Cerebral Palsy and Related Developmental Disabilities; Prevention and Early Care: An Annotated ...

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DOCUMENT RESUME
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EC 073 561
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AUTHOR
Rembolt, Raymond R., Comp.; Roth, Beth, Comp.
TITLE
Cerebral Palsy and Related Developmental
Disabilities; Prevention and Early Care: An Annotated
Bibliography. Volume 3, 1973. Publication No.
NC-75.905.
INSTITUTION
National Center on Educational Media and Materials
for the Handicapped, Columbus, Ohio.
SPONS AGENCY
Bureau of Education for the Handicapped (DHEW/OE),
Washington, D.C. Media Services and Captioned Films
Branch.
PUB DATE
75
CONTRACT
OEC-0-72-4478
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DESCRIPTORS
Abstracts; *Bibliogral,ies; *Cerebral Palsy;
Exceptional Child Research; *Infancy; Medical
Evaluation; Medical Treatment; Physically
Handicapped; Prenatal Influences; Preschool
Education; *Prevention
IDENTIFIERS
*Developmental Disabilities
ABSTRACT
Volume 3 in a projected series of four annotated
bibliographies contains 453 entries published from 1972 through 1973
on prevention and early care for young children (primarily under two
years of age) afflicted with cerebral palsy or related developmental
disabilities. Arranged alphabetically by author's
name, listings
usually include title, source, volume number and pagination,
publication date, and an abstract of the document's contents. Also
included are author and subject indexes.
(LH)
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*
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*
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* via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not
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CEREBRAL PALSY AND RELATED DEVELOPMENTAL
DISABILITIES -- PREVENTION AND EARLY
CARE
An Annotated Bibliography
Volume III
1973
(Includes Items Published 1972-1973)
Compiled by
RAYMOND R. REMBOLT, M.D., and BETH ROTH,
M.A.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH,
EDUCATION &WELFARE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
NCEMMH Reprint Series
EDUCATION
Publication Number NC-75.905
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STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRE-
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EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY
NATIONAL CENTER ON EDUCATIONAL MEDIA AND MATERIALS
FOR THE HANDICAPPED
The Ohio State University
1975
PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS
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FOREWORD
Cerebral Palsy and Related Developmental Disabilities--Pre-
vention and Early Care: An Annotated Bibliography, compiled by
Raymond R. Rembolt, M.D., and Beth Roth,
was sponsored by the
United Cerebral Palsy Associations, Inc.
It consists of three
volumes: Volume I (1971) includes items published from before
1964
through 1971; Volume II (1972) includes items published 1968-1972;
and Volume III (1973) includes items published in 1972 and
1973.
The project was supported partly by the Association and partly by
the UCPA "Nationally Organized Collaborative Project to Provide
Com-
prehensive Services for Atypical Infants and Their Families"
USOE
(Bureau of Education for the Handicapped)--Grant No.
0-71-4492(616).
Selection and compilation of the material took place mainly
at the
University Hospital School of The University of Iowa.
A panel of experts appointed by
NCEMMH to review the biblio-
graphy has recommended that NCEMMH
arrange for publication of the
bibliography.
Therefore, as a service
to all personnel working
with handicapped young children--educators,
physicians, and re-
searchers--NCEMMH has provided for its
publication, and, with the
assistance of the Ohio State University
Press, for its nationwide
distribution on a nonprofit basis.
This is the first edition.
The NCEMMH Reprint Series
encom-
passes not only previously published materials
which have gone out
of print but also those which NCEMMH
is publishing on behalf of
another organization.
NCEMMH is funded by HEW, USOE
Bureau of Education for the
Handicapped, Media Services and
Captioned Films, Contract Number
OEC-0-72-4478.
To order additional copies of the
bibliography, write to
Publication Sales Division, Ohio
State University Press, 2070
Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210.
iii
PREFACE
Volume III (1973) constitutes the third volume in this series
of four.
It follows a format similar to that of the two previous
volumes - those of 1971 and 1972.
Annotations herein have been pre-
pared from selected publications which
were not considered in the
previous volumes.
The special focus relates to prevention and
early care of those young children who have cerebral palsy
or re-
lated disabilities.
The same emphasis existed in the preparation
of the prior volumes of this series.
The body of this volume is constituted of
453 annotations of
published works which pertain to various
aspects of the subject.
Nine hundred forty-two authors created the works from
which annota-
tions were developed.
Furthermore, approximately ninety percent
of the authors presented herein
are listed for the first time in
this series.
Noteworthy, with the completion of Volume III (1973) there
has
been a total of 1,071 different annotations in this series,
all of
which pertain to the subject.
Peculiar to Volume III (1973) is the
observation that over ninety-two percent of the
publications which
were selected for annotation were published in 1973.
An additional
five percent were published in 1972.
Thus, the reported material
is essentially current at this time.
It is a pleasure to recognize
some of those who have especially
contributed to this project.
Mrs. Beth Roth has selected and anno-
tated a most significant portion of the publications
which were
chosen.
Miss Bonnie Knowles has typed and arranged the
material
presented herein.
The University Hospital School at the University
of Iowa continues as the site of operation for this
undertaking.
To all who have contributed to this project
we are deeply grateful.
Raymond R. Rembolt
University Hospital School
University of Iowa
Iowa City, Iowa
August 14, 1974
VP
L-
0
A
1
Abramson, Harold, ed:
1.
Symposium on the Functionat. Physiopathotogy o6 the
Fetus and
Neonate; Ctinicat Cottetation4.
St. Louis:
C.V. Mosby, 1971.
182 pp.
This Symposium was conducted in February, 1970 by the
Special Committee on Infant
Mortality, Medical Society of the County of New York,
and was supported in part
by The Association for the Aid of Crippled Children
in New York City.
Dr. Abramson,
in initially describing the purpose and
scope of the Symposium, summarizes the sub-
jects considered in each of the 3 Parts of the
Symposium.
Part I contains papers
relating to "in utero physiopathologic diagnosis"
while Part II consists of papers
dealing with "extrauterine physiopathologic diagnosis."
"General considerations"
are discussed in the papers of Part III.
A summary and conclusions are presented.
Alexopoulos, K.A.:
2.
"The Importance of Breech Delivery in the Pathogenesis
of Brain
Damage," Ctinica PediatAiu, 12:248-249, April,
1973.
Studied were 467 children who weighed 1,500
grams or more at birth and who were
breech deliveries.
Some 5.3% of these babies died in the perinatal period.
Of the
443 surviving infants, 373 left the hospital in apparently
good condition.
Data on
the other 70 infants is presented
as are attempts made to follow-up on the children
at ages 2 to 2 1/2 years and 8 years.
"Clearly shown in our series is a high peri-
natal mortality (5.3 per cent) and a high rate of
morbidity (15.8 per cent).
A most
important finding is that 7.2 per cent of the injuries
were of a permanent and serious
nature."
Alper, Milton H., and Roaf, Edward R.:
3.
"Anesthetic Management of the High-Risk
Pregnancy," Cetnicae Obstetnia and Gynecotogy,
16:347-360, March, 1973.
General considerations are discussed as in anesthetic management
in hypertensive dis-
orders of pregnancy and in obstetric
cases involving hemorrhage.
Anesthetic practices
at the Boston Hospital for Women are described.
American Academy
of Pediatrics.
4.
Committee on Children With Handicaps.
"Day Care
for Handicapped
Children," Pediattia, 51:948, 'e ay, 1973.
A statement on
this subject by this committee is presented.
"Amniocentesis:
5.
Rewarding but Risky," Medicat Wmed News, 14:22, December 28, 1973.
Reported are results of a Swedish study which indicate that
although the rewards
outweigh the risks in amniocentesis, "the dangers
are real enough to justify using
amniocentesis only for the most pressing
reasons, and even then only when the physi-
cian is thoroughly skilled in the procedure and has been able
to locate the site of
the placenta in advance by ultrasound."
Andrews, Joan:
6.
"Thiocyanate and Smoking in Pregnancy,"
Jounnae o6 ObstetAia and
Gynaecaeogy o6 the BruLtah Commonweath,
80:810-814, September, 1973.
In this described study, when thiocyanate
levels were measured at delivery in
the
cord and maternal blood of both
smokers and non-smokers, the amount of
thiocyanate
was found to be "significantly greater if
the mother smoked during pregnancy."
When
6
thiocyanate levels were related to the number of cigarettes smoked during the 24
Methods used, results
hours prior to delivery, the results obtained were similar.
"It is suggested that the cyanide
obtained, and their implications are presented.
and thiocyanate present in tobacco are of importance in the aetiology of the increased
incidence of light-for-dates babies and the decrease in hypertension in pregnancy
associated with maternal smoking."
"Conversion of Ring Walker to Chair
Arcangel, Corrine, and Schoenthal, Richard:
7.
for Child With Multiple Orthopedic Deformities," Phyzicat Thetapy, 53:1296-1297,
December, 1973.
Equipment is described and pictured.
"Identification and Evaluation of High-
Aubry, Richard H., and Pennington, John C.:
8.
The Perinatal Concept," Ctinicat Ohtettico and Gynecology, 16:3-27,
Risk Pregnancy:
March, 1973.
"identification
Described is the experience over an 8 year period of the authors in the
of
of a high-risk population, development of a perinatal care system, and evaluation
The Maternal and Child Health Care (MCHC) Index and a Labor
the outcome of such care."
Other scoring means
Index were used in the identification process and are explained.
Then dis-
that have been used to identify the high-risk patient are also described.
cussed is the evaluation of the high-risk fetus and newborn in the perinatal center.
Special methods of evaluation are individually considered including the urinary estro-
ratio,
gen/creatinine ratio, tocodynamometry, the urinary urea nitrogen/total nitrogen
Assessing the results of intensified
ultrasound, and the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio.
perinatal care is also considered.
"Neonatal Jaundice; Modern Trends in Management," Pcmtgnadwate
Avery, Gordon B.:
.9.
Medicine, 54:187-190+, October, 1973.
and compli-
Aspects considered include the causes of jaundice, kernicterus, management,
cations.
"A Case of Transient Hypoglycemia and Hyper-
Aziz, Ezzat M., and Lipsitz, Philip J.:
10.
1973.
glycemia in a Full-Term Neonate," Ctinicat Pediatticz, 12:363-366, June,
retarded,
At age 4 years this child was profoundly mentally
Such a case is presented.
"That
quadriplegic.
had major motor seizures, and was microcephalic and spastic
relieve the convulsions
prompt correction of the hypoglycemia in our child did not
(CNS) damage."
suggests that the primary lesion was central nervous system
11.
Baker, Carol J.; Barrett, Fred F.;
Gordon, Ralph C.; and Yow, Martha
"Suppura-
D.:
tive Meningitis Due to Streptococci
of Lancefield Group B:
A Study of 33 Infants,"
Jounna oi Pediattic4, 82:724-729, April,
1973.
Presented are the clinical and bacteriologic
findings of a study of 33 infants with
meningitis due to group B streptococci.
The infants were divided into the early-
onset group (meningitis diagnosed of <10
days of age) and the late-onset
group (men-
ingitis diagnosed at>10 days of age).
There were 12 infants in the former
group
and 21 in the latter.
In 92% of the early-onset
group maternal obstetric complica-
tions had been detected while this
was true in only 19% of the late-onset
group.
The illness was classified
as being severe in 83% of the early-onset
group and in
only 33% of the late-onset
group.
There was a 58% mortality rate in
the early-onset
group as compared to a 14% mortality rate in
the late-onset group.
"Only one of
the 23 survivors exhibited neurologic
sequelae at the time of follow-up examination."
Other results are presented, and
the findings are discussed, including
the modes of
acquisition and transmission of
group B streptococcal meningitis in the 2
groups of
infants.
Ballou, Brynn, and Todd, Thomas W.:
12.
