Climate Change Adaptation in Practice: From strategy development to implementation

324 Pages·11.648 MB·English

Climate Change Adaptation in Practice
Fromstrategydevelopmenttoimplementation
Climate Change
Adaptation in
Practice
From strategy development
to implementation
EDITED BY
Philipp Schmidt-Thome´
GeologicalSurveyofFinland
Johannes Klein
AaltoUniversity,Finland
A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
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Climatechangeadaptationinpractice:fromstrategydevelopmenttoimplementation/editors,
PhilippSchmidt-Thome´,JohannesKlein.
pagescm
Includesindex.
ISBN978-0-470-97700-2(cloth)
1.Climaticchanges–Governmentpolicy–Europe,Northern. 2.Environmentalpolicy–Europe,
Northern. I.Schmidt-Thome´,Philipp. II.Klein,Johannes.
QC903.2.E853C552013
363.738(cid:3)745610948–dc23
2012048829
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1 2013
Contents
ListofContributors,vii 8 ClimateChangeAdaptationPolicyinBergen:
IdealsandRealities,95
AbouttheEditors,xi
O.Langeland,J.E.Klausen&M.Winsvold
1 CommunicatingClimateChangeAdaptation: 9 AdaptationtoClimateChangeinthe
FromStrategyDevelopmentto Smeltale˙ RiverBasin,Lithuania,111
Implementation,1 EgidijusRimkus,JustasKazˇys,
PhilippSchmidt-Thome´,JohannesKlein, EdvinasStonevicˇius&GintarasValiusˇkevicˇius
AnikaNockert,LarissaDonges&IngaHaller
10 TheGeologicalStructureofPyynikinharju
2 ParticipatoryClimateChangeAdaptationin EskerandtheLocalEffectsofClimate
Kalundborg,Denmark,11 Change,123
B.Bedsted&S.Gram JussiAhonen,TuireValjus&UllaTiilikainen
3 AdaptationtoSeaLevelRise:Calculating 11 ClimateChangeandGroundwater:Impacts
CostsandBenefitsfortheCaseStudy andAdaptationinShallowCoastalAquiferin
Kalundborg,Denmark,25 Hanko,SouthFinland,137
MarkusBoettle,DiegoRybski&Ju¨rgenP.Kropp SamritLuoma,JohannesKlein&
BirgittaBackman
4 CoastalProtectionandMulti-Criteria
DecisionAnalysis:DidacticallyProcessed 12 ClimateChangeandGroundwater–From
Examples,35 ModellingtosomeAdaptationMeansin
MarkusBoettle,PhilippSchmidt-Thome´& ExampleofKlaipe˙daRegion,Lithuania,157
DiegoRybski JurgaArustiene˙,JurgitaKriukaite˙,
JonasSatku¯nas&MariusGregorauskas
5 PreparingforClimateChange:Planning
AdaptationtoClimateChangeintheHelsinki 13 ClimateChange–ANewOpportunityfor
MetropolitanArea,Finland,51 MusselFarmingintheSouthernBaltic?,171
RuusuTuusa,SusannaKankaanpa¨a¨, Anna-MarieKlamt&GeraldSchernewski
JariViinanen,TiiaYrjo¨la¨ &SirkkuJuhola
14 ImpactsofSeaLevelChangetotheWest
6 AdaptationtoFloodsinRiga,Latvia: EstonianCoastalZonetowardstheEnd
HistoricalExperienceandChangeof ofthe21stCentury,185
Approaches,65 ValterPetersell,StenSuuroja,TarmoAll&
LailaKu¯le,AgritaBriede,Ma¯risK¸lavin¸sˇ, MihkelShtokalenko
GuntisEberhards&AndrisLocˇmanis
15 GeodynamicalConditionsoftheKarkle˙
7 ClimateAdaptationinMetropolisHamburg: Beach(Lithuania)andAdaptationtoSea
ParadigmShiftinUrbanPlanningandWater LevelChange,205
Managementtowards‘LivingwithWater’?,83 JonasSatku¯nas,DariusJarmalavicˇius,
JoergKnieling&MareikeFellmer AldonaDamusˇyte˙&GintautasZˇilinskas
v
Contents
16 ConsequencesofClimateChangeand 20 DevelopingAdaptationPoliciesinthe
EnvironmentalPolicyforMacroalgae AgricultureSector:Indonesia’s
