Cardiac Mapping, Third Edition

536 Pages·2009·11.77 MB·English

BLBK050-Shenasa September25,2008 16:40
Cardiac Mapping
Cardiac Mapping, Third Edition Edited by Mohammad Shenasa,
Gerhard Hindricks, Martin Borggrefe, and Günter Breithardt
© 2009 Blackwell Publishing. ISBN: 978-1-405-17572-2
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CommissioningEditor:OliverWalter
DevelopmentEditor:LauraBeaumont
ProductionController:DebbieWyer
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Cardiac Mapping
Third Edition
EDITED BY
Mohammad Shenasa,
MD, FACC,
FAHA, FESC, FHRS
AttendingPhysician
DepartmentofCardiovascularServices
O’ConnorHospital
SanJose,California,USA
Gerhard Hindricks,
MD
Head,DepartmentofElectrophysiology
UniversityLeipzig,HeartCenter
Leipzig,Germany
Martin Borggrefe,
MD
DepartmentofMedicine-Cardiology,
UniversityHospitalofMannheim,
Mannheim,Germany
Gu¨ nter Breithardt,
MD
ProfessorofMedicine(Cardiology)
Head,DepartmentofCardiologyandAngiology
HospitaloftheUniversityofMünster
Mu¨nster,Germany
FOREWORD BY
Douglas P. Zipes,
MD
ProfessorofMedicine,IndianaUniversity,Indianapolis,Indiana,USA
Editor-in-Chief,HeartRhythmJournal
A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
iii
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(cid:2)C Thiseditionfirstpublished2009,(cid:2)C 2003,2009byBlackwellPublishingLtd
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Cardiacmapping/editedbyMohammadShenasa...[etal.].–3rded.
p.;cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-1-4051-7572-2
1.Arrhythmia. 2.Electrocardiography. I.Shenasa,Mohammad.
[DNLM: 1.Electrocardiography. 2.Electrophysiology. 3.HeartDiseases–physiopathology.
WG140C2672009]
RC685.A65C2872009
616.1(cid:3)28–dc22
2008030334
ISBN:9781405175722
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
(cid:2)
Setin9.5/12ptMinionbyAptaraR Inc.,NewDelhi,India
Printed&boundinSingaporebyFabulousPrintersPteLtd
1 2009
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Thisbookisdedicatedtothosewhopavedthe“roadsofcardiacmapping”and
toallwhotaughtus:ourmentors,colleagues,studentsandpatients.
Wealsodedicatethisbooktoourwives,children,andparents
fortheircontinuouslifetimesupportandlove
v
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CD-ROM
A companion CD-ROM is included at the
front of the book
The CD includes:
A database of video clips
A search function
All video clips are referenced in the text where you see this icon.
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Contents
Acknowledgments x 6 PrinciplesofNavXMapping 71
ChristopherPiorkowski,GerhardHindricks
Contributors xi
7 MagneticNavigation:CatheterAblation 80
PrefacetotheThirdEdition xvii
SabineErnst
PrefacetotheSecondEdition xviii
8 CTAngiography:CardiacAnatomyfor
PrefacetotheFirstEdition xix MappingandAblationofArrhythmias 86
JeroldS.Shinbane,DanielGoodwin,LeslieA.
Foreword xx
Saxon,MatthewJ.Budoff
DouglasP.Zipes
9 MRIAnatomyforCardiacMappingand
Ablation 101
PartI HistoricalPerspectives 1 AravindanKolandaivelu,HenryR.Halperin,
AlbertC.Lardo
1 CardiacActivationMapping:TheAmsterdam
Years 3 10 ChallengesandLimitationsof
HeinJ.Wellens ElectroanatomicalMappingTechnologies 117
JeffM.Hsing,PaulZei,HenryH.Hsia,PaulJ.
