Cellular and Molecular Neurophysiology, Third Edition (Hammond, Cellular and Molecular Neurophysiology)

417 Pages·2008·13.45 MB·English

by  Constance Hammond

CELLULAR AND
MOLECULAR
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
THIRD EDITION
Legend for the cover image: Culture of hippocampal neurons (14 DIV). The green cells were marked for
phosphoCREB (alexa 488), the blue cells for MAP2 (cyanin 5) and the red (and blue) cell was filled with
rhodamine during whole cell patch clamp recording. (Courtesy of Christophe Porchet INMED France.)
CELLULAR AND
MOLECULAR
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
THIRD EDITION
C H
ONSTANCE AMMOND
AMSTERDAM • BOSTON (cid:129) HEIDELBERG (cid:129) LONDON (cid:129) NEW YORK (cid:129) OXFORD
PARIS (cid:129) SAN DIEGO (cid:129) SAN FRANCISCO (cid:129) SINGAPORE (cid:129) SYDNEY (cid:129) TOKYO
Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier
Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier
84 Theobald’s Road, London WC1X 8RR, UK
30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA
525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA
First edition published as Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 1996
Second edition 2001
Third edition 2008
Reprinted 2003, 2005
Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system
or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher
Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights
Department in Oxford, UK: phone (144) (0) 1865 843830; fax (144) (0) 1865 853333;
email: [email protected]. Alternatively you can submit your request online by
visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting
Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material
Notice
No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons
or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use
or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material
herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent
verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN:978-0-12-374127-1
For information on all Academic Press publications
visit our web site at www.books.elsevier.com
Typeset by Charon Tec Ltd (A Macmillan Company), Chennai, India
www.charontec.com
Printed and bound in China
08 09 10 11 12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
List of Contributors vii 12 The metabotropic glutamate receptors 256
Foreword ix 13 Somato-dendritic processing of postsynaptic
potentials I: Passive properties of dendrites 271
Acknowledgements x
14 Subliminal voltage-gated currents of the
somato-dendritic membrane 279
1 Neurons 1
15 Somato-dendritic processing of postsynaptic
2 Neuron–glial cell cooperation 21
potentials II: Role of subliminal depolarizing
3 Ionic gradients, membrane potential and ionic
voltage-gated currents 294
currents 29
16 Somato-dendritic processing of postsynaptic
4 The voltage-gated channels of Na(cid:2)action
potentials III: Role of high-voltage-activated
potentials 45
depolarizing currents 308
5 The voltage-gated channels of Ca2(cid:2)action
17 Firing patterns of neurons 325
potentials: Generalization 83
18 Synaptic plasticity 342
6 The chemical synapses 111
19 The adult hippocampal network 368
7 Neurotransmitter release 134
20 Maturation of the hippocampal network 386
8 The ionotropic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors 160
9 The ionotropic GABA receptor 186
A
10 The ionotropic glutamate receptors 209 Index 399
11 The metabotropic GABA receptors 232 Instructor support website: textbooks.elsevier.com
B
v
This page intentionally left blank
Contributors
Ben Ari (Chapter 20) François Michel (Appendices 5.1 and 18.1)
Directeur de Recherche Inserm Ingénieur
Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée Université Aix-Marseille II
163 route de Luminy, BP13 Directeur de Recherche Inserm
13273 Marseille 9 Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée
France 163 route de Luminy, BP13
13273 Marseille 9
Monique Esclapez, PhD (Appendix 6.2) France
INSERM U751
Faculté de Medecine Timone David D. Mott, PhD (Chapter 11)
27, boulevard Jean Moulin Assistant Professor
13385 Marseille Cedex 05 Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and
France Neuroscience
School of Medicine
Laurent Fagni, PhD (Chapter 12) University of South Carolina
Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle Columbia, SC 29208
Dépt. de Pharmacologie Moléculaire
UMR 5203 CNRS – U 661 INSERM – Jean-Philippe Pin, PhD (Chapter 12)
Université Montpellier I & II Directeur de Recherche – CNRS
141, rue de la cardonille Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle
34094 Montpellier Cedex 05 Dépt. de Pharmacologie Moléculaire
France UMR 5203 CNRS – U 661 INSERM –
Université Montpellier I & II
Constance Hammond (Chapters 1–10, 13–19) 141, rue de la cardonille
Directeur de Recherche Inserm 34094 Montpellier Cedex 05
Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée France
163 route de Luminy, BP13
13273 Marseille 9
France
Roustem Khazipov (Appendix 9.2)
Directeur de Recherche Inserm
Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée
163 route de Luminy, BP13
13273 Marseille 9
France
vii
This page intentionally left blank
Foreword
This excellent and highly acclaimed textbook by including the authors, title, and journal for the paper
Hammond and co-authors, now in its third edition, that reported the particular discovery. There is no better
remains faithful to its central philosophy that teaching way to teach students integrity and self-confidence
science cannot simply rely on the presentation of facts, than to introduce them to the original papers.
but must also include the intellectual journey that gives Because the current edition contains many updated
birth to key discoveries and results in the solution of chapters and appendices, students will learn about
long-standing puzzles. Science is in constant motion, experiments performed by pioneering authors whom
and neuroscience, in particular, cannot be understood they can actually meet in person at scientific conferences.
without appreciating how ground-breaking experi- This is where the true power of the book lies, as this
ments were designed to test novel hypotheses using a approach enables students to familiarize themselves
combination of intuition, knowledge and experience. with the ever-changing, flesh-and-blood frontlines of
Readers will greatly appreciate this book for several cutting-edge research, while they are still in the process
reasons. Chief among them is that the text introduces of studying the key concepts of molecular and cellular
them to the core scientific process, beyond simply pre- neuroscience. The topics range from elementary proper-
senting solutions to problems. Aunique aspect of this ties of excitable cells to detailed discussions of ion chan-
textbook is that most figures are reproduced from the nels, receptors, and synaptic transmission, all the way to
original papers that first demonstrated a given finding. dendritic integration and various forms of neuronal
This is an excellent didactic approach, because these plasticity. This book is a concise, yet in-depth, highly
original figures not only convey information concern- informative text that will continue to inspire present and
ing particular experimental arrangements and results, future practitioners of neuroscience.
but they also introduce students to the history of neu-
roscience first hand. At the bottom of each figure leg- Ivan Soltesz, PhD
end, for example, readers will find the full reference University of California, Irvine
ix