christianity and the transformation book of the Christianity and the Transformation Book of the origen, eusebius, and the library of caesarea Anthony Grafton Megan Williams the belknap press of harvard university press Cambridge,Massachusetts London,England Copyright©2006byAnthonyGraftonandMeganWilliams Allrightsreserved PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica DesignedbyAnnamarieWhy FirstHarvardUniversityPresspaperbackedition,2008 LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Grafton,Anthony. Christianityandthetransformationofthebook:Origen,Eusebius,andthelibraryof Caesarea/AnthonyGrafton,MeganWilliams. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-0-674-02314-7(cloth) ISBN978-0-674-03048-0(pbk.) 1.Eusebius,ofCaesarea,BishopofCaesarea,ca.260–ca.340—Booksandreading. 2.Hexapla. 3.Christianliterature,Early—Historyandcriticism. 4.Librariesand scholars. 5.Books—History—To400. 6.Libraries—Israel—Caesarea—History— To400. 7.Caesarea(Israel)—Intellectuallife. I.Williams,MeganHale,1969– II.Title. BR67.2.G73 2006 270.10922—dc22 2007273343 To Peter Brown Contents Illustrations ix Preface xi CastofCharacters xiv Introduction:Scholars,Books,andLibrariesinthe ChristianTradition 1 1 OrigenatCaesarea:AChristianPhilosopheramong HisBooks 22 2 Origen’sHexapla:Scholarship,Culture,andPower 86 3 Eusebius’sChronicle:HistoryMadeVisible 133 4 EusebiusatCaesarea:AChristianImpresario oftheCodex 178 Coda:CaesareainHistoryandTradition 233 Abbreviations 246 Bibliography 247 contents Notes 291 Acknowledgments 354 Index 357 viii Illustrations Theecclesiasticalscholarandhispatron,fromJohannes Trithemius,Polygraphia(Oppenheim,1518).Courtesyofthe PrincetonUniversityLibrary. 3 Wallpaintingfromthe“banker’shouse”atPompeii,showingat leastthreedifferentkindsofwritingsurfaces.Photo:ErichLessing/ ArtResource,NY(ART162496). 9 CodexAmiatinus,Ezrafrontispiece.Photo:Scala / ArtResource, NY(ART2510). 11 MapoftheMediterraneanworldasOrigenandEusebius knewit. 13 PlanoftheVilladeiPapiriatHerculaneum. 47 FragmentoftheHexaplafromtheCairoGenizah. 97 LayoutoftheHexaplaleaffromtheCairoGenizah,witha proposedreconstructionoftheoriginalfolio. 99
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