CCTV. Networking and Digital Technology

594 Pages·2014·66.83 MB·English

by  Vlado Damjanovski (Auth.)

CCTV

CCTV

Vlado Damjanovski

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SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO

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Third Edition

From Light to Pixels

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

CCTV : from light to pixels / Vlado Damjanovski. -- Third edition.

pages cm

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-12-404557-6

1. Closed-circuit television. I. Title. II. Title: C.C.T.V.

TK6680.D36 2014
621.388 5--dc23

2 013023447

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
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ISBN: 978-0-12-404557-6

14 15 16 17 18 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Damjanovski, Vlado, 1956-

Designer

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Senior Editorial Project Manager Amber Hodge

Vlado Damjanovski

X I I I

Preface to this edition

The �rst edition of this book� called simply �CCTV�� was published back in 1995� by my previous

�CCTV Labs��
Butterworth-Heinemann �now an imprint of

is actually a fourth edition if we count the very �rst one from 1995. At

the time� there were hardly any books on this topic� which was the original reason for my �book idea��
Today� it is very encouraging to see� the �written word� about CCTV is more common� both in printed

� This book is an attempt to not only recap some of the known and important

topics covered originally� but to e�pand and update on new technologies and standards� As with the
original idea of the �rst edition� I have again attempted to make this book as complete as possible� and
as contemporary as possible� For this reason� some very old chapters that are now completely obsolete
�like VCRs or CRTs� have been removed and� of course� new content has been added�

The Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) technology has not only evolved� but also diversi�ed� Most
importantly - CCTV is now almost completely digital� Today� almost all new systems are using digital
and IP technology� for encoding� transmitting� viewing, and recording�

The CCTV has changed so much that many are questioning if the term �CCTV� should still be used�
There is a trend where �IP Surveillance� or �IP CCTV� is perhaps offered as a more appropriate� and
this could well be true� at least for some� But� I have decided to keep the term CCTV �rst and foremost
because it is a continuation of the original idea for a complete book on CCTV technology� and� also�
because of the intention for this book not to be seen as e�clusive for surveillance systems� bu t a lso
for schools� universities� hospitals, and manufacturing plants who may not necessarily use CCTV just
for security purposes� So even with digital and IP technology the Closed Circuit TV is still used by a
con�ned �closed� circuit of people� rather than offering it as a stream to an open audience� for anybody
on the network� For these reasons� I considered that the CCTV term still stands its ground� hence the
reason to continue using it� So� even though the majority of readers would be looking at this book as
a great help in understanding and designing surveillance systems� my intention was not to limit the
topics to this area only�

If the previous edition� published in 2005� was badly needed because of the technology updates on the
1999 edition �digital was only starting then�� then the 2005 edition was� after 8 years� even in a more
desperate need for yet another update� The digital technology has further matured and diversi�ed

� so this update was long overdue�

I am pleased to see that my books are still highly regarded by the readers� and rated with �ve stars on
many web sites� including the popular Amazon�com� The previous books have also been translated into
Russian� where they also enjoyed immense success� Such an acknowledgement can only motivate any
author to be even more committed to making each and new edition even better and more informative�

I certainly could not change the contents of the basics of CCTV from the previous editions� but I did
��ne tune� certain sections� and added some new te�t where it was needed� Most importantly� I en-
hanced the contents with new chapters on Digital and Networking in CCTV�

and electronic formats

are reading is a third edition, it

company
L ater on, m y A merican publisher

Elsevier) published two editions, one in 1999, and the other in 2005. So, although this latest edition you

and

new standard initiatives are under way

XIV

Preface
CCTV

Vlado Damjanovski

I have tried to cover the theory and practice of all components and fundamentals of CCTV� This is a
very wide area and involves various disciplines and technologies from electronics� telecommunications�
optics� �ber optics� programming� networking, and digital image processing� So� my intention was to
have a new complete book which still encompasses the basic concepts of CCTV but also includes�
e�plains� and de-mysti�es the new trends in digital CCTV� video compressions� and networking con-
cepts and principles�

Television is a comple� technology� both analog and even more so digital� especially for people who
have never had the opportunity to study it� �nderstanding digital is harder� if not impossible� without
understanding analog television principles� So� if you are not familiar with the analog CCTV� do not
think even for a moment that you can bypass it and go straight to digital and networking� Everything
makes so much more sense in the digital once you know the analog CCTV�

As with the previous editions I had to read and learn new things myself� and then I tried to put every-
thing into the same style and perspective as the previous chapters� �nderstandably� I did not want to
reinvent the wheel� but I made efforts to simplify and e�plain the most important aspects of these new
technologies� I would not have felt comfortable writing about these new subjects if I did not have some
practical e�perience �though modest� at least so far�� so that I tried to see it from a CCTV practical
perspective� Should you be interested in more in-depth knowledge of networking and digital there are
numerous books and courses I would recommend and some are listed in the Bibliography� I hope,
however� that this book will give you a good overview of the relevant CCTV aspects�

I have deliberately simpli�ed e�planations of concepts and principles� made many illustrations� tables�
and graphs for better understanding� and tried to e�plain them in a reasonably plain language� Still� a
technical-minded approach is required�

This book is intended for� and will be very helpful to� installers� sales people� security managers�
consultants� manufacturers� and everyone else interested in CCTV� providing they have some basic
technical knowledge�

The specially designed CCTV test chart that was traditionally printed on the back covers of the previous
editions� has now evolved to an SD�HD �Standard De�nition � High De�nition� version� Like with the
previous CCTV dedicated test charts� this one too is a world-�rst� speci�cally designed for the CCTV
industry� This, time though� I have decided not to print a copy of this chart at the back cover�
included a chapter e�plaining its usage� T he reason for not printing it this time is simple — the new
test chart has some very �ne details and tonal grading which are dif�cult to achieve with the standard
CM�� printing off-set technology� In addition� the size of the book cover and the glossy �nish do not
help in achieving what the chart is designed to do� So� anybody interested in obtaining a proper A3�
size of the new SD�HD test chart� can do so by visiting my company�s web site �www.vidilabs.com��

These test charts have been accepted by many companies around the world� and they have been recom-
mended in many standards and testing procedures by various governments� institutions� consultants
and companies� The test chart is a great tool to check the quality of a system and its components and
compare them with others�

but I have

,

CCTV

Preface
XV

Vlado Damjanovski

Near the end� I would like to also inform readers that for over eight years I have conducted CCTV

based on my books� T hey have proven to be invaluable in summarizing the CCTV technology

� Typically these are one-day� two-day, or

� covering all the topics in the book� or part of it� If anybody is interested in

this� please visit the CCTV Seminars web site �www.cctvseminars.com� and arrange a suitable training
for yourself or your colleagues�

I would like to thank many readers who have already made numerous suggestions and corrections�
Readers who themselves write technical articles would know that no matter how many times one goes
through one�s own te�t will still �nd things that could be corrected� or be said somehow differently�
and unavoidably there will be some errors� although I did my best to eliminate them� Feel free to write
to me if you �nd something needs to be changed or corrected for future editions�

This book has been made possible by my publisher, Elsevier� as well as the CCTV manufacturers who
have believed in me and co-sponsored this edition� These are �in alphabetical order�� A�is Communi-
cations� A��on� C�R��ennedy, and Dallmeier Electronic�

Thank you for purchasing the book, and I hope you will enjoy reading it and using it�

Vlado Damjanovski, B�E� Electronics

May� 2013� Sydney

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