).
The Spiritual Problem of Modern Man
Translated from "Das Seelenproblem des modernen Men-
schen," Seelenprobleme der Gegenwart (Zurich: Rascher,
»98 0·
II
The Love Problem of a Student
Translated from an unpublished ms. (1922?).
Woman in Europe
Translated from "Die Frau in Europa," Europaische Revue
(Berlin), III (1927).
CONTENTS
The Meaning of Psychology for Modern Man 134
Translated from "Die Bedeutung der Psychologie fiir die
Gegenwart," Wirklichkeit der Seele (Zurich: Rascher, 1934)·
The State of Psychotherapy Today 157
Translated from "Zur gegenwartigen Lage der Psychothera
pie," Zentralblatt fiir Psychotherapie und ihre Grenzgebiete
(Leipzig), VII (1934).
I I I
Preface to Essays on Contemporary Events 177
Translated from Vorwort to Aufsatze zur Zeitgeschichte
(Zurich: Rascher, 1946).
Wotan 179
Translated from "Wotan," Neue Schweizer Rundschau
(Zurich), n.s., Ill (1936).
After the Catastrophe 194
Translated from "Nach der Katastrophe," Neue Sehweizer
Rundschau (Zurich), n.s., XIII (1945).
The Fight with the Shadow 218
Originally published in English in The Listener (London),
XXXVI (1946).
Epilogue to Essays on Contemporary Events 227
Translated from Nachwort to Aufsatze zur Zeitgeschichte
(Zurich; Rascher, 1946).
IV
The Undiscovered Self (Present and Future) 245
Translated from Gegemuart und Zukunft (Zurich: Rascher,
!957)-
1. The Plight of the Individual in Modern Society, 247
viii
CONTENTS
2. Religion as the Counterbalance to Mass-Mindedness,
256
3. The Position of the West on the Question of Reli­
gion, 263
4. The Individual's Understanding of Himself, 269
5. The Philosophical and the Psychological Approach
to Life, 284
6. Self-Knowledge, 293
7. The Meaning of SeIf-Knowledge 302
l
V
Flying Saucers: A Modern Myth of Things Seen
in the Skies 307
Translated from Ein moderner Mythus: Von Dingen, die am
Himmel gesehen werden (Zurich and Stuttgart: Rascher,
!958)·
Preface to the First English Edition, 309
Introductory, 311
1. Ufos as Rumours, 314
2. Ufos in Dreams, 330
3. Ufos in Modern Painting, 383
4. Previous History of the Ufo Phenomenon, 401
5. Ufos Considered in a Non-Psychological Light, 413
Epilogue, 418
VI
A Psychological View of Conscience 437
Translated from "Das Gewissen in psychologischer Sicht," in
Das Geiuissen (Studien aus dem C. G. Jung-Institut, VII;
Zurich: Rascher, 1958).
Good and Evil in Analytical Psychology 456
Translated from "Gut und Bose in der analytischen PsychoIo-
gie," in Gut und Bose in der Psychotherapie, ed. by WiIhelm
Bitter (Stuttgart: "Arzt und Seelsorger," 1959).
ix