Table Of ContentPhillip E. Allen
Douglas R. Holberg
CMOS Analog
Circuit Design -
Second Edition J
A\tter years of anticipation, respected authors Phil Allen and Doug Holberg bring you the second edi-
tion of their popular textbook, CMOS Analog Circuit Design. From the forefront of CMOS technology,
Phil and Doug have combined their expertise as engineers and academics to present a cutting-edge and
effective overview of the principles and techniques for designing circuits. Their two main goals are:
* to mix the academic and practical viewpoints in a treatment that is neither superficial nor overly
detailed and
* to teach analog integrated circuit design with a hierarchically organized approach.
Most of the techniques and principles presented in the second edition have been taught over the last
ten years to industry members. Their needs and questions have greatly shaped the revision process,
making this new edition a valuable resource for practicing engineers.
The trademark approach of Phil and Doug's textbook is its design recipes, which take readers step-
by-step through the creation of real circuits, explaining complex design problems. The book provides
detailed coverage of often-neglected areas and deliberately leaves out bipolar analog circuits, since
CMOS is the dominant technology for analog integrated circuit design. Appropriate for advanced under-
graduates and graduate students with background knowledge in basic electronics including biasing,
modeling, circuit analysis, and frequency response, CMOS Analog Circuit Design, Second Edition, pres-
ents a complete picture of design (including modeling, simulation, and testing) and enables readers to
design an analog circuit that can be implemented by CMOS technology.
FEATURES
Orients the experience of the expert within the perspective of design methodology
Identifies common mistakes made by beginning designers
Provides problems with each chapter that reinforce and develop student understanding
Contains numerous problems that can be used as homework, quiz, or exam problems
Includes a new section on switched-capacitor circuits
Includes helpful appendices that provide simulation techniques and the following supplemental
material:
oenoeee
A brief review of circuit analysis for CMOS analog design
A calculator program for analyzing CMOS circuits
A summary of time-frequency domain relationships for second-order systems
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Phillip E. Allen holds the Schlumberger Chair in Microelectronics at the Georgia Institute of Technology
and is a fellow of the IEEE. He has taught at the University of California at Santa Barbara, Texas A&M
University, and currently teaches IC design at both Georgia Tech and in short courses worldwide. He is
the author of several major analog circuit design textbooks and has been awarded the Engineering
Award of Distinction from San Jose State University and the CASS Golden Jubilee Medal from IEEE.
Douglas R. Holberg is a cofounder of Cygnal Integrated Products, Inc., where he serves as Vice President
of Engineering and Chief Technical Officer. Prior to working at Cygnal, he worked at Cirrus Logic, Inc.,
Crystal Semiconductor Corp., Texas Micro Engineering, and Mostek Corp. He is an adjunct assistant
professor at the University of Texas at Austin and an advisor on various technical boards in industry and
academia. He is an inventor on a number of patents in the field of IC design.
UNIVERSITY PRESS
www.oup.com, ISBN 0-19-51164
: ea 90000
OXFORD | | |
9 8780195"11644
4-
‘The Oxford Series in Electrieat and Computer Engineeting
‘Ade! 8 Selea Series Editor
Aleta Holherg, CMOS Analog Circus Desi, 24d ition
Bodbra,Flementiry Linear Creat Arabi, ed Eaton
Bribe, Fandomenate of Flectrical Engineering, 2nd Bion
‘Burns and Roberta, Ax Production 0 Mived Syl IC Test ud Measnement
‘Campbell, he Science and Engineering of Micmetectrac Fabrication, 2nd Eton
Chen, Analog & Dighal Convo Sysem Design
Coeo, Linear System Theory and Derlgn, 3rd Edtion:
Chen, Sytem and Signal Analysis, 2nd Edition
Chen, Digi Signa Procesing
‘Comey, Digal Logle and Siae Machine Design, 3rd Eutfon
Cooper and McGillem, Prahoblsic Medhuds af Sioa and Syatem Analyste, 3nd Fito
DeCavle and Lis, Linear Cre Anciyais, 2nd Eiion
Dimiuije. Understanding Semiconductor Devices
Fortney. Principtes of Steurones: Analog & Digi!
