Cognitive Neuroscience PDF
Preview Cognitive Neuroscience
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE UPDATED FULLY, THIS ACCESSIBLE AND COMPREHENSIVE TEXT HIGHLIGHTS THE MOST IMPORTANT THEORETICAL, CONCEPTUAL, AND METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES IN COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE. WRITTEN BY TWO EXPERIENCED TEACHERS, THE CONSISTENT NARRATIVE ENSURES THAT STUDENTS LINK CONCEPTS ACROSS CHAPTERS, AND THE CAREFUL SELECTION OF TOPICS ENABLES THEM TO GRASP THE BIG PICTURE WITHOUT GETTING DISTRACTED BY DETAILS. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS SUCH AS DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, BRAIN INJURIES, AND DEMENTIAS ARE HIGHLIGHTED. IN ADDITION, ANALOGIES AND EXAMPLES WITHIN THE TEXT, OPENING CASE STUDIES, AND “IN FOCUS” BOXES ENGAGE STUDENTS AND DEMONSTRATE THE RELEVANCE OF THE MATERIAL TO REAL- WORLD CONCERNS. STUDENTS ARE ENCOURAGED TO DEVELOP THE CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS THAT WILL ENABLE THEM TO EVALUATE FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS IN THIS FAST-MOVING FIELD. A NEW CHAPTER ON COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND SOCIETY CONSIDERS HOW COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE ISSUES RELATE TO THE LAW, EDUCATION, AND ETHICS, HIGHLIGHTING THE CLINICAL AND REAL-WORLD RELEVANCE. AN EXPANDED ONLINE PACKAGE INCLUDES A TEST BANK. Marie T. Banich uses brain imaging techniques to understand the neural systems that enable us to direct actions and thoughts in a goal-oriented manner, often referred to as executive function. Her research findings have been published in leading journals, including Science. Among her professional experiences, Professor Banich has been a member of the MacArthur Foundation on Adolescent Development and Juvenile Justice, a Fulbright Senior Scholar in Verona, Italy, and a recipient of a James Cattell sabbatical award. Currently she serves as the co-Principal Investigator for the Colorado site of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, an unprecedented 10-year longitudinal study that uses neuroimaging to provide an unrivaled window on development of the adolescent brain and its influences on cognitive and emotional development. Rebecca J. Compton has taught at Haverford College since 1999 and in 2012 she received Haverford’s prestigious Lindback Award for Distinguished Teaching. She received her BA from Vassar College and her PhD in biological psychology from University of Chicago. She is the recipient of several NSF and NIH grants for research in primarily undergraduate institutions and has served on the Education and Training Committee of the Society for Psychophysiological Research. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE Marie T. Banich University of Colorado Boulder Rebecca J. Compton Haverford College, Pennsylvania University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom One Liberty Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10006, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia 314–321, 3rd Floor, Plot 3, Splendor Forum, Jasola District Centre, New Delhi – 110025, India 79 Anson Road, #06–04/06, Singapore 079906 Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning, and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107158443 DOI: 10.1017/9781316664018 © Cambridge University Press 2018 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2018 Printed in the United States of America by Sheridan Books, Inc. A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library. ISBN 978-1-10715844-3 Hardback ISBN 978-1-316-50790-2 Paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Contents Preface Acknowledgments Dedication Part I Fundamentals Chapter 1 Introduction to the Nervous System Chapter 2 Historical Perspectives Chapter 3 Methods Part II Neural Bases of Mental Functions Chapter 4 Motor Control Chapter 5 Sensation and Perception Chapter 6 Object Recognition Chapter 7 Spatial Cognition Chapter 8 Language Chapter 9 Memory and Learning Chapter 10 Attention Chapter 11 Executive Function and Higher-Order Thinking Chapter 12 Emotion Chapter 13 Social Cognition Part III Broader Applications Chapter 14 Psychopathology Chapter 15 Brain Development and Plasticity Chapter 16 Generalized Cognitive Disorders Chapter 17 Cognitive Neuroscience and Society Glossary References Index Contents Preface Acknowledgments Dedication Part I Fundamentals Chapter 1 Introduction to the Nervous System What Is Cognitive Neuroscience? Basic Building Blocks of the Nervous System: Neurons and Glia Neuroanatomical Terms and Brain “Geography” Major Subdivisions of the Central Nervous System Spinal Cord Medulla: Control of Basic Functions Cerebellum: Fluid Movement Pons: A Connective Bridge Midbrain: Orienting by Sound and Sight Hypothalamus: Maintaining the Body’s Equilibrium Thalamus: Gateway to the Cortex Major Subcortical Systems: The Basal Ganglia and the Limbic System Cerebral Cortex A Closer Look at Neurons Electrochemical Signaling in the Nervous System Neurotransmitters
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