"Understanding Developmental Disabilities; A
'Sensitization' Workshop Program," Chad/Len
Today, 2:28-29, September-October,
1973.
Described is such a program of 6 activities,
designed by the Developmental Disabili-
ties Development Consultation
Team of the Hamilton County Diagnostic Clinic,
Cincinnati,
Ohio to acquaint professionals and
paraprofessionals with "some of the frustrations
and inhibitions which a child
may experience in addition to certain developmental
dis-
abilities."
Each activity in the 'sensitization'
workshop is explained.
They "dealt
with the use of expressive language; fine
motor coordination and tactile discrimination;
visual and perceptual disorders;
gross motor coordination; hearing impairments; and
auditory and visual discrimination."
It is felt that such a workshop helps those
who
work with handicapped children to
better understand the problems such children
have.
Banham, Katharine:
13.
"Activity Level of Retarded Cerebral Palsied
Children," Exceptionat
Chad/Len, 38:641-642, April, 1972.
Described is an Activity Level Rating
Scale for Infants and Preschool Children which
was designed to aid in the psychological assessment
of cerebral palsied infants and
preschoolers at the North Carolina Cerebral
Palsy Hospital.
Findings are reported on
the repeated rating of 72 young cerebral
palsied children of whom 56
were retarded.
Findings were compared to IQ test
scores, between age groups, between the retarded
children and those of normal intelligence,
and to scores from a group of 20 nonhandi-
capped preschoolers.
Banham, Katharine M.:
14.
"Progress in Mental Development of Retarded Cerebral
Palsied
Infants," ExceptionaZ Chadnen, 39:240, November,
1972.
Findings are reported regarding the testing
and retesting at approximately 6 month
intervals of 102 retarded cerebral palsied
infants on the Cattell Infant Intelligence
Scale, the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale,
Form L-M, and the Quick Screening Scale
of Mental Development.
The Vineland Social Maturity Scale
was also administered and
readministered to 39 of the children.
Results indicated "that the IQ
on the Cattell
and Stanford-Binet scales showed greatest reliability,
r=.80."
"The developmental
r
4
while the
quotient on the Quick Screening Scale was nearly as reliable, r=.79,
reliable mea-
social quotient on the Vineland Social Maturity Scale was the least
infants, r=.33."
sure of progress of the cerebral palsied
"Social and Emotional Adjustment of Retarded CP Infants,"
Banham, Katharine M.:
15.
Exceptiona Chadten, 40:107, October, 1973.
nonhandicapped
Thirty-seven cerebral palsied children, ages 18 to 60 months, and 47
devised to measure the social
preschool children were observed and rated on scales
Scores were compared
and emotional behavior adjustment of infants and preschoolers.
normal children of
for the 2 groups with regard to the cerebral palsied and the
Find-
similar age and also with regard to age and intelligence within the 2 groups.
"The fairly consistent relationship of scores on the
ings are briefly presented.
children and the high positive
scales with age and intelligence of cerebral palsied
measuring
correlations of scores with teachers' ratings suggest that the scores are
social and emotional
adjustment and might serve as an aid in assessing progress in
age."
adjustment of infants and preschool children under 6 years of
"Group B Beta Hemolytic
Barton, Leslie L.; Feigin, Ralph D.; and Lins, Robert:
16.
Pediattia, 82:719-723, April,
Streptococcal Meningitis in Infants," Joutnat a4
1973.
who were diagnosed
Reviewed were the records of 44 infants under the age of 3 months
(GB-BHS) was
Group B beta hemolytic streptococcal meningitis
as having meningitis.
These 11 were then studied and com-
identified as described in 11 of these infants.
Findings regarding birth weight, sex, mortality rates,
pared to the other cases.
sensitivity, and subsequent develop-
perinatal factors, neonatal symptoms, antibiotic
"The significant
Implications are presented.
ment are described and discussed.
underscores the need to elucidate the
rate of this organism in infected neonates
infants born to women who are vaginal car-
risk of neonatal infection with GB-BHS in
riers of this organism."
R.A.; and Wylie, Fiona:
Bayer, Hannes; Bonnar, John; Phizackerley, P.J.R.; Moore,
17.
Pregnancy," Jounna. a4 Obstetnia
"Amniotic Fluid Phospholipids in Normal and Abnormal
80:333-337, April, 1973.
and Gynaecology c)4 the EkitiAlt Commonweath,
maturity, phospholipids were measured in 86 specimens
In order to assess fetal lung
pregnancies and from women whose preg-
of amniotic fluid from patients having normal
growth retardation, rhesus iso-Ammu-
nancies were "complicated by hypertension, fetal
of
Using the described method of analysis, a sample
nization and fetal abnormality."
lecithin.
The principle alkali-labile lipid was found to be
only 1 ml is required.
did not develop in any infant who had a pre-
The respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
above 65% of the total phospho-
natal amniotic fluid lecithin level that was at or
prenatal amniotic fluid lecithin levels
However, among those infants who had
lipid.
"This
developed RDS and 3 were anencephalic.
below 60% of the total phospholipid, 3
fluid phospholipid estimation is of major
investigation has confirmed that amniotic
A low lecithin level in amniotic
maturity.
value in the prediction of fetal pulmonary
malformation, particularly anen-
fluid may also be due to the presence of congenital
cephaly."
9
Beagley, H.A.:
18.
"Electro-Physiological Tests of Hearing," Ekitbsil
Joanna of Viz-
o4deius o6 Communication, 8:115-119, October, 1973.
Various electro-physiological tests of hearing, including
those of historical and
current interest, are briefly reviewed.
They are EEG audiometry, the psychogalvanic
skin response, the stapedial reflex, evoked
response audiometry, the contingent nega-
tive variation, and electro-cochleography.
The value of electro-physiological tests
of hearing is that they do not depend
upon a subjective response by the patient.
Thus, they are especially valuable for
use with handicapped children.
Beintema, David J.:
19.
A NeuiLotogicae Study o6 Newborn In6ant4.
Spastics
London:
International Medical Publications in association
with Heinemann Medical Books,
1968.
178 pp.
(Clinics in Developmental Medicine,
No. 28.)
In this book are presented the design and results
of a study of 49 full term neonates
in which "attempts were made to
answer the following questions:
1) What is the devel-
opmental course of neurological signs during the
neonatal period?
2) How consistent
are single neurological signs in individual babies from day
to day?
3) How consis-
tent are the intercorrelations of neurological signs in individual
babies from day
to day?
4) To what extent and for how
many days are neurological signs related to:
a) prenatal and perinatal factors?
b) postnatal factors?"
Much prenatal, delivery,
and postnatal information on the infants
was collected.
Three subgroups were formed:
a fetal distress group of 21 infants, a group of 13 infants with
"obstetrical compli-
cations," and a low risk group of 15 infants.
The infants were studied for 9 days
after birth during which time a total of 364 neurological
evaluations were performed.
These evaluation methods are described in detail
as are the "interrelationships of
neurological signs in individual babies" and the "syndromes"
seen in the infants.
Conclusions are presentea.
Three tables in an appendix and a bibliography
are included.
20.
Bergsjf, Per; Bakke, Trygve; Salamonsen, Lois A.; Stfa,
Karl F.; and Thorsen, Thor:
"Urinary Oestriol in Pregnancy, Daily Fluctuation and Correlation
With Fetal Growth,"
Jotanat o6 Ohtetiticis and Gynaccotogy o6 the BeLitah Commonweath,
80:305-310, April,
1973.
Studied were the urinary estriol determinations of 144
women in 214 series of 3 con-
secutive 24-hour periods.
Methods of analysis are described, and much data are
pre-
sented.
There were large day-to-day variations in output.
The clinical results were
based on the mean 24-hour estriol output over 3 consecutive 24-hour
periods.
A highly
significant difference was found in the estriol output from week
30 of pregnancy on-
wards between the mothers of "normal-sized babies" and the
mothers of "small-for-dates
babies."
