Chronomics and Continuous Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring: Vascular Chronomics: From 7-Day/24-Hour to Lifelong Monitoring PDF
Preview Chronomics and Continuous Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring: Vascular Chronomics: From 7-Day/24-Hour to Lifelong Monitoring
Chronomics and Continuous Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Vascular Chronomics: From 7-Day/24-Hour to Lifelong Monitoring Kuniaki Otsuka Germaine Cornelissen Franz Halberg 123 Chronomics and Continuous Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Kuniaki Otsuka (cid:129) Germaine Cornelissen Franz Halberg Chronomics and Continuous Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Vascular Chronomics: From 7-Day/24-Hour to Lifelong Monitoring Kuniaki Otsuka Germaine Cornelissen Department of Chronomics & Gerontology University of Minnesota Tokyo Women’s Medical University Halberg Chronobiology Center Medical Center East Minneapolis , MN , USA Arakawa-ku , Tokyo, Japan Franz Halberg University of Minnesota Halberg Chronobiology Center Minneapolis , MN , USA ISBN 978-4-431-54630-6 ISBN 978-4-431-54631-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-54631-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015960960 Springer Tokyo Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer Japan 2016 T his work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. T he use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. T he publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer Japan KK is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) This book is dedicated to Dr. Franz Halberg With great sorrow and a heavy heart we inform our readers that on Sunday June 9, 2013, Professor Franz Halberg passed away. Franz had so much energy that we all thought he would live forever. Even during the last few days of his life, he still wanted to go ahead with our project on writing a book and give it his utmost support. We shall miss him deeply. 1987 Franz Halberg’s passing shy of his 94th birthday leaves a void that cannot be fi lled. He will be remembered for founding the fi elds of chronobiology, chronomics, chronoastrobiology and chronobioethics. His accomplishments are summarized in his over 3,600 scientifi c publications, in cooperation with colleagues from around the world. He coined the term circadian (about 24-hour), after documenting “free-running”, as proof of the endogenicity of circadian rhythms. As evidence for their importance, Franz showed that biologic rhythms tip the scale between health and disease and even between life and death. Many around the world call him their mentor and turned to him for advice, from study design and data analysis to the interpretation of results in the time dimension. His work earned him numerous awards. Apart from holding professorships in Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Physiology, Biology, Bioengineering and Oral Medicine at the University of Minnesota, he received honorary doctorates from the University of Montpellier (France), Ferrara (Italy), Tyumen (Siberia), Brno (Czech Republic), L’Aquila (Italy), and People’s Friendship University of Russia (Moscow, Russia). Born on July 5, 1919 in Romania, Franz Halberg was brought by the US government from post-war Austria to Harvard Medical School, where he held a World Health Organization fellowship. In 1949, he moved to the University of Minnesota, which saw his breakthrough experiments that led to the important discovery of circadian rhythms, and then built-in cycles with many other periods, such as the week, month, year, and even others refl ecting signatures of space- terrestrial weather. Franz discovered that these cycles are partly innate and can be manipulated by environmental synchronizers. He went on to document their importance in clinical medicine, concentrating on preventive cardiology and individually timed treatment in cardiology and oncology. At 93 years of age and still active 7 days a week in the Halberg Chronobiology Center at the University of Minnesota, he was one of the last two recipients of a lifetime career award from the National Institutes of Health. He was a trail blazer who leaves a remarkable legacy. Some of the concepts he introduced are illustrated in this book, dedicated to his memory that will forever be cherished. September 24, 2014 Germaine CORNELISSEN, Professor, University of Minnesota Kuniaki OTSUKA, Professor, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Pref ace Chronobiology Cycles in biology have been reported by keen observers since antiquity. Aschoff [1] suggested that the history of rhythm research began in 650 BC, when the Greek poet Archilochus of Paros wrote “Recognize which rhythms govern man”. As noted by Halberg et al. [2], a later fragment by Archilochus refers to the solar eclipse of 6 April 647 BC, which authenticates the fragment on rhythm as dating from the sev- enth century BC, and identifi es Archilochus as a lyric link to both the study of rhythms and to that of the Sun. In Halberg’s view, the different fragments from the same poet link rhythms, chronobiology more broadly, and the transdisciplinary mapping of time structures (chronomes) to space physics. The opening by day and closing by night of the leaves of the tamarind tree was reportedly [3] described as the “nyktitropic movement” (now called nyctinasty) dur- ing the fourth century BC by Androsthenes of Thasos, who in 324 BC commanded a ship with 30 oars in the campaigns of Alexander the Great, explored Bahrain and its fl ora, and the Arabian coast, and circumnavigated India. His book, now appar- ently lost, was cited by Theophrastus [4]. It fi rst reports on the fact that plants are capable of movement, a characteristic that had previously been attributed only to the animal world. Androsthenes believed that the daily changes from light to darkness rather than changes in environmental temperature were responsible for the leaf movements [3]. Other ancestors singled out by Aschoff [1] include Hippocrates (c. 460–c. 370 BC), Aristotle (384–322 BC), and Galen (130–200). In examining the occurrence of critical days determining a crisis or lysis in the course of illness, Avicenna (980– 1037) found, as Hippocrates and Galen did before him, that the week was an impor- tant unit of biological time, usually elapsing between the start and resolution of disease [5]. P hysiological monitoring started in the seventeenth century. In 1603, William Harvey (1578–1657) noted that “The movement of blood occurs constantly in a circular manner and is the result of the beating of the heart” [6]. Santorio Santorio ix
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