Chilean Pipunculidae (Diptera). Key to genera, new records, description of a new species of Eudorylas Aczél and a catalog of species

6 Pages·1997·2.3 MB·

by  José A Rafael

Rev.ChilenaEnt.
1997,24:31 -36
I
CHILEAN PIPUNCULIDAE (DÍPTERA).
KEY TO GENERA, NEW RECORDS, DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF
EUDORYLAS ACZÉL AND A CATALOG OF SPECIES
JoséA. Rafael'-^and RosalyAle-Rocha''^
ABSTRACT
Eudorylasmacrocercusn.sp.,fromChiloé,Island,isdescribedandillustrated. Akeytorecordedgeneraaswell
asacatalogofallknownchileanspeciesofPipunculidaeispresented.
Keywords. Chile,£'M¿or_y/aj,Pipunculidae,Taxonomy.
RESUMEN
Eudorylasmacrocercus,sp.n.,esdescritaeilustradadelaIslaChiloé. Sepresentaunaclaveparagénerosyun
catálogodetodaslasespeciesdePipunculidaeconocidasdeChile.
Palabrasclave:Chile,Eudorylas,Pipunculidae,Taxonomía.
INTRODUCTION the terminaliain males and tip ofsyntergosternite
I VII+VIII in female specimens. The length ofthe
The family Pipunculidae was representedin Chile wing was taken from the base to the tip.
only by four species in Stuardo-Ortiz (1946) and Terminalia was studied by removing the abdo-
Hardy (1966). The papers published by Rafael men, after which it was boiled in a 10% solution
(1988a, 1988b, 1990a, 1992) increased this num- ofpotassiumhydroxide,washedinwaterwithace-
ber to eleven species. Together with the recent tic acid and, after examined, it was placed in a
paper by Ale-Rocha (1996) which described five microvial with glycerin andpinnedalong withthe
newspeciesinthegenusTomosvaryellaAczélfrom specimen.
Chile and the results presented here, with a de- Taxonomic key wascompiled forall generare-
scription of a new Eudorylas species plus a new corded in Chile.
recordofChalarasWalkerwehaveatotalofnine- The classification adopted here follows Rafael
teen recorded species in Chile. andDeMeyer(1992)andDe Meyer(1994). Ter-
minology is based on McAlpine (1981). Abbre-
MATERIALAND METHODS viations used here are:
GR = geographical record(s); Hol. = holotype;
The length of specimens was taken from the Parat. = paratype(s); TD = type depositary; TL =
front of the head (without antennae) to the tip of type locality; Ref. =reference(s).
Acronymsformuseumsare:
'InstitutoNacionaldePesquisasdaAmazonia(INPA),Caixa BMNH- BritishMuseumofNaturalHistory,Lon-
Postal 478, 69011-970, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil(E-mail: don, England
[email protected]) CAS -CaliforniaAcademy ofSciences, SanFran-
-FellowoftheCNPq
USA
cisco,
(Received:April 11, 1997.Accepted: July 18, 1997) CMNH - Carnegie Museum of Natural History,
32 Rev.ChilenaEnt.24, 1997
Pittsburgh, USA CephalopsspuriusFallen (bysubsequentdesigna-
INPA - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da tion ofWestwood, 1840)
Amazonia, Manaus Brazil
LEP - Luis E. Peña collection, Santiago, Chile CHILENSIS Collin, 1931:52; as subspecies of
MCZ - Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cam- spurius Fallen. GR: Argentina (Rio Negro-TL);
bridge, USA Brazil (Paraná, SaoPaulo); Chile (Chiloé, Island).
MZSP - Museu de Zoología de Sao Paulo, Sao TD: hol. male, BMNH. Ref.: Rafael (1988a).
Paulo, Brazil
UFPR - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Thisspecieshaspreviouslybeenrecordedfrom
Departament of Zoology, Curitiba, Bra- ArgentinaandBrazil (Rafael, 1988a, 1990a). De-
zil. spite the specifie ñame it was described from Ar-
gentina, Rio Negro, and this record is the first
RESUUrS from Chile.