Wang,AminAl-Ahmad
PartII MethodologicalandTechnical
Considerations 11
PartIII MappinginExperimental
2 ConstructionandInterpretationof ModelsofCardiacArrhythmias 127
EndocardialMaps:FromBasic
11 MappingofAtrialNeuralStimulationand
Electrophysiologyto3DMapping 13
ImplicationsinAtrialFibrillation 129
LarsEckardt,Gu¨nterBreithardt
PierrePag´e,Ren´eCardinal
3 CardiacAnatomyforInterventional
12 MappingofNeurallyBasedAtrial
ElectrophysiologyandMapping 27
Arrhythmias 141
SiewYenHo,Jos´eAngelCabrera,Damian
Guo-DongNiu,BenjaminJ.Scherlag,Zhibing
Sa´nchez-Quintana
Lu,JefferyEdwards,EugenePatterson,
4 PrinciplesofNoncontactEndocardialCardiac MuhammadGhias,AnnerieMoers,ShuZhang,
Mapping 37 RalphLazzara,WarrenM.Jackman,
KimRajappan,RichardJ.Schilling SunnyS.Po
5 PrinciplesofNonfluoroscopic 13 ElectrophysiologicalMappingoftheRight
ElectroanatomicalandElectromechanical andLeftVentricleinAnimals 152
CardiacMapping 49 JacquesMTdeBakker,J´eroˆmeGMJungschleger,
YitzhackSchawrtz,ShlomoA.Ben-Haim MarcA.Vos
vii
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viii Contents
PartIV MappingofSupraventricular PartV MappingofVentricular
Tachyarrhythmias 163 Tachyarrhythmias 299
14 EndocardialCatheterMappinginPatients 23 SubstrateMappingforAblationofVentricular
withWolff–Parkinson–WhiteSyndromeand TachycardiainCoronaryArteryDisease 301
VariantsofPreexcitation 165 JohnV.Wylie,Jr.,TimothyW.Smith,MarkE.
NikolaosDagres,HansKottkamp Josephson
15 CryomappingofthePerinodalRegion:ASafe 24 MappingofUnstableVentricular
andEffectiveTechniqueforAblationoftheAV Tachycardia 310
NodalReentrantTachycardia 183 UshaB.Tedrow,WilliamStevenson
MohammadR.Jazayeri
25 EndocardialandEpicardialMappingof
NonischemicRightandLeftVentricular
16 MappingandAblationofAVNRTand
Cardiomyopathy 323
ItsSubtypes 199
MathewD.Hutchinson,FrancisE.Marchlinski
StephanWillems,DanielSteven,Boris
Lutomsky,ImkeDrewitz,HelgeServatius, 26 RoleofMappinginArrhythmogenicRight
ThomasMeinertz,ThomasRostock VentricularCardiomyopathy 337
MollySachdev,HughCalkins
17 NewObservationsonMappingandAblation
ofAtrialFlutter 212 27 MappingofIdiopathicVentricular
NavinderS.Sawhney,GregoryK.Feld Tachycardias:RVandLVOutflowandSeptal
Tachycardias 346
18 MappingofMacroreentrantAtrial
MohammadAliSadr-Ameli,MajidHaghjoo,
Tachycardias 233
ZahraEmkanjoo
MohammadShenasa,HosseinShenasa,
ChrisopherPiorkowski,GerhardHindricks 28 RoleofDifferentStimulationTechniques
(PaceMapping,EntrainmentMapping)in
19 MappingofFocalAtrialTachycardias 256 DifferentSubsetofVentricular
NitishBadhwar,ByronK.Lee,JefferyE.Olgin Tachycardias 357
FrankBogun,FredMorady
20 InterpretationofAtrialElectrogramsDuring
AtrialFibrillation 267 29 EndocardialCatheterPaceMappingof
S´ebastienKnecht,RajeshSubbiah,M´el`eze VentricularTachycardias 366
Hocini,PierreJa¨ıs,Kang-TengLim,Seiichiro MithileshK.Das,JohnC.Lopshire,Deepak
Matsuo,LeonardoArantes,MarkD.O’Neill, Bhakta,AnilV.Yadav,JohnM.Miller
NicolasDerval,FredericSacher,Antoine
30 ElectricalandAnatomicalMappingof
Deplagne,PierreBordachar,JacquesCl´ementy,
DifferentPathologies:Ischemic,Dilated,and
MichelHa¨ıssaguerre
HypertrophicCardiomyopathies 376
21 DifferentMappingApproachesforAtrial ArashArya,HansKