Climate Change and the Oceanic Carbon Cycle: Variables and Consequences PDF
Preview Climate Change and the Oceanic Carbon Cycle: Variables and Consequences
CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE OCEANIC CARBON CYCLE Variables and Consequences CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE OCEANIC CARBON CYCLE Variables and Consequences Edited by Isabel Ferrera, PhD Apple Academic Press Inc. Apple Academic Press Inc. 3333 Mistwell Crescent 9 Spinnaker Way Oakville, ON L6L 0A2 Waretown, NJ 08758 Canada USA ©2017 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. Exclusive worldwide distribution by CRC Press, a member of Taylor & Francis Group No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-77188-536-2 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-315-20749-0 (CRC Press/Taylor & Francis eBook) All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electric, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and re- cording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publish- er or its distributor, except in the case of brief excerpts or quotations for use in reviews or critical articles. This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission and sources are indicated. Copyright for individual articles remains with the authors as indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors, editors, and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors, editors, and the publisher have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged, please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Trademark Notice: Registered trademark of products or corporate names are used only for explanation and identification without intent to infringe. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Climate change and the oceanic carbon cycle : variables and consequences/edited by Isabel Ferrera, PhD. Includes bibliographical references and index. Issued in print and electronic formats. ISBN 978-1-77188-536-2 (hardcover).--ISBN 978-1-315-20749-0 (PDF) 1. Chemical oceanography. 2. Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry). 3. Climatic changes. I. Ferrera, Isabel, editor GC117.C37C65 2017 551.46'6 C2016-907923-6 C2016-907924-4 CIP data on file with US Library of C ongress Apple Academic Press also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that ap- pears in print may not be available in electronic format. For information about Apple Academic Press products, visit our website at www.appleacademicpress.com and the CRC Press website at www.crc- press.com About the Editor ISABEL FERRERA, PhD Dr. Isabel Ferrera holds a PhD from the Autonomous University of Bar- celona since 2004. After a long postdoctoral stay in the USA, she joined the Marine Sciences Institute in Barcelona where she carries out research on the ecology of marine bacteria. In recent years she has specialized in the study of photoheterotrophic bacteria and on how their diversity and activity influence biogeochemical cycling in the ocean. She is author of more than 30 publications and has extensive experience in teaching in the field of environmental microbiology. Contents Acknowledgment and How to Cite ..............................................................ix List of Contributors .....................................................................................xi Introduction ..............................................................................................xvii Part I: Understanding the Importance of Ocean Biogeochemistry 1. Grand Challenges in Marine Biogeochemistry ............................3 Eric P. Achterberg Part II: Quantifying Oceanic Carbon Variables 2. A Statistical Gap-Filling Method to Interpolate Global Monthly Surface Ocean Carbon Dioxide Data ...........................17 Steve D. Jones, Corinne Le Quéré, Christian Rödenbeck, Andrew C. Manning, and Are Olsen 3. The Seasonal Sea-Ice Zone in the Glacial Southern Ocean as a Carbon Sink ................................................................................63 Andrea Abelmann, Rainer Gersonde, Gregor Knorr, Xu Zhang, Bernhard Chapligin, Edith Maier, Oliver Esper, Hans Friedrichsen, Gerrit Lohmann, Hanno Meyer, and Ralf Tiedemann 4. On the Influence of Interseasonal Sea Surface Temperature on Surface Water pCO at 49.0°N/16.5°W and 56.5°N/52.6°W 2 in the North Atlantic Ocean ..........................................................97 Nsikak U. Benson, Oladele O. Osibanjo, Francis E. Asuquo, and Winifred U. Anake 5. Carbon Export by Small Particles in the Norwegian Sea ........107 Giorgio Dall’Olmo and Kjell Arne Mork Part III: Phytoplankton and Oceanic Carbon Cycle 6. Ubiquitous Healthy Diatoms in the Deep Sea Confirm Deep Carbon Injection by the Biological Pump .......................125 S. Agusti, J. I. González-Gordillo, D. Vaqué, M. Estrada, M. I. Cerezo, G. Salazar, J. M. Gasol, and C. M. Duarte viii Contents 7. Carbon Export Efficiency and Phytoplankton Community Composition in the Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean ..........149 Frédéric A. C. Le Moigne, Alex J. Poulton, Stephanie A. Henson, Chris J. Daniels, Glaucia M. Fragoso, Elaine Mitchell, Sophie Richier, Benjamin C. Russell, Helen E. K. Smith, Geraint A. Tarling, Jeremy R. Young, and Mike Zubkov Part IV: Ocean Acidification 8. Ocean Warming–Acidification Synergism Undermines Dissolved Organic Matter Assembly ...............................................191 Chi-Shuo Chen, Jesse M. Anaya, Eric Y-T Chen, Erik Farr, and Wei-Chun Chin 9. Ocean Acidification with (De)Eutrophication Will Alter Future Phytoplankton Growth and Succession ........................207 Kevin J. Flynn, Darren R. Clark, Aditee Mitra, Heiner Fabian, Per J. Hansen, Patricia M. Glibert, Glen L. Wheeler, Diane K. Stoecker, Jerry C. Blackford, and Colin Brownlee 10. Coccolithophore Calcification Response to Past Ocean Acidification and Climate Change .............................................219 Sarah A. O’Dea, Samantha J. Gibbs, Paul R. Bown, Jeremy R. Young, Alex J. Poulton, Cherry Newsam, and Paul A. Wilson 11. Near-Shore Antarctic pH Variability has Implications for the Design of Ocean Acidification Experiments .......................239 Lydia Kapsenberg, Amanda L. Kelley, Emily C. Shaw, Todd R. Martz, and Gretchen E. Hofmann Author Notes ........................................................................................267 Index .....................................................................................................273 Acknowledgment and How to Cite The editor and publisher thank each of the authors who contributed to this book. The chapters in this book were previously published elsewhere. To cite the work contained in this book and to view the individual permissions, please refer to the citation at the beginning of each chapter. Each chapter was carefully selected by the editor; the result is a book that looks at climate change and the oceanic cycle from a variety of perspectives. The chapters included are broken into four sections.
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