KeytogeneraofPipunculidaefromChile(other Materialexamined: CHILE,ChiloéIsland,South
generanotrecorded, butofprobableoccurrencein Chandre, 10-20.xi.l989,L.E.Peña, (1 male, LEP).
Chile, may be keyed through Rafael, 1996).
Subfamily NEPHROCERINAE
1. OcellarbristleMspresent;headhemispherical;postcranium Genus Protonephwcerus Collin
narrow;veins anddm-cuabsent Chalarus^^aiker
1 sp:chilensisCollin Protonephrocerus Collin, 1931:52. Type-spe-
r. Oscwoelllleanr;brwiisntlgesveanbasteinotn;choemapdlneetaerlyspherical;posteranium2 cies:P. chiloensisCollin (byoriginaldesignation).
2(r).Hindmarginofeacheyewithadeepexcisiónatmiddle;
marginsofmesonotumandscutellumwithstrongbristles; CHILOENSIS CoUin, 1931:52. GR: Chile
winganallobeabsent ProtonephwcerusCollin (ChiloéIsland-TL,Nuble,Bio-Bio,Malleco). TD:
1sp.:chiloensisCollin hol. female, BMNH. Ref.: Rafael (1988b).
2'. Hindmarginofeacheyewithoutexcisión;mesonotuman
scutellumwithoutstrongbristles;winganallobedistinct
3 SubfamilyPIPUNCULINAE
3(2').Proepistemumwithfan-liketuftofhairs;veinM2present Tribe Cephalopsini
Cephalosphaera^náQÚdin Genus Cephalosphaera Enderlein
1 sp.:santiagoensisRafael
3'. Proepistemumwithoutfan-liketuftofhairs;veinM2absent
Cephalosphaera Enderlein, 1936:129. Type-
4
4(3').Pterostigmaabsent;thirdsectionofcostashorterorequalin species:PipunculusfurcatusEgger(bymonotypy)
lengthtofourthsectionofcosta TomosvaryellaAczél
8spp.:keypresentedbelow Cephalosphaera (Cephalosphaera) Enderlein
4'. Pterostigmapresent;thirdsectionofcostalongerthanfourth
sectionofcosta 5
5(4').TergiteVIvisibledorsallyinmales 6 SANTIAGOENSISK2á2iQ\, 1992:645.GR: Chile
5' TergiteVInotvisibledorsallyinmales EudorylasAczél (Santiago-TL). TD: hol. male, CAS; parat. male
3spp.:keypresentedbelow and female, CAS, INPA.
6(5).Apexofflagellumobtusebelow;ventralctenidiapresentonly
onmesofemora; tergites withobliquegraypruinosespot
Tribe Eudorylini
posterolaterally ElmohardyiaRaíad
Genus Eudorylas Aczél
1 sp..denigrataRafael
6'. Apexofflagellumacuminatetosubfiliform;ventractenidia
presentonprofemurandmesofemur;tergitewithoutoblique Eudorylas Aczél, 1940:151. Type-species:
graypruinosespot MeíadorylasRaíael Pipunculus opacus Fallen (by original designa-
4spp.:keypresentedbelow
tion).
SubfamilyCHALARINAE
MACROCERCUS Rafael, n. sp. GR: Chile
Genus Chalarus Walker
(ChiloéIsland).TD:hol.male,CMNH;parat.male
and female, CMNH, INPA.
Chalarus Walker, 1834:269. Type-species:
RafaelyAle-Rocha: ChileanPipunculidae(Díptera) 33
POSTICUS(Collin), 1931:59;Pipunculus. GR: crossvein r-m placed near basal one third of cell
Chile (Aconcagua-TL, Valparaíso, Curico, Nuble, dm; anal lobe narrow, absent at basal one fifth.
Llanquihue, Chiloé). TD: hol. female, BMNH. Halteres yellow. Abdomen dark brown to black,
Ref.: Rafael (1995) brown pruinose with tergite I slightly gray prui-
SCOTINUS(Collin), 1931:60;Pipunculus.GR: nose and with yellow lateral brisdes. Terminalia
Argentina(MisionesTL,Chubut);Chile(Santiago, concolor with abdomen, except epandrium, cerci
Curico, Nuble, Arauco, Llanquihue, Chiloé). TD: and surstyli yellow. In ventral view as in Fig. 2.
hol. male, BMNH. Ref.: Rafael (1995) Sternite VI with a median projection. Cerci ex-
I
tremely developed and pilóse and surstyli with a
I
This genus is cosmopolitan and has a wide dis- dorsal protuberance (Fig. 3). Parameres and
tribution in the New World, ranging from Canadá aedeagus as in Fig. 4. Ejaculatory apódeme as in
toChile. TheMexican andCentralAmerican spe- Fig. 5.
cies were revised by Rafael (1993) and the South Body length 4.2 mm; wing 5.8 mm.
American species by Rafael (1995).
Female: (size: 3.9 mm). Frons shinning black,
Key to species ofEudorylas from Chile. except near antennae gray pruinose. Face larger
than frons. Terminalia (Fig. 6) with ovipositor
1. Flagellumaristiform(Fig. 1);winganallobeabsentatbasal shinning yellow. Other respects as in male.
one fifth (Fig. 7); cerci extremely developed (Fig. 3)
E.macrocercus,n.sp. Material:CHILE,Chiloé,IslaChiloé,AhoniAlto,
r. Flagellumshortacuteorrounded;winganallobenormal;
cercinormal 2 ix.1988, Luis E. Peña (hol. male, 3 parat. female,
2(1) Allfemorawithventralctenidia;abdomenpredominantly CMNH; 1 parat. male, 1 parat. female, INPA)
shinningblack;veinr-mplacedatbasalonefourthofcell
dm; tergite I without long bristles laterally Remarks: E. macrocereus, n. ap. differs from
P2' Onlymesofemurwithventralctenidia;aE.bpdoosmteicnuspr{eCdooWmmi)- chileanspeciesiE'.posticus(CoWin)anáE. scotinus
nantlyopaqueblack;veinr-mplacedneartwo-thirdsofcell (Collin)bytheflagellumaristiform, legspredomi-
dm; tergite I with strong bristles laterally nantlyyellowandanallobenarrow, absentatbasal
E.scotinm{CoWin) one fifth. E. posticus and scotinus have short
pointed flagellum, legs predominantly black and
Eudorylas macrocercus Rafael, new species anal lobe normal. The new species differs from
(Figs. 1-7) all other known neotropical species by the ex-
tremely developedcerci andthedifferentshapeof
Diagnosis: Antennaedarkbrown to black; flagel- the parameres and aedeagus.
lumaristiform; postpronotal lobeyellow; legsyel-
low, except coxae andbase ofthe femoradorsally Etymology: The specific ñame refers to the ex-
darkbrown to black; wing anal lobe narrow; male tremely developed cerci in the male terminalia
cerci extremely developed and pilóse. (from Greek makros = long, large, kerkus - cer-
cus).
Holotype: Frons and face silvery gray pruinose.
Antennae (Fig. 1) dark brown to black with fla- Genus Elmohardyia Rafael
gellum aristiform. Thorax dark brown to black,
brown pruinose dorsally, gray pruinose laterally; Elmohardyia Rafael 1987:37. Type-species:
postpronotallobeyellow. Legsyellow,exceptcoxae Pipunculus doelloi Shannon (by original designa-
and base of the femora dorsally dark brown to tion).
black, all tibiae slightly brown medially and all
fifth tarsomeres light brown. DENIGRATA Rafael, 1988c:234. GR: Chile
Mesofemora with more conspicuous ventral (Ñuble-TL, Valparaíso, Maule). TD: hol. male,
ctenidia. Wing (Fig. 7) hyaline; pterostigma LEP; parat. female, CAS, INPA
brown; third costal section one third as long as
fourth, fourth costal section longer than fifth;
34 Rev.ChilenaEnt.24, 1997
Figures1-6:Eudorylasmacroceicus,n.sp.,holotype,exceptfigure6,paratype.1,antenna;2,terminalia,bristlesrepresentedonlyonouter
cercus;3,epandrium,cercusandsurstylus,lateralview;4,paramereandaedeagus;5,ejaculatoryapódeme;6,terminalia,female.All
figuresinthescaleof0.1mm,exceptfigure6inthescaleof0.5mm.
RafaelyAle-Rocha: Chilean Pipunculidae(Díptera) 35
Tribe Tomosvaryellini
Genus Tomosvaryella Aczél
Tomosvaryella Aczél, 1939:22. Type-species:
Pipunculus sylvaticus Meigen (by original desig-
nation)
Figure 7:Eudorylasmacrocercus,n.sp.,wing,paratypemale.
Scale =3mm. BISSULCA Ale-Rocha, 1996:167. GR: Chile
(Santiago-TL, Coquimbo). TD: hol. male, CAS;
parat. males: CAS, MZSP, INPA.
CHILENSISMe-Rocha, 1996:167. GR: Chile
Genus Metadorylas Rafael
(Bio-Bio-TL, Valparaíso, Concepción, Santiago,
Llanquihue, Isla Chiloé, Nuble, Arauco, Osorno).
Metadorylas Rafael, 1987:35, figs. 1-8. Type-
TD: hol. male,LEP; parat-maleandfemale,CAS,
species: Pipunculus schreiteri Shannon (by origi-
INPA, LEP MZSP, BMNH.
nal designation)
CURTA Ale-Rocha, 1996:170. GR: Chile
CHILENSIS Rafael, 1990b:136. GR.: Chile (Santiago-TL, Curicó)TD: hol. male, CAS; parat.
male CAS, INPA.
(Ñuble-TL, Coquimbo, Santiago, Valparaíso,
MEDIOCRIS (Collin), 1931:54; Pipunculus.
Curico,Concepción,Bio-Bio,Osorno,Llanquihue,
GR: Chile (Llanquihue TL, Arauco, Nuble, Bio-
Chiloé). TD: hol. male, LEP; parat. male and fe-
male, CAS, INPA, UFPR, LEP Bio, Malleco, Isla Chiloé); Argentina, (Tierra del
FLAVITIBIA Rafael, I990b:143. GR: Chile Fuego). TD: hol. male, parat. female, BMNH.
(Ñuble-TL, Santiago). TD: hol. male; parat. male Ref.: Ale-Rocha (1996).
PRECTINALIS A\Q-Rochdi, 1996:177. GR:
and female, LEP.
Chile (Santiago-TL, Magallanes, Nuble); Argen-
FUSCITIBIA Rafael, 1990b:145. GR: Ghile
(Ñuble-TL, Valparaíso, Bio-Bio). TD: hol. male, tina (Chubut). TD: hol. male, CAS; parat. male:
CAS, INPA, LEP
LEP; parat. male and female, LEP, INPA.
SIMULATOR {CoWin), 1931:56; Pipunculus. PRUINOSA Ale-Rocha, 1996:181. GR: Chile
GR: Chile (Chiloé Island-TL, Santiago, Nuble, (Santiago-TL, Coquimbo)-TD: hol. male, CAS;
Bio-Bio, Osorno), ? Bohvia (Tarija). TD: hol. fe- parat. male, CAS, INPA.
male, BMNH. Ref.: Rafael (1990b). PULCHRA Ale-Rocha, 1992:347. GR: Brazil
This genus is limited to the New World. It is (Amazonas-TL, Mato Grosso); Paraguay (San
best known in the Neotropical Región. Rafael Pedro); Argentina (Santiago del Estero); Chile
(Coquimbo, Santiago, Nuble, Bio-Bio)- TD: hol.
(1990b) present akey to all species. male, INPA; parat. male, CAS, INPA, MZSR
Key to species ofMetadorylas from Chile (the SUBVIRESCENS(Loew), 1S72:S1;Pipunculus.
Distr.: USA (Texas-TL), widespread in the
figures cited here refer to Rafael, 1990b)
Palaearctic, Oriental, Australian, Nearctic and
Neotropicalregions. Neotropical:México,Belize,
1. 7I2nn)ersurstylussubquadrated,differentMo.fstihmeuoluatteorro{nCeo(WFimg). Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panamá, Bahamas, Ja-
1'. Innersurstyluspointedatapexandwithlateralexpansions maica, Dominica, Cuba, Porto Rico, Colombia,
atbase 2 Perú,Chile,Brazil. TD: hol. male,MCZ(Forsyn-
2(1'). Outer gonopod longer than parameres (Fig. 42) onymy seeAle-Rocha, 1996, with the observation
M.flavitibia'RaíüsX
2'. Outergonopodshorterthanparameres 3 that T. albiseta Cresson was revalidated recently
3. Surstyli narrower than epandrium (Fig. 21-22) by Woodley & Hilburn, 1994).
M.t/ij/eníwRafael Tomosvaryella is the best represented genus in
3'(2'). Surstyli as large as epandrium (Fig. 46) Chile with eight species. Most ofthem were de-
M.fuscitibiaRaíasX scribedby Ale-Rocha (1996).
. ;
36 Rev.ChilenaEnt.24, 1997
Key to species ofTomosvaryellafromChile P.etal.(eds.)DieTierweltMitteleuropeas6.Insekten.Leipzig,
(the figures citedhererefer to Ale-Rocha, 1996) 3(16),259pp.
Hardy,D.E. 1966.45.FamilyPipunculidae(Dorilaidae),pp:1-
15,in:MuseudeZoología,UniversidadedeSaoPaulo(ed.).
1. SyntergostemiteVIIIsubhemispherical,symmetrical,with AcatalogueoftheDipteraoftheAmericasSouthoftheUnited
dorsalsutureontherightside;ductuliofaedeagussmooth States. SaoPaulo,Brasil.
(Fig. 150) T.subvirescens(Losw) LoEW, E. 1872. Diptera Americae septentrionalis indígena
V. SyntergostemiteVIIIasymetrical;ductuliofaedeaguswith Centuria Decima. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift
atleastoneortwosmallteeth 2 76(1):49-124.
2(r).Crossveinr-mpositionedatbasaltwofifthofcelldm;anal Mcalpine,J.F1981. Morphologyandterminology,pp:9-63.In:
2'. Clorboessnvaerirnowre-rmtphoasnitceilolnecdupatornearmidT.dlmeedoifoccerlilsd{mC;oaWnma)l M(eadns.u)a.lMoofnoNgearracpthincrD2i7p,teRreas.1:B6r7a4ncphp.. AMgcrAilcpuilnteur,eJC.Fa.neatdáal..
lobeaslargoasorlargerthancellcup 3 Rafael,J.A., 1987. TwonewgeneraofPipuncuhdae(Diptera)
3(2").TergiteIandtergitesII-Vatsideslargelygraypruinose; fromtheNew\^OT\á.Metadorylas,gen.n.andElmohardyia,
aedeaguselongatedwithsmallteethoverentirelengthof gen. n.,withnew synonyms,designationoflectotypesand
oneductulus(Fig. 135) T.pruinosaAle-Rocha revalidationofaspecies. RevistabrasileiradeEntomología
3'. Tergites not densely gray pruinoses; aedeagus short 31(l):35-39.
ramificated 4 Rafael,J.A.1988a. Pipuncuhdae(Diptera)daregiaoneotropical.
4(3').paramereswithoutdorsalsubapicalspines 5 I. Redescricao de Chalaras chilensis Coliin, comb. n. e
4'. paramereswith1or2dorsalsubapicalepines 6 descricao de duas especies novas da Amazonia. Revista
5(4). Sounres;tyleipaasynmdmreitruimcaln,otthebirninsetrlseudrstaytlusalpoenxger(tFhiagn.ou3t6e)r Rafabreals,ileJi.rAa.de19Z8o8obl.ogiCa5o(ns1i):d1e-r9.acoes sobre a filogenia de
ZcMríaAle-Rocha NephrocerinaeedescricaodomachodePwtonephwcerus
5'. Surstyüsymmetrical,distinctlyelevatedandbristíeddorsally chiloensis CoUin, 1931 (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Revista
epandriumbristledatapex 7]/7M/c7zraAle-Rocha brasileiradeEntomologiai2(3/4):465-470.
6(4').paramereswith2dorsalspines,thedistalspinethreetimes Rafael,J.A. 1988c.Pipunculidae(Diptera)neotropicaisdogénero
longerthanbasalone(Fig.22) T.chilensisAle-Rocha ElmohardyiaRafael.ActaAmazónica78(1-2):223-264.
6'. paramereswithoneshortdorsalspine 7 Rafael,J.A. 1990a.Revisaodasespeciesneotropicaisdogénero
7(6').aedeaguswithasubapicalclusterofteethoveroneductulus ElmohardyiaWalker(Diptera:Pipunculidae). Iheringia,sene
(Fig.106) T.pectinalisMe-KochSi Zoología,70:45-53.
T. Twoductuliofaedeaguswith 1 or2smallteethnearapex Rafael,J.A. 1990b. AsespeciesneotropicaisdeMetadoiylas
(Fig.14) T.¿?i.uM/caAle-Rocha Rafael(Diptera:Pipunculidae). BoletimdoMuseuParaense
EmíhoGoeldi,serieZoología6(2):127-164.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Rafael,J.A. 1992.Chapter42. Areviewoftheneotropicalspe-
cies ofbig-headed flies, genus Cephalosphaera (Diptera,
&
I thank Dr. Chen W. Young, Department ofIn- Pipunculidae),pp:631-646. In:D.Quintero A.Aiello(eds.):
vertebrate Zoology, Carnegie Museum ofNatural InsectsofPanamáandMesoamerica:Selectedstudies,xxii-i-
History (CMNH), forthe loan ofthePipunculidae Rafa6e9l2,ppJ..A.Oxf1o99r3d.UnEivsepresciiteysPrdeess.Eudorylas Aczél (Diptera,
specimens described here and for reviewing an Pipunculidae)doMéxicoeAméricaCentral. Revistabrasileira
early draft ofthe manuscript. deEntomologiaJ7(4):751-762
Rafael, J.A. 1995. Especies de Eudorylas Aczél (Diptera,
LITERATURECITED Pipunculidae) da América do Sul. Revista brasileira de
Entomologiai9(4):793-838.
AczÉL,M. 1939.DasSystemderFamilieDorylaidae.Dorylaiden Rafael,J.A. 1996. Pipunculidae(Insecta: Diptera)oftheDo-
StudienI.ZoologischerAnzeiger725:15-23. minicanrepublic:newrecordsanddescriptionsofnewspe-
AczÉL, M. 1940. Vorarbeiten zu Einer Monographie der cies. AnnalsofCarnegieMuseum65(4):363-381.
Dorylaiden (Dipt.). Dorylaiden-Studien V. Zoologischer Rafael,J.A.andM.DeMeyer, 1992. Genericclassificationof
Anzeiger;i2(78):140-169. thefamilyPipunculidae(Diptera):acladisticanalysis.Jour-
Ale-Rocha,R.1992.,Descri9aodeTotnosvaryellapulchra,sp.n. nalofNaturalHistory26:637-658.
(Díptera,Pipunculidae). BoletimdoMuseuParaenseEmilio Stuardo-Ortiz, C. 1946. Catálogo de los dípteros de Chile.
AleG-oReolcdhia,,seRr.ie1Z9o9o6l.ogRíeavSi(s2a)o:3d1a5s-3es1p8eciesde Tomosvaryella MSiannitsitaegroi,o2d5e0Apg.ricultura.DirecciónGeneraldeAgricultura,
Aczél daAméricado Sul (Diptera, Pipunculidae). Revista Walker, F.A. 1834. Observations on the British species of
BrasileiradeEntomología40(2):165-187. Pipunculidae. Entomologist'smonthlyMagazine2:262-270
CoLLiN, J.E. 1931. Platypezidae, Pipunculidae, in: Diptera of Westwood,J.O.1840. Anintroductiontothemodemclassifica-
PatagoniaandSouthChile6(2):49-61. tionofinsects. SynopsisofthegeneraofBritishInsects. Or-
De Meyer, M. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships within the derXIII. DipteraAristotle(AntliataFabricius,Halteriptera
CdeeplhaaSloocpiséitnéiR(oDyiaplteerBae,lPgiepudn'cEunltiodmaeo)l.ogBiueU7e3t0t:i7n-1et8.Annales WooCDlLaEirYv,.)N,.LEo.n&doDn.,J.1H58iLpB.URN, 1994.TheDipteraofBermuda.
Enderlein,G. 1936.OrdnungZweiflüger,Diptera,in:Brohmer, Contriburions of the American Entomological Insütute
28(2):1-64.