Co-creating Sustainable Urban Futures: A Primer on Applying Transition Management in Cities PDF
Preview Co-creating Sustainable Urban Futures: A Primer on Applying Transition Management in Cities
Future City 11 Niki Frantzeskaki Katharina Hölscher Matthew Bach Flor Avelino Editors Co-creating Sustainable Urban Futures A Primer on Applying Transition Management in Cities Future City Volume 11 AdvisoryBoards Jack Ahern, University of Massachusetts, Department of Landscape Architecture andRegionalPlanning,Amherst,MA,USA John Bolte, Oregon State University, Biological & Ecological Engineering Department,Corvallis,OR,USA Richard J. Dawson, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, School of Civil Engineering&:Geosciences,NewcastleuponTyne,UK Patrick Devine-Wright, University of Manchester, School of Environment and Development,ManchesterSchoolofArchitecture,Manchester,UK Almo Farina, University of Urbino, Institute of Biomathematics, Faculty of EnvironmentalSciences,Urbino,Italy RaymondJamesGreen,UniversityofMelbourne,FacultyofArchitecture,Building &Planning,Parkville,VIC,Australia Glenn R. Guntenspergen, National Resources Research Institute, US Geological Survey,Duluth,MN,USA Dagmar Haase, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH – UFZ, DepartmentofComputationalLandscapeEcology,Leipzig,Germany Mike Jenks, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford Institute of Sustainable Development,DepartmentofArchitecture,Oxford,UK Cecil Konijnendijk van den Konijnendijk, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management, Alnarp,Sweden Joan Nassauer, University of Michigan, School of Natural Resources and Environment, Landscape Ecology, Perception and Design Lab, Ann Arbor, MI,USA Stephan Pauleit, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Chair for Strategic LandscapePlanningandManagement,Freising,Germany StewardPickett,CaryInstituteofEcosystemStudies,Millbrook,NY,USA RobertVale,VictoriaUniversityofWellington,SchoolofArchitectureandDesign, Wellington,NewZealand KenYeang,LlewelynDaviesYeang,London,UnitedKingdom Makoto Yokohari,UniversityofTokyo, Graduate School ofSciences,Instituteof Environmental Studies, Department of Natural Environment, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan FutureCityDescription Asof2008,forthefirsttimeinhumanhistory,halfoftheworld’spopulationnow liveincities.Andwithconcernsaboutissuessuchasclimatechange,energysupply and environmental health receiving increasing political attention, interest in the sustainabledevelopmentofourfuturecitieshasgrowndramatically. Yet despite a wealth of literature on green architecture, evidence-based design and sustainable planning, only a fraction of the current literature successfully integrates the necessary theory and practice from across the full range of relevant disciplines. Springer’s Future City series combines expertise from designers, and from natural and social scientists, to discuss the wide range of issues facing the architects, planners, developers and inhabitants of the world’s future cities. Its aim is to encourage the integration of ecological theory into the aesthetic, social andpracticalrealitiesofcontemporaryurbandevelopment. Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/8178 € Niki Frantzeskaki (cid:129) Katharina Holscher Matthew Bach (cid:129) Flor Avelino Editors Co-creating Sustainable Urban Futures A Primer on Applying Transition Management in Cities Editors NikiFrantzeskaki KatharinaH€olscher DRIFTFacultyofSocialSciences DRIFTFacultyofSocialSciences ErasmusUniversity ErasmusUniversity Rotterdam,TheNetherlands Rotterdam,TheNetherlands MatthewBach FlorAvelino DRIFTFacultyofSocialSciences DRIFTFacultyofSocialSciences ErasmusUniversity ErasmusUniversity Rotterdam,TheNetherlands Rotterdam,TheNetherlands ISSN1876-0899 ISSN1876-0880 (electronic) FutureCity ISBN978-3-319-69271-5 ISBN978-3-319-69273-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69273-9 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017963359 ©SpringerInternationalPublishingAG2018 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthis