Table Of ContentCOMPUTER PROGRAMMING
FOR KIDS
An Easy Step-By-Step Guide For
Beginners To Learn Programming And
Coding Skills
SEAN DAMON
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Table of Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1: What Is A Programming Language And Popular Programming
Languages
Chapter 2: Execution And Statement About A Program
Chapter 3: Functions, Input, Output
Chapter 4: Web Programming
Chapter 5: Object-Oriented Programming
Chapter 6: Comparing Deep Learning And Machine Learning
Chapter 7: Algorithms In Programming
Chapter 8: Working With Inheritance
Chapter 9: Syntax
Chapter 10: Creating Your First Database
Chapter 11: Working With Popular Apps
Chapter 12: Exception Handling
Chapter 13: Gathering Your Data
Conclusion
Introduction
elcome to the world of computer programming for kids, or the
W
act of writing a program to tell your computer what to do.
Programs are written using a series of instructions in a
particular language, three of which I will be talking about here –
Java, SQL, and C++.
Computer programming is not as difficult as it first looks, and it can
be a lot of fun, as long as you do it properly. I have prepared a basic
“Hello, World!” tutorial for each of the three languages, just to give
you an idea of how it all works. Apart from this, I have also enclosed
some useful tips for beginners and the common mistakes that
newbies tend to make while programming.
Simply, programming environment is a software that will allow you to
create, compile, and execute computer programs on the system. It is
an interface between the programmer and the computer, which will
convert the programs that you will write into the computer’s language
and ask it to execute the same for you. Therefore, before you pick up
any programming language, be sure to enquire about the required
programming environment and how the same can be set up on the
computer that you intend to use for your programming course.
Digging deeper into the programming environment and its setup, it is
made up of three basic elements, namely text editor, compiler, and
interpreter. In all probability, you will need all these three
components for your course. So, before you go searching for them,
let us help you understand what they exactly are and why you will
need them.
Text Editor
A text editor is a simple text program that will allow you to create text
files in which you will write your code. Depending on the
programming language you are working on, the extension of the text
file will change, for instance, if you’re programming in C language,
your text files will have the extension .c.
If you are working on a Windows machine, you can simply search for
Notepad in the search bar and use it as a text editor for your
programs. You can also explore Notepad++ for some advanced
options. It is freely available and you will just need to download and
install it on your machine. On the other hand, if you are a Mac user,
you can explore text editor options like BBEdit and TextEdit.
Compiler
Now that you have written the program and you are all ready to test
if you have written it correctly or not, you have to give it to the
computer and see if it understands what you are trying to
communicate. However, the computer only understands binary
language, and what you have written is far from what it can directly
digest. Therefore, this file needs to be converted into a binary
format.
If you have made syntactical errors and not followed the rules of the
programming language, the compiler will not be able to make this
conversion smoothly and will raise an error message for you.
Therefore, the compiler is a program that checks if you have
followed the syntactical rules of the chosen programming language
and converts the text file into its binary form. Moreover, this process
of conversion is referred to as compilation.
Most programming languages like C, Java, C++, and Pascal,
besides many others, require compilation, and you will need to install
their respective compilers before you can execute any programs
written using them.
Interpreter
Unlike the programming languages mentioned above, there are
some other programming languages like Python and Perl that do not
require a compiler. Therefore, instead of a compiler, they need an
interpreter, which is also software. The interpreter simply reads the
program from the text file and as it parses the file, it converts the
contents of the file and executes them. If you are working on any
such programming languages, remember to install the corresponding
interpreter on your system before starting.
If you haven’t worked with a computer before or have little to no
experience in installing software on the computer, technical advice
from an expert is recommended. However, be sure to do the
installation yourself, as it will help you build an acquaintance with the
device that you will work with in the near future.
Besides this, if your computer does not support the installation of any
of the programming environment elements, you can also make use
of the online compilers and interpreters that are available for all the
different programming languages nowadays. All you need is a good
Internet connection and a web browser to open these online facilities
and get started with your programming lessons and practice
sessions right away.
1.
What Is a Programming Language and Popular
Programming Languages
There are three main categories of computer programming
language:
Machine Language
This is the default computer language that is built in primitive
instructions represented to the computer in binary code. Thus, if you
want to instruct a computer, you must write in binary code. Here is
an example of ‘hello world’ in binary:
01001000 01100101 01101100 01101100 01101111 00100000
01110111 01101111 01110010 01101100 01100100
Assembly Language
Assembly languages are alternatives to machine languages. They
use mnemonics to represent machine language instructions. Since
computers cannot understand assembly language, we use a
program called an assembler to convert assembly language code
into machine language code. Compared to machine languages,
assembly languages are relatively easier to learn and use, but they
are still tedious because they are closer to machine language.
High-Level Programming Languages
The late 1990s ushered in the development of a new generation of
computer programming languages called high-level programming
languages.
High-level programming languages are English-like computer
programming languages that are platform-independent, which
means code written in high-level programming language can run on
any machine or computer.
Almost every programming language in use in the modern
programming world is high-level. These languages use statements to
instruct a computer to perform sets of instructions. Here is an
example of calculating the sum of two numbers using modern
programming languages:
Number1 = 10
Number2 = 100
Sum = Number1 + Number2
Today, we have many high-level programming languages. The list
below shows the most popular programming languages, the ones
commonly applicable in any field.
Python
Java
C++
JavaScript
Ruby
In this guide, we shall be discussing the essentials you need to
master to start programming or writing computer code in three
programming languages: Java, C++, and Python (version 3).
The next phase starts the discussion by looking at the basic
elements, whose understanding of which will allow you to get started
on the path to being a proficient programmer.
Programming Basics
Like human languages, high-level programming languages have a
set of key elements. Most high-level programming languages have
the following core elements:
