Charting Transformation through Security: Contemporary EU-Africa Relations

252 Pages·2013·1.51 MB·English

by  Toni Haastrup (auth.)

New Security Challenges Series
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Abdul Haqq Baker
EXTREMISTS IN OUR MIDST
Confronting Terror
Robin Cameron
SUBJECTS OF SECURITY
Domestic Effects of Foreign Policy in the War on Terror
Jon Coaffee, David Murakami Wood and Peter Rogers
THE EVERYDAY RESILIENCE OF THE CITY
How Cities Respond to Terrorism and Disaster
Sharyl Cross, Savo Kentera, R. Craig Nation and Radovan Vukadinovic (editors)
SHAPING SOUTH EAST EUROPE’S SECURITY COMMUNITY FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST
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Trust, Partnership, Integration
Tom Dyson and Theodore Konstadinides
EUROPEAN DEFENCE COOPERATION IN EU LAW AND IR THEORY
Tom Dyson
NEOCLASSICAL REALISM AND DEFENCE REFORM IN POST-COLD WAR EUROPE
Håkan Edström, Janne Haaland Matlary and Magnus Petersson (editors)
NATO: THE POWER OF PARTNERSHIPS
Håkan Edström and Dennis Gyllensporre
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Hakan Edström and Dennis Gyllensporre (editors)
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Christopher Farrington (editor)
GLOBAL CHANGE, CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE NORTHERN IRELAND PEACE PROCESS
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Adrian Gallagher
GENOCIDE AND ITS THREAT TO CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL ORDER
Kevin Gillan, Jenny Pickerill and Frank Webster
ANTI-WAR ACTIVISM
New Media and Protest in the Information Age
Toni Haastrup
CHARTING TRANSFORMATION THROUGH SECURITY
Contemporary EU–Africa Relations
Andrew Hill
RE-IMAGINING THE WAR ON TERROR
Seeing, Waiting, Travelling
Andrew Hoskins and Ben O’Loughlin
TELEVISION AND TERROR
Conflicting Times and the Crisis of News Discourse
Paul Jackson and Peter Albrecht
RECONSTRUCTION SECURITY AFTER CONFLICT
Security Sector Reform in Sierra Leone
Bryan Mabee
THE GLOBALIZATION OF SECURITY
State Power, Security Provision and Legitimacy
Janne Haaland Matlary
EUROPEAN UNION SECURITY DYNAMICS
In the New National Interest
Michael Pugh, Neil Cooper and Mandy Turner (editors)
WHOSE PEACE? CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF
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Brian Rappert and Chandré Gould (editors)
BIOSECURITY
Origins, Transformations and Practices
Brian Rappert
BIOTECHNOLOGY, SECURITY AND THE SEARCH FOR LIMITS
An Inquiry into Research and Methods
Brian Rappert (editor)
TECHNOLOGY AND SECURITY
Governing Threats in the New Millennium
Nathan Roger
IMAGE WARFARE IN THE WAR ON TERROR
Ali Tekin and Paul Andrew Williams
GEO-POLITICS OF THE EURO-ASIA ENERGY NEXUS
The European Union, Russia and Turkey
Lisa Watanabe
SECURING EUROPE
Mark Webber, James Sperling and Martin A. Smith
NATO’s POST-COLD WAR TRAJECTORY
Decline or Regeneration
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Charting Transformation
through Security
Contemporary EU–Africa Relations
Toni Haastrup
Fellow, University of Warwick, UK
© Toni Haastrup 2013
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2013 978-0-230-36390-8
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First published 2013 by
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ISBN 978-1-349-34912-8 ISBN 978-1-137-31549-6 (eBook)
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Contents
List of Illustrations vi
Acknowledgements vii
List of Abbreviations ix
1 Introduction: Continuity and Change in EU–Africa
Relations 1
2 Evaluating a Contemporary Institution: EU–Africa Relations 31
3 Regionalising Security: The APSA and External Partners 61
4 EU Support for the ASF: AMANI AFRICA Cycles 84
5 Scapegoats and Heroes: Establishing a Small Arms Regime? 112
6 Change in Motion: Evolution between Layering and
Conversion 141
Conclusion: Transformation Deferred? 165
Notes 175
Bibliography 181
Index 226
v
Illustrations
Figures
1.1 Pathways of change through cooperation 23
3.1 Components of the African peace and security
architecture 69
6.1 Division of labour: component parts creating the whole 151
6.2 Illustrating security as change in EU–Africa relations 163
Tables
1.1 Key differences between ‘traditional’ and ‘new’ models of
security engagement 8
2.1 Regional organisations in Africa 47
2.2 The other institutionalisms 54
3.1 Peace and security department and PSC secretariat
responsibilities 73
3.2 European Union missions and operations in Africa 75
5.1 African sub-regional frameworks to halt small arms
proliferation 116
5.2 EU micro-disarmament policy instruments 123
6.1 Characteristics of the AMANI AFRICA cycle and SALW
support 144
6.2 Declarations of division of labour in EU policy
frameworks 150
6.3 Observing change in EU–Africa relations through security
cooperation 159
Boxes
1.1 Components of the Joint Africa EU–Strategy, adopted
December 2007, Lisbon, Portugal 20
5.1 PCASED support for ECOWAS moratorium 131
5.2 Pan-African initiative: Fight against Illicit Accumulation
and Trafficking of Firearms in Africa 133
vi
Acknowledgements
This book was started in the Department of Politics and International
Relations at the University of Edinburgh; yet the development of this
work has been within the ‘cosy’ confines of Politics and International
Studies (PAIS) at the University of Warwick. My thanks therefore span
several institutions and countries.
I am incredibly grateful for the encouragement of my advisers John
Peterson and Rachel Hayman for their consistent enthusiasm and sup-
port. And yet my intellectual development would have been impossi-
ble without the support of colleagues (and friends) Nur Abdelkhaliq
Zamora, Ramneek Grewal, Anna-Lena Hogenauer, Amy Niang and
Lorenzo Ranalli, whose constant support always provided the light at
the end of the tunnel. My gratitude also goes to my former office
mates Jaako Kuosmanen, Hilary Cornish, Catherine Rose Stocks-Rankin,
Ewen McIntosh, Kostas Kostagiannis and Chris Ogden for providing an
amiable environment to work in, and the necessary diversions when
needed. I would also like to thank Meryl Kenny, Hope Murray and
Amanda Wittman: three wonderful role models. I am also grateful for
the support of Fiona Mackay, who has been a wonderful friend and
mentor.
A very special thank you goes to Ellen Stewart and Bahar Baser for
being exceptional friends and a wonderful inspiration.
The completion of this book has been encouraged by Shaun Breslin,
Nicola Pratt and Nick Vaughan-Williams, who were always ready to lis-
ten to my frustrations, and especially Richard Whitman, whose wisdom
and constant and quiet encouragement are much appreciated. Special
thanks to two office mates from different seasons – Oz Hassan and
Catherine Jones – and to friends and colleagues Linda Åhall, Chris
Clarke, Laura Downey, Denise Hewlett, Franklyn Lisk, Joao Nunes, Jill
Pavey, Sharifah Sekalala and Alex Sutton: thank you all for making the
working week (and sometimes weekend) bearable.
This book could not have been completed without the cooperation
of many officials and scholars who facilitated my field research, all my
interviewees in Addis Ababa, Brussels and Paris. Because anonymity is
the name of the game, I can say no more, but THANK YOU! I am
especially grateful to the many officials and scholars who shared their
vii
viii Acknowledgements
thoughts and experiences. I am also indebted to the University Associa-
tion of Contemporary European Studies and the European Commission,
and the University of Edinburgh for providing the funding for my field
research.
I am eternally grateful to the Dipeolu family for hosting me on my
first visit to Addis Ababa.
At Palgrave Macmillan, Christina Brian for thinking this was an idea
worth pursuing, and Harriet Barker for having faith that this book could
be finished, thank you. I am also grateful to the anonymous reviewers
for their insightful comments. Finally, I would like to thank my fam-
ily – my siblings, Tejumade and Olumide, my cousin and aunt, Ayo
and Yemii, my grandmother, Elfrida, and especially my parents, Deji
and Esther Haastrup, for their unwavering support and encouragement.
Their generosity, love and patience keep me going and I dedicate this
to them.
Abbreviations
AASM Associated African States and Madagascar
ACDS African Chief of Defence Staff
ACOTA African Contingency Operations Training and
Assistance Programme
ACP African Caribbean and Pacific Group of Countries
ACRI African Crisis Response Initiative
AEC African Economic Community
AFRICOM US Command Africa
AGOA African Growth Opportunity Act
AMIS African Union Mission in Sudan
APF African Peace Facility
APSA African Peace and Security Architecture
ASA Africa–South America Summit
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ASEM Asia–Europe Meeting
ASF African Standby Force
ATCs African Training Centres
AU African Union
CADSP Common African Defence and Security Policy
CAR Central African Republic
CEWS Continental Early Warning System
CFSP Common Foreign and Security Policy
CJTF United States Combined Joint Task Force
CMD Conflict Management Department
CPA Africa–EU Cairo Plan of Action
CPD Conflict Prevention and Early Warning Division
CSDP Common Security and Defence Policy
CSOs Civil Society Organisations
CSSDC Conference on Security, Stability, Development and
Cooperation in the Continent (Africa)
DAC Development Assistance Committee (OECD)
DDR Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration
DEVCO Development and Cooperation – EuropeAid
DFID Department for International Development (UK)
ix