Cement and concrete mineral admixtures PDF
Preview Cement and concrete mineral admixtures
CEMENT and CONCRETE MINERAL ADMIXTURES CEMENT & CONCRETE MINERAL ADMIXTURES MUSTAFA TOKYAY Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business CEMENT and CONCRETE MINERAL ADMIXTURES CEMENT and CONCRETE MINERAL ADMIXTURES CEMENT & CONCRETE MINERAL ADMIXTURES MUSTAFA TOKYAY Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business CEMENT and CONCRETE MINERAL ADMIXTURES CEMENT & CONCRETE MINERAL ADMIXTURES MUSTAFA TOKYAY Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20160322 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-1655-0 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmit- ted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright. com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com To Nuray, Ekin and Arya Contents Introductory remarks and acknowledgements xiii Author xv 1 Admixtures and additions 1 1.1 General 1 1.2 Mineral admixtures 1 2 Natural pozzolans 5 2.1 General 5 2.2 Chemical composition 6 2.3 Mineralogical composition 7 2.4 Fineness 10 3 Fly ashes 11 3.1 General 11 3.2 Mineralogical composition 12 3.3 Chemical composition and classification 13 3.3.1 Classifications according to SiO , 2 Al O , CaO and SO contents 14 2 3 3 3.3.2 Classifications according to CaO content 16 3.4 Fineness, particle size distribution and particle morphology 17 3.5 Density 22 3.6 Radioactivity 22 4 Blast furnace slag 23 4.1 General 23 4.2 Mineralogical composition 26 4.3 Chemical composition 27 4.4 Fineness 28 vii viii Contents 5 Silica fume 29 5.1 General 29 5.2 Chemical composition 31 5.3 Mineralogical composition 31 5.4 Fineness and particle morphology 33 6 Limestone powder 35 6.1 General 35 6.2 Chemical composition 35 6.3 Mineralogical composition 37 6.4 Fineness and particle size distribution 38 7 Other mineral admixtures 41 7.1 Calcined soils 41 7.1.1 Clays 42 7.1.2 Other soils 43 7.2 Rice husk ash 43 7.3 Other industrial and agricultural wastes as possible mineral admixtures 44 7.3.1 Waste glass 45 7.3.2 Brick and tile rejects 45 7.3.3 Stone wastes 46 7.3.4 Municipal solid waste ash 46 7.3.5 Agricultural wastes 46 8 Effects of mineral admixtures on hydration of portland cement 49 8.1 General about PCs 49 8.2 PC Hydration 52 8.2.1 Hydration of tricalcium silicate 52 8.2.2 Hydration of dicalcium silicate 55 8.2.3 Hydration of tricalcium aluminate 56 8.2.4 Hydration of ferrite phase 57 8.2.5 Hydration of PC 58 8.3 Influence of mineral admixtures on hydration 59 8.3.1 Physical influence 61 8.3.2 Chemical influence 65 8.3.2.1 Pozzolanic reactions 65 8.3.2.2 Latent hydraulic reactions 74
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