book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained hereinor for anyerrors oromissionsthat may havebeenmade. Thepublisher remainsneutralwith regardtojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. Printedonacid-freepaper ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland My Experience with Transition Management Myfirstobservationbeingpartofatransitionmanagementprocesswithinthecity of Rotterdam was the fact that it provided a ‘good excuse’ to create the much- neededspacewithinacityorganisationforcreativityandinnovation.Wehaveseen the transition management process functioning as a strong shield towards risk- averseforces.Exactlywhatwasneeded! Especiallywhenthecrisishithard,thestandardreactionofcitieswasnottostart anythingnewandperformingthecitytaskswiththeminimumpossibleeffort.But what cities desperately needed to tackle wicked urban problems was the exact opposite: new ways of working and new ways of tackling the problems. The previous ways of working certainly proofed that just doing ‘business as usual’ willnotmakeadifferenceforourcitizens.Wefeelitisourobligationtofindways ofworkingthatcanmakearealdifference. We have seen transition management gently forcing cities out of their comfort zonebyinvolvinginitspolicyprocessestheoutsideworld,especiallythosewitha realdriveandtrackrecordforchange.Thiscanfeel‘risky’forurbanpolicyofficers andwillmakethemtrytofindawayoutofthis‘newthing’.Luckily,wehavealso seenthattransitionmanagementcanofferthemuch-neededfirmhandholdtocling ontoandprovidesassurance:‘thiscanreallywork’. On the one hand, reassurances come from the fact that transition management activities are being part of a scientifically well-elaborated method. On the other hand,theDRIFTactionresearcherscanprovidefirst-handexamplesfromcitiesthat appliedthemethod,leadingtorealactionand,moreimportantly,realchangeinthe urbanenvironment.Thisisconvincingevidenceforothercities. Wefirst-handexperiencedthatbeinginthemiddleofthefirststepsofframing and envisioning the process can be overwhelming. Dealing with the overload of informationandtakingonboardtheopinionsoffrontrunnersandunusualsuspects arechallenging.Justlikenotknowingwhatthefutureofthisprocesswillbring.The braveryofthecitiesinvolvedintheprojectIhaveinmymind–MUSICproject– wasimpressive.Thecitycasestudiesenrichedtheunderstandingandfine-tuningof v vi MyExperiencewithTransitionManagement thetransitionmanagement methodforcities.Thesebravecitiesfollowedallsteps of the transition management process from setting the scene towards real action plans, producing actions that changed their cities, to more sustainable and innovativeones. UrbanPlanningDepartment,Strategy CleoPouw andInvestment MunicipalityofRotterdam,Rotterdam, TheNetherlands Contents TransitionManagementinandforCities:Introducing aNewGovernanceApproachtoAddressUrbanChallenges. . . . . . . . . 1 NikiFrantzeskaki,KatharinaH€olscher,JuliaM.Wittmayer,FlorAvelino, andMatthewBach PartI IntroductionofTransitionsThinkinginUrban ContextandTheoreticalGroundsofTransition ManagementinandforCities UnderstandingtheUrbanContextandItsChallenges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 NikiFrantzeskaki,MatthewBach,andPatienceMguni IntroducingSustainabilityTransitions’Thinking inUrbanContexts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 NikiFrantzeskaki,MatthewBach,KatharinaH€olscher,andFlorAvelino TransitionManagement:GuidingPrinciplesandApplications. . . . . . . 81 JuliaM.Wittmayer,FrankvanSteenbergen,NikiFrantzeskaki, andMatthewBach UrbanPlanningandTransitionManagement:Rationalities, InstrumentsandDialectics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 MarcWolfram PartII ApplicationsofTransitionManagementinCities EmpoweringActorsinTransitionManagementin andforCities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 KatharinaH€olscher,FlorAvelino,andJuliaM.Wittmayer vii viii Contents StartingUpTransitionManagement:ACloserViewon theSystemsAnalysisandHowItInitiatedTransformative ThinkinginGhentandAberdeenCities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 SuzanneMaas,KarenFortuin,NikiFrantzeskaki,andChrisRoorda TransitionManagementinUrbanNeighbourhoods: TheCaseofCarnisse,Rotterdam,theNetherlands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 JuliaM.Wittmayer,FrankvanSteenbergen,andMatthewBach AGermanExperience:TheChallengesofMediating ‘Ideal-Type’TransitionManagementinLudwigsburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 KatharinaH€olscherandJuliaM.Wittmayer TransitionManagementforLocalSustainability: ACaseStudyfromLaBotijaProtectedArea, SanMarcosdeColo´n,Honduras. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 GiorgiaSilvestriandNikiFrantzeskaki PartIII WhatTransitionManagementCouldOffer inDifferentContexts TranslatingTransitionsThinkingandTransition ManagementintotheCityPlanningWorld. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 PeterWalsh TransitionManagementinUrbanChina:Co-creation ofNewHomesoraMonopolyGame?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 QianqingLindsayMai ATransitionManagementApproachforShrinking CitiesintheUnitedStates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 TerrySchwarz Context-DrivenTransitionManagementasaNecessary VehicleforSustainableUrbanFuturesinSuriname. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 Danie¨lA.Lachman,MartinusR.J.Panday,andDeryckJ.H.Ferrier UrbanTransitionManagementasaDemocraticPractice? TheCaseofRotterdam’sWaterfrontRegeneration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 ShivantJhagroe PartIV ReflectingontheImpactsofTransition ManagementinCities SoWhat?TransitionManagementasaTransformative ApproachtoSupportGovernanceCapacitiesinCities. . . .. . . . . . . . .. 375 KatharinaH€olscher Appendix:ExercisesandExamQuestionsforLecturers UsingThisBook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 Transition Management in and for Cities: Introducing a New Governance Approach to Address Urban Challenges NikiFrantzeskaki,KatharinaH€olscher,JuliaM.Wittmayer,FlorAvelino, andMatthewBach Abstract For introducing our book, this chapter provides the arguments on why transition management as a governance approach is suitable for cities, as a new strategicplanningapproach.Italsoincludesathoroughliteraturereviewoftransi- tion management applications from 2001 to 2017 that shows its spread as a heuristic, operational and theoretical model for transition governance in multiple sectorsandacrosslocal,regionalandnationallevels.Fromtheliteraturereviewand thebookcontributionswederivetendirectionsforfutureresearchanddevelopment oftransitionmanagementthatcanbenefitnotonlyitsoperationalapplicationsasa process methodology but also its theoretical and heuristic strengths, pointing at theoretical and conceptual deepening and broadening of its tenets and principles. Next,thechapterprovidesanoverviewofthebook,itsfourpartsandsummariesof allchaptercontributions.Last,weprovidea‘guide’onhowtoreadthisbook,and howtobestusetheknowledgeandexperiencesharedinreaders’researchandurban practice. Introduction Cities always face challenges and have the role to be fast paced problem solvers. Solutions are tested and trialed in cities. With more combined challenges at hand ranging from climate change, to urban poverty, cities search for new ways to address them, also questing approaches that help them understand how problems arecreatedaswellasforsearchingsolutions.Localgovernmentsbecomemoreand moreequippedtonotonlyemploynewapproachesinsearchofsystemicsolutions but also to recognize needs for innovative ways in engaging with urban change agentsandtobroadentheirrolefrom‘planners’and‘regulators’tofacilitatorsand N.Frantzeskaki(*)(cid:1)K.H€olscher(cid:1)J.M.Wittmayer(cid:1)F.Avelino(cid:1)M.Bach DutchResearchInstituteForTransitions(DRIFT),FacultyofSocialSciences,Erasmus UniversityRotterdam,Rotterdam,TheNetherlands e-mail:[email protected];[email protected];[email protected]; [email protected];[email protected] ©SpringerInternationalPublishingAG2018 1 N.Frantzeskakietal.(eds.),Co-creatingSustainableUrbanFutures, FutureCity11,https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69273-9_1
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