In the cases of the small-for-dates babies the serial estriol levels
were
found to be "persistently low, or falling, while in pregnancies with
normal-sized
fetuses the levels rose, often sharply."
"The shape of the curves was more important
than the actual values in predicting the outcome with regard to the birthweight
of
the baby."
Bergsjo, Per, and Brodtkorb, Christian:
21.
"Ultrasonic Fetal Cephalometry in Pre-Eclamp-
sia," Acta aztet4icia Et Gynecotogica Scandinavica,
52:3:249-251, 1973.
Ultrasonic fetal cephalometry was conducted in 35 patients
with pre-eclampsia, and
their fetuses were classified retrospectively based
on standard newborn infant tables
re'
,
6
Findings indicated that
Methods are described.
of birth weight and gestational age.
percentile (normal birth weight
17 infants were classified as being above the 25th
percentile (growth-
for gestational age) and 18 infants were found to be below the 25th
"The biparietal diameters were generally small in growth-retarded
retarded infants).
mothers, and
fetuses, both in relation to fetuses of normal weight in pre-eclamptic
of normal preg-
in relation to the average measurements in a previously compiled group
Implications are discussed.
nancies."
"Lead Intoxication in Children in Birmingham,"
Betts, P.R.; Astley, R.; and Raine, D.N.:
22.
Btitah Medicat Joutnat, 1:402-406, February 17, 1973.
Reported are findings from a study in
Previous research in this area is reviewed.
patients and
which blood lead determinations were performed on 192 general pediatric
Thirty-eight of
1971.
123 mentally subnormal children during the period of 1966 to
Of these
37)mg/100 ml.
these children had a blood lead concentration of greater than
"All these eight had a blood lead con-
38 children, 8 had encephalopathy and 1 died.
Findings regarding anemia, encephalopathy,
centration of 99 Ag/100 ml or above."
described.
radiological examination, and seasonal variation in lead poisoning are
show radiological
"Children with blood lead concentrations greater than 60 Ag/100 ml
considered when blood
evidence of lead intoxication, and treatment for this should be
The results and the diagnostic value of
lead concentration exceeds 37)4g/100 ml."
radiology in lead encephalopathy are discussed.
"Bubble Stability Test Compared With
Bhagwanani, S.G.; Fahmy, D.; and Turnbull, A.C.:
23.
Bkiti4h Medicat _Tout-
Lecithin Assay in Prediction of Respiratory Distress Syndrome,"
nat., 1:697-700, March 24, 1973.
lecithin concentration determina-
Both this bubble stability test, as described, and
from 94 obstetric patients, of
tion were performed on 106 samples of amniotic fluid
A comparison of these 2
whom 80 delivered within 48 hours of obtaining the samples.
resulted in the finding that the
tests in relation to the respiration of the neonate
to be of value in routine
bubble stability test gave "too many false negative results
The idea of the bubble
clinical practice, although a positive result is helpful."
modifications are being investigated.
stability test was thought to be "ingenious," and
"Effect of Rhesus Haemolytic Disease Upon
Binks, A.S.; Lind, T.; and McNay, R.A.:
24.
Btaah Commonwealth,
Birthweight," Joutnat o6 Ohtettic4 and Gynaecotogy o6 the
80:301-304, April, 1973.
disease of the newborn (HDN) were
A total of 3,541 infants who had rhesus hemolytic
according to the severity
The infants were subdivided into 4 listed groups
studied.
The birth weights of
weight.
of their disease and were also compared as to birth
than those of unaffected in-
these babies were found to be lower for gestational age
affected was found to be
Also the degree to which the birth weights were
fants.
Other similar studies are reviewed.
related to the severity of the HDN.
"Malnutrition, Learning, and Intelligence," AmuLican Jou/mat o6
Birch, Herbert G.:
25.
PubtLcHeatth, 62:733-784, June, 1972.
clarified, the types
After the subject is introduced and the term, malnutrition, is
relation between
of studies and the evidence from these studies dealing with the
1.
I
'r