AccumulationsonBeachesalongthe Experience,269
GermanBalticCoastline,215 DaisukeSano,S.V.R.K.Prabhakar,
MatthiasMossbauer,SvenDahlke, KikiKartikasari&DoddyJuliIrawan
Rene´Friedland&GeraldSchernewski
21 ‘ClimateRefugee’IsNotaHoax.ButWecan
17 ClimateChangeImpactsonBalticCoastal Avoidit.EmpiricalEvidencefromthe
TourismandtheComplexityofSectoral BangladeshCoast,283
Adaptation,225 M.MustafaSaroar&JayantK.Routray
ChristianFilies&SusanneSchumacher
22 PromotingRiskInsuranceinthe
18 Tourists’PerceptionofCoastalChanges–A
Asia-PacificRegion:LessonsfromtheGround
ContributiontotheAssessmentofRegional
fortheFutureClimateRegimeunder
AdaptationStrategies?,239
UNFCCC,303
LarissaDonges,IngaHaller&
S.V.R.K.Prabhakar,GattineniSrinivasaRao,
GeraldSchernewski
KojiFukuda&ShinanoHayashi
19 ExperiencesinAdaptingtoClimateChange
andClimateRisksinSpain,253
JorgeOlcinaCantos Index,325
vi
List of Contributors
JussiAhonen ChristianFilies
GeologicalSurveyofFinland(GTK),Espoo,Finland EUCC–TheCoastalUnionGermany,Rostock,Germany
TarmoAll Rene´ Friedland
MinistryoftheEnvironment,Tallinn,Estonia LeibnizInstituteforBalticSeaResearch,Warnemu¨nde,Rostock,
Germany
JurgaArustiene˙
LithuanianGeologicalSurvey,Vilnius,Lithuania KojiFukuda
InstituteforGlobalEnvironmentalStrategies,Japan
BirgittaBackman
GeologicalSurveyofFinland(GTK),Espoo,Finland S.Gram
TheDanishBoardofTechnology,Copenhagen,Denmark
B.Bedsted
TheDanishBoardofTechnology,Copenhagen,Denmark MariusGregorauskas
VilniaushidrogeologijaLtd,Vilnius,Lithuania
MarkusBoettle
PotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearch(PIK),
IngaHaller
Potsdam,Germany
EUCC–TheCoastalUnionGermany,Rostock,Germany
AgritaBriede
ShinanoHayashi
UniversityofLatvia,FacultyofGeographyandEarthSciences,
Riga,Latvia InstituteforGlobalEnvironmentalStrategies,Japan
JorgeOlcinaCantos DoddyJuliIrawan
AlicanteUniversity,Alicante,Spain CenterforClimateRiskandOpportunityManagementin
SoutheastAsiaandPacific,BogorAgricultureUniversity,
SvenDahlke Indonesia
UniversityofGreifswald,Kloster/Hiddensee,Germany
DariusJarmalavicˇius
AldonaDamusˇyte˙ NatureResearchCentre,InstituteofGeologyandGeography,
Vilnius,Lithuania
LithuanianGeologicalSurvey,Vilnius,Lithuania
LarissaDonges SirkkuJuhola
LeibnizInstituteforBalticSeaResearch,Warnemu¨nde, DepartmentofRealEstate,PlanningandGeoinformatics,Aalto
Rostock,Germany University;DepartmentofEnvironmentalSciences,Universityof
Helsinki
GuntisEberhards
UniversityofLatvia,FacultyofGeographyandEarthSciences, SusannaKankaanpa¨a¨
Riga,Latvia HelsinkiRegionEnvironmentalServicesAuthority(HSY)
MareikeFellmer KikiKartikasari
HafenCityUniversityHamburg,UrbanPlanningandRegional CenterforClimateRiskandOpportunityManagementin
Development,Germany SoutheastAsiaandPacific,BogorAgricultureUniversity,Indonesia
vii
ListofContributors
JustasKazˇys S.V.R.K.Prabhakar
DepartmentofHydrologyandClimatology,VilniusUniversity, InstituteforGlobalEnvironmentalStrategies,Japan
Lithuania
GattineniSrinivasaRao
Anna-MarieKlamt eeMausam,WeatherRiskManagementServices,India
LeibnizInstituteforBalticSeaResearchWarnemu¨nde,Rostock,
Germany EgidijusRimkus
DepartmentofHydrologyandClimatology,VilniusUniversity,
J.E.Klausen
Lithuania
NorwegianInstituteforUrbanandRegionalResearch(NIBR),
Norway
JayantK.Routray
SchoolofEnvironment,ResourcesandDevelopment
Ma¯risKl¸avin¸sˇ
(SERD),AsianInstituteofTechnology(AIT),Bangkok,
UniversityofLatvia,FacultyofGeographyandEarthSciences, Thailand
Riga,Latvia
DiegoRybski
JohannesKlein
PotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearch(PIK),Potsdam,
GeologicalSurveyofFinland(GTK),Espoo,Finland;Aalto
Germany
University,Espoo,Finland
DaisukeSano
JoergKnieling
InstituteforGlobalEnvironmentalStrategies(IGES),Japan
HafenCityUniversityHamburg,UrbanPlanningandRegional
Development,Germany
M.MustafaSaroar
JurgitaKriukaite˙ SchoolofEnvironment,ResourcesandDevelopment(SERD),
AsianInstituteofTechnology(AIT),Bangkok,Thailand;Urbanand
LithuanianGeologicalSurvey,Vilnius,Lithuania
RuralPlanning,SchoolofScience,EngineeringandTechnology
(SET),KhulnaUniversity,Bangladesh
Ju¨rgenP.Kropp
PotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearch(PIK),Potsdam,
JonasSatku¯nas
Germany;UniversityofPotsdam,InstituteofEarthand
EnvironmentalScience,Potsdam,Germany LithuanianGeologicalSurvey,Vilnius,Lithuania
LailaKu¯le GeraldSchernewski
UniversityofLatvia,FacultyofGeographyandEarthSciences, LeibnizInstituteforBalticSeaResearchWarnemu¨nde,Rostock,
Riga,Latvia Germany;CoastalResearch&PlanningInstitute,Klaipeda
University,Klaipeda,Lithuania
O.Langeland
PhilippSchmidt-Thome´
NorwegianInstituteforUrbanandRegionalResearch(NIBR),
Norway GeologicalSurveyofFinland(GTK),Espoo,Finland;
PotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearch(PIK),Potsdam,
Germany
AndrisLocˇmanis
UniversityofLatvia,FacultyofGeographyandEarthSciences,
SusanneSchumacher
Riga,Latvia
EUCC–TheCoastalUnionGermany,Rostock,Germany
SamritLuoma
MihkelShtokalenko
GeologicalSurveyofFinland(GTK),Espoo,Finland
GeologicalSurveyofEstonia,Tallinn,Estonia
MatthiasMossbauer
EdvinasStonevicˇius
LeibnizInstituteforBalticSeaResearch,Warnemu¨nde,
Rostock,Germany;EUCC–TheCoastalUnionGermany,Rostock, DepartmentofHydrologyandClimatology,VilniusUniversity,
Germany Lithuania
AnikaNockert StenSuuroja
GeologicalSurveyofFinland(GTK),Espoo,Finland GeologicalSurveyofEstonia,Tallinn,Estonia
ValterPetersell UllaTiilikainen
GeologicalSurveyofEstonia,Tallinn,Estonia CityofTampere,UrbanDevelopment,Tampere,Finland
viii
ListofContributors
RuusuTuusa M.Winsvold
DepartmentofRealEstate,PlanningandGeoinformatics, NorwegianInstituteforUrbanandRegionalResearch(NIBR),
AaltoUniversity Norway
GintarasValiusˇkevicˇius TiiaYrjo¨la¨
DepartmentofHydrologyandClimatology,VilniusUniversity, EnvironmentCentre,CityofHelsinki,Finland
Lithuania
GintautasZˇilinskas
TuireValjus NatureResearchCentre,InstituteofGeologyandGeography,
GeologicalSurveyofFinland(GTK),Espoo,Finland Vilnius,Lithuania
JariViinanen
EnvironmentCentre,CityofHelsinki,Finland
ix
About the Editors
Philipp Schmidt-Thome´ is a senior scientist and gic Adaptation Research (NORD-STAR). His research
project manager at the Geological Survey of Finland focus is on climate change adaptation and urban
(GTK) and an Adjunct Professor at the University development.HeworkedasresearcherattheGeolog-
of Helsinki. He is trained as a Geographer (MSc) icalSurveyofFinlandfrom2005to2012andwasthe
and holds a PhD in Geology. He leads the Work- coordinatoroftheBaltCICAproject.
ing Group on Climate Change Adaptation under the
International Union of Geosciences Commission on
Geo-Environment.Hisscientificfocusisongeoscience Acknowledgements
communicationandinterdisciplinarycooperation.His
recentprojectworkhasfocusedonintegratingnatural The Editors acknowledge the significant contribution
hazards,climatechangeandrisksintoland-useplan- of Anika Nockert who was largely responsible for
ningpractices.Heisaregularlecturerinseveraluni- the technical and administrative revision process of
versities and a visiting fellow to the South East Asia this book. Anika Nockert has a Bachelor of Sci-
DisasterPreventionInstitute(SEADPRI). ence in Geography and is an MSc student in ‘Phys-
ical geography of human-environment-systems’ at
Johannes Klein works at the Aalto University, the Humboldt-University in Berlin. She worked as a
Department of Real Estate, Planning and Geoinfor- researchassistantinthe‘ClimateImpacts&Vulnera-
matics,LandUsePlanningandUrbanStudiesGroup. bility’ Research Domain at the Potsdam Institute for
HegraduatedfromtheUniversityofStuttgartinenvi- Climate Impact Research (PIK) and at the Geologi-
ronmental engineering and is currently a PhD stu- calSurveyofFinland(GTK)wheresheprimarilysup-
dentwithintheNordicCentreofExcellenceforStrate- portedtheBaltCICAproject.
xi
1
Communicating Climate Change
Adaptation: From Strategy
Development to Implementation
Philipp Schmidt-Thome´1, Johannes Klein1,2, Anika Nockert1,
Larissa Donges3 & Inga Haller4
1GeologicalSurveyofFinland(GTK),Espoo,Finland
2AaltoUniversity,Espoo,Finland
3LeibnizInstituteforBalticSeaResearchWarnemu¨nde,Rostock,Germany
4EUCC–TheCoastalUnionGermany,Rostock,Germany
focused on the implementation of adaptation mea-
1.1 Introduction sures, which are summarised in this book. Repre-
sentatives of regional and local authorities, munici-
This book displays climate change adaptation mea- palities, research institutes of various disciplines and
sures that were developed and implemented in the universities from eight countries1 participated in the
Baltic Sea Region. International and European insti- project. The BaltCICA project was the third consecu-
tutions, such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Cli- tiveprojectonclimatechangeadaptationintheBaltic
mate Change (IPCC) as well as the EU Commis- SeaRegionconductedundertheGeologicalSurveyof
sion (2009) have identified the necessity of actions Finland.Thefirstoftheseprojects,SEAREG,2 focused
to go beyond strategies and called for the implemen- on awareness raising and structuring of the science-
tation of adaptation measures (IPCC, 2007; COM, stakeholder dialogue. The second project, ASTRA,3
2009). Examples that demonstrate the need for the identified climate change impacts on regional devel-
implementation of climate change adaptation mea- opment and formulated adaptation strategies. The
sures to be politically pushed towards the local level BaltCICA project drew on the experiences of these
are the resolution on resilient cities adopted by the projects and contributed to the implementation of
Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the adaptation measures. It produced new knowledge
Council of Europe (2012), the position paper on cli- relating to climate change impacts, costs and bene-
mate change by the Association of Finnish Local and fits and governance of adaptation. It reduced uncer-
Regional Authorities (Suomen Kuntaliitto, 2010) or taintyindecision-makinginrelationtoadaptationby
the recently published policy document on climate
changeadaptationbytheGermanAssociationofCities
(2012). The latter paper lists a number of adaptation 1Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania,
measurescitiesshalltakeintoconsiderationforfuture NorwayandSweden
2Sea level change affecting the spatial development in the
land-useplanning.
BalticSeaRegion(2002–2005),www.gtk.fi/slr
Consistentwiththesecalls foraction,theClimate
3Developing Policies & Adaptation Strategies to Climate
Change: Impacts, Costs and Adaptation in the Change in the Baltic Sea Region (2005–2007), www.astra-
Baltic Sea Region (BaltCICA) project particularly project.org
ClimateChangeAdaptationinPractice:FromStrategyDevelopmenttoImplementation,FirstEdition.
EditedbyPhilippSchmidt-Thome´andJohannesKlein.
(cid:2)C 2013JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd.Published2013byJohnWiley&Sons,Ltd.
1