Franco, Blecric Cirevits Fandamensas
Griazov, Dig al Transmission Lines
Guru and Histol, Ziecarie Machinery ate Trosformets, Sed Eon
Hoole asd Hoole, A Modern Short Course in Enghteriag Plecromagnates
Toess,Jetmducron 50 Optical Fiber Commupication Systm
Krein levers of Power Blectanics
Kuo, Digtal Curl Stems, 2d Edhion
Lh, Modern Dighal and Analog Coramanicatons Stems, rt Eton
ahi Signal Processing smd Linear Spica
Lah, anwar Sytem a Sigal
Marti, Dig tntegroted Crewe Desig
Metilem andl Coope, Continuous and Discrete Signat and Spat Analysis, Int Baton
Mines, Line and Electromagnetic Fide for Engineers
Parham, GompucerArtoneie
Roberts an Secs, SPICE, 2 Biition
Roulsan, An Feamdction ta He Phytics ef Semicumtacior Devees
Sauk, Elements of Elecoromagnetiea rd Bain
Saotiog, Subbea ad Hostetter. Digital Gonurt System Design, 2nd Bion.
Sarma, Iermaleiton io Eleirieal Engineering
Schaurman and Van Valkenbarp, Deign of Analog Pliers
Schwarz, Bletmmagnencsfor Engineers
Schwarz and Olt, Elecrial Eagiveeing: An fntesction, 2nd Eton
Soda aad Smith ileretecvonte Creu, throm
Seefan. Saran, Shablan, and Howser, Design of Fezdack Contol Systems, Ath Edition
Vea Velienturg Analog Fer Desig
‘Warver sul Grung, Sericonduceer Device Blecrraes
amr and Geung, MOSFET Taory wad Desig
iolovich, axomatte Control Systems
“Yast: Optical Eecronies i Madera Commumicutons, Sk Baton
CMOS Analog Circuit Design
Second Edition
Douglas R, Holberg
yana intepoted Meducy ne
New York Oxford
OXFORD UNIVERS:TY PRESS
2002
Contents
trjece
Chapter 1 Introduction and Guckgrosnd 1
U Anatog Imegroted-Circ: Design 1
1 Nowtion, Symbology, and Termlactosy 6
1} snatog Signal Prceessing 9
If Trample of Andlog ViSi Mixed-Sigua! Cireuir Design 19
WP Summary 15
Problems 16
References 17
Chapter @ CHAS Techuology 76
21 Basie MOS Semisenductor abrication Procegsex 1
22 Thepe Tunetion 29
BS TheMOs Transistor 36
BE Passive Components 43
25 Giher Considerations of CMOS Tetralogy 38
PR integrated Circuit Layo 55
81 sumaacy 66
Prablems 6X
Referonces 70
8 CONTNIS ”
Chapier 3 CHOS Device Modeling 72
31. Simple 1908 Large-Signal Model (SPICE LEVEL 1) 75
42 Other MOS Large-Signal Model Parameters. 79
A4- Smaltsignl Model for tie MOS Travistor 87
34 Compuer Simulation Models 92
15 suptvostold MOS Model 97
36 SPICE Simian of MOS Citeuis 99
UP summary 109
Problems 110
References 112
Chapter 4 Anateg CMOS Subeircatts 113
41 Mos swites U3
42 MOS DiodetActive Resistor 124
41. current Sinks and Somes. (26
4A. cent Minors 134
43° Current aw! Voltage References 143
4B Bandgap Referenee 153
AY Summary 159
Problems 159
Refereasee 166
Chapter S MOG fmplifters 167
31 Toverters 168
$2. Digtendal Amplifiers 180
SS Cascode Amplifiers 199
SA Current Amplifiers 212
55 Guput Amplitiers 218
SG High-Goin Amplifier architectures 229
. ‘Coments
81 summary 232
Problems 233
References 242
thapterG CMOS Operational Amplifiers 243
BI Design of CMOS Op Amms 244
§2 Compensation of Op Amps 253
61. Design of Two-Stage Op Amps 259
L4 Power-Supply Rejection Ratio of Two-Stage Op Amps 286
BE Coscode Op Amps 293
EG Simmtation and Mearurement of Op Arps 310
EF Macromodels for Op Arups 323
BS summary 341
Problems 342
References 349
Chapter? High-Performance CHAS Op Amps 351
LL Baffered Op Armpa 352
12 High-specd/Frequency Op Amps 304
11 Digtereotial-Output Op Amps 384.
14 Micropower Op Amps 293
VB Low.Noize Op Amps 402
16 LowVoluge Op Amps 415
BP Summary 432
Problems 433
References 437
Chapter @ Comparators 439
4) Charecterization ofa Comparator 439
LE Two-Stage, Open-Loap Comparniors 445,
13. ower Open-Loop Comparsiurs 461
14 improving the Perfocmance of Open-T.aop Compan
$3 Dixawie-Tisw Comparsions 495,
LL High-Speed Compartons 483
(2 summary 488
Probleme 88
Referees 491
Chanter 4 Switched Capacitar Circuits 498
A Switched Copacitor Circuits. 493
AB Sorivehed Capacitor Amplifiers $07
34. Switched Capacitor Integrators 920
44 z-Donin Models of Two-Phase Switched Capes Cireui 532
45 Firs-Onder Swhtahed Cepactor rita S40
BE Secout One Switched Copan Chavis 550
he
oe
Chapter 18 Digital-Aualog and Analeg—Ligitat Converters le
II tmrcdueion ata Charactsizsion of Di
IE Paraie Digital-Acalog Converters 623
UY Extending the Resolution of Parallel Diet
U4 SecialDigiat-Anolog Comencess 6¢7
WS. (atroduction and Characterization of Analog-Digital Converters 652
ILE Serial Ansiog Digital Converters 665
WW?) Medium-Specd Analag-Digitet Converters 667
WA High-Speed Analog-Di
ME Gversampling Converters 698
I~Analog Convertees 613,
|-Analog Converters 635
1 Convener: 682
Contents ak
TM Summary 713
Problems 715
Refecences 129
Append A Circuit Anatysis for Analog Circuit Design 733
Mypeidi B cat0s Device Characterization 244.
Append Tice aod Frequeney Domain Relationships
for Second-Order Systems 768
ier a77
PREFACE
‘Tae objoctive of th accord etan fn bok continues ta be oteach the design of CMOS
amalog cul. The tasching of design reach far beyond giving examples of cucufs and
sowing analysis methods, Iocladec he noctary fondeeentals nd backgroud bu mast
seply them ina fieractice] mame to be novice can underaans,Prebby a most por
‘abe isteach the concep of designing aelogimagrued circus the coment of CMOS
‘ecology. Three concepts enable he render to understate operten of analog CMOS
‘iit anc oka oto change its perfomance With odds components hinking.
{Le vita to maimain personal conzo of w desig, to know what expect and to dices
‘wen simadadon resus eny te alsleading. As nteprce cuts yocome rice eorples, is
ral ua kugy "how the eal wore” Slingo iit Without whe uadersundlng. of
‘how it or can ea otros result,
How does the vases asqize he knowledge of how acca woke? The answer (0 thls
cussion has be te ving toni Une send ein of hs wx. That se seve
Inport ste ti pve, Tei et lar to maya ete Tht. shot
proce sre esl tha ca be derstood and replied in differ cirurstances. The
Second isa vlew utslog negra ciel detlgy fer «Rerarchicl viewpoit This maans
ha he designer ale ove ow sacle ae erm sical. bow spe
ls mre ua ey ul enmploe eats, an fot, Th ti step staat Forth process
Dr il hep he naw designer come up with aloe desigas. This has esl inthe nt
sion cf many “design recipes” which Became popula: wit the fiat dicon and bave been cx
nda in be second elton itis impart te designer eu ht hee ae simply
Three opus othe deriealdctgr of CMOS malog cro, They are (I) archer of he
iret.) dc caret, an (3) WAL eats. Moat design laws ae exes” cap be organic
troand mess mee carps very ly
‘ten yea apo, ws oa clear whl impartince CMOS techology would have o@
snadog eat, Home hs eco very clear that CMOS. ehislogy his hace Ue
technology of choice for analog cht design fa 4 rice aigtalenvrnraat. Tis "whois"
‘aot necesaly that of te Geiger but of lauty ods tha want to use stuart
nologies a implomant analog cele sey with gal eos. As eeu, the fst elton
of CMOS Analog Creat Destgn fallin a med for atom his arc before Tee were oxy
‘es tens on te sbjet. leas Foundexteasie we ia indy ats be wed cla
rom all er he world. Lik the Zt eition he send ec has aso chosen ati
Hote BUT ecology The wisdom ft choice wail be scen a the Yous progr. The e+
td cian hee been deveined uit te gel of extending the angi A he tt itn,
ely in te aes of smog iret design asight and concepts.
