Civilization The West & the Rest

514 Pages·2011·6.69 MB·English

by  Ferguson Niall

NIALL FERGUSON
Civilization
The West and the Rest

ALLEN LANE
an imprint of
PENGUIN BOOKS
ALLEN LANE

Published by the Penguin Group
Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England
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First published 2011
Copyright © Niall Ferguson, 2011
The moral right of the author has been asserted
All rights reserved
Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the prior written permission of both the
copyright owner and the above publisher of this book
ISBN: 978-1-84-614282-6
For Ayaan
Contents

List of Illustrations
List of Maps
List of Figures
Preface to the UK Edition
Introduction: Rasselas’s Question
1 Competition
Two Rivers
The Eunuch and the Unicorn
The Spice Race
The Mediocre Kingdom
2 Science
The Siege
Micrographia
Osman and Fritz
Tanzimat Tours
From Istanbul to Jerusalem
3 Property
New Worlds
Land of the Free
American Revolutions
The Fate of the Gullahs
4 Medicine
Burke’s Prophecy
The Juggernaut of War
Médecins Sans Frontières
The Skulls of Shark Island
Black Shame
5 Consumption
The Birth of the Consumer Society
Turning Western
Ragtime to Riches
The Jeans Genie
Pyjamas and Scarves
6 Work
Work Ethic and Word Ethic
Get your Kicks
The Chinese Jerusalem
Lands of Unbelief
The End of Days?
Illustrations
Conclusion: The Rivals
Notes
Bibliography
Index
List of Illustrations

1. Scene from the Hundred Years’ War (Corbis)
2. The Four Conditions of Society: Poverty, Jean Bourdichon, c. 1500
(Bridgeman)
3. The Triumph of Death, Peter Bruegel the Elder, c. 1562 (Getty)
4. The Yongle Emperor (National Palace Museum, Taiwan)
5. Su Song’s water clock (Adrian Pennink)
6. A game of Chinese golf (Palace Museum, Forbidden City)
7. The qilin (Jinghai Temple)
8. The Chinese civil service examination, from a 17th-century history of
Chinese emperors (Bridgeman)
9. Vasco da Gama’s tomb, monastery of St Jerome, Lisbon (Dewald
Aukema)
10. Earl Macartney’s embassy to the Xianlong Emperor, cartoon by James
Gillray (Getty)
11. Jan Sobieski’s men raise the siege of Vienna (Vienna Museum)
12. Sultan Osman III (Bridgeman)
13. Ahmed Resmî Effendi’s arrival in Berlin, 1763 (Dewald Aukema)
14. Frederick the Great’s Anti-Machiavel, with annotations by Voltaire
(Dewald Aukema)
15. Pages from the German edition of Benjamin Robin’s New Principles of
Gunnery (Dewald Aukema)
16. Machu Picchu, Peru (Dewald Aukema)
17. Boneyard Beach, South Carolina (Dewald Aukema)
18. Millicent How’s indenture document (National Archives at Kew)
19. Abraham Smith’s land grant (National Archives at Kew)
20. Map of Charleston (The South Carolina Historical Society)
21. Jerónimo de Aliaga (Dewald Aukema)
22. Simón Bolívar mural in present-day Caracas (Dewald Aukema)
23. Scarred slave (National Portrait Gallery, Washington, DC; copyright ©
Photo SCALA, Florence)
24. Saint-Louis, Senegal (Dewald Aukema)
25. Blaise Diagne (Getty)
26. Louis Faidherbe (Corbis)
27. Senegalese tirailleurs (Institut Pasteur)
28. French doctors in the tropics (Institut Pasteur)
29. Three photographs of ‘Bastard’ women (Adrian Pennink)
30. A Senegalese tirailleur on the Western Front (French MoD; copyright ©
ECPAD)
31. Lüderitz, Namibia (Magic Touch Films; © Manfred Anderson)
32. Young woman on horseback, Urga [Ulan Bator], Mongolia, 1913 (Musée
Kahn)
33. Hirohito and Edward (Getty)
34. Observance of His Imperial Majesty of the Military Manoeuvres of
Combined Army and Navy Forces, Yōshū Chikanobu, 1890 (Museum of
Fine Arts, Boston)
35. Ladies Sewing, Adachi Ginkō, 1887 (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston)
36. Poster for Giant (Alamy)
®
37. Levi’s London flagship store, 174–176 Regent Street (Levi Strauss &
Co)
38. Egon Bondy’s Happy Hearts Club Banned, The Plastic People of the
Universe (Jaroslav Riedel)
39. Headscarves on dummies in Istanbul (Dewald Aukema)
40. Max Weber in America (Getty)
41. The St Louis World’s Fair, 1904 (Missouri History Museum, St Louis)
42. China Inland Mission Students, c. 1900 (Special Collections, Yale
Divinity School Library)
43. An American missionary’s map of South-east China (British Library)
44. A scene of death and destruction from the Taiping Rebellion (Getty)
45. The Nanjing Amity Bible Printing Company (Reuters/Sean Yong)
46. Industrial China (Dewald Aukema)
47. Barack Obama and Wen Jiabao, November 2009 (Corbis)