CliffsNotes® CSET®: Multiple Subjects, 2nd Edition

602 Pages·2008·39.74 MB·English

by  Jerry Bobrow

CliffsNotes®
CSET® Multiple Subjects
with CD-ROM

CliffsNotes®
CSET® Multiple Subjects
with CD-ROM
3RD EDITION
by
Jerry Bobrow, Ph.D., and Stephen Fisher, M.A.
Contributing Authors
Joy Mondragon-Gilmore, M.S. Bob DiPietro, M.A.
Andrea Markowitz, Ph.D. Jan Christinson, M.A.
Harold D. Nathan, Ph.D. Barbara Swovelin, M.A.
Jeri Jones, M.A. George Crowder, M.A.
Ed Kohn, M.S. Michele Spence, B.A.
Johanna Hays, M.A. Pitt Gilmore, B.A.
About the Authors Authors’ Acknowledgments
Stephen Fisher, M.A. is the author of numerous test Bobrow Test Preparation Services would like to thank
preparation books, including CliffsNotes NTE, MSAT and Suzanne Snyder, Ph.D., project editor, and Christina
CSET preparation guides. Mr. Fisher is a recognized Stambaugh, editorial manager, for John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
authority in the field of test preparation and has developed for their careful review of the manuscript; Linnea Fredrickson
materials and taught CSET preparation classes at colleges and Melinda Masson, our editors; Cindy Hadash and
and universities throughout California. Mr. Fisher was an Ann Rothstein for their assistance; and Maya Hadash for
award winning teacher and administrator in the Beverly her graphic contributions.
Hills Unified School District and retired as principal of
El Rodeo School, a California Distinguished School. Editorial
Jerry Bobrow, Ph.D., was the founder of Bobrow Test Acquisition Editor: Greg Tubach
Preparation Services, administering test preparation
Project Editors: Suzanne Snyder and Christina Stambaugh
programs at over 25 California institutions for over 30 years.
Dr. Bobrow authored over 30 national best-selling test Copy Editors: Marylouise Wiack and Emily Hinkel
preparation books, and his books and programs have
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v

Table of Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Study Guide Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxii
Introduction: An Overview of the CSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Format and Scoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Scoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Getting Started: Five Steps to Success on the CSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Step 1 – Awareness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Step 2 – Assess Your Strengths and Weaknesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Step 3 – Question Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Step 4 – Strategies and Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Step 5 – Practice, Practice, Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Frequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Taking the Computer-Based CSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Computer-Administered Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Computer Screen Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
General Strategies for Multiple-Choice Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
The Elimination Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
The Plus-Minus Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
General Strategies for Constructed-Response Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Rubric for Understanding Your Scores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Evaluating Your Short Constructed Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
PART I: SUBJECT ANALYSES AND REVIEWS
Chapter 1: Subtest I: Reading, Language, and Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Conten .t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Analysis of Exam Areas: Content Specifications in Reading, Language, and Literature . . . . . 13
Domain 1: Language and Linguistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1 .1 Language Structure and Linguistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1 .2 Language Development and Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1 .3 Literacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1 .4 Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Domain 2: Nonwritten and Written Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2 .1 Conventions of Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2 .2 Writing Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2 .3 Writing Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2 .4 Nonwritten Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2 .5 Research Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Domain 3: Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3 .1 Concepts and Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3 .2 Genres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3 .3 Interpretation of Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
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CliffsNotes CSET: Multiple Subjects with CD-ROM, 3rd Edition
Sample Questions and Explanations for the Multiple-Choice Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Domain 1: Language and Linguistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1 .1 Language Structure and Linguistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1 .2 Language Development and Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1 .3 Literacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1 .4 Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Domain 2: Nonwritten and Written Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2 .1 Conventions of Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2 .2 Writing Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2 .3 Writing Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2 .4 Nonwritten Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2 .5 Research Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Domain 3: Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3 .1 Concepts and Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3 .2 Genres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3 .3 Interpretation of Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Sample Questions and Strategies for the Short Constructed-Response Section . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Domain 1: Language and Linguistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Domain 2: Nonwritten and Written Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Domain 3: Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Review of Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Domain 1: Language and Linguistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Language Key Terms and Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Reading Assessments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Phonemic Awareness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Phonological Awareness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Fluency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Text Comprehension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Domain 2: Nonwritten and Written Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2 .1 Conventions of Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2 .2 Writing Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
2 .3 Writing Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
2 .4 Nonwritten Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
2 .5 Research Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Domain 3: Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3 .1 Concepts and Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3 .2 Genres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3 .3 Interpretation of Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Common Themes in Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Literature Key Terms and Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Chapter 2: Subtest I: History and Social Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Conten .t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Analysis of Exam Areas: Content Specifications in History and Social Science . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Domain 1: World History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
1 .1 Ancient Civilizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
1 .2 Medieval and Early Modern Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Domain 2: United States History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
2 .1 Early Exploration, Colonial Era, and the War for Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
2 .2 The Development of the Constitution and the Early Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
2 .3 Civil War and Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
2 .4 The Rise of Industrial America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Domain 3: California History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3 .1 The Pre-Columbian Period Through the Gold Rush . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3 .2 Economic, Political, and Cultural Development Since the 1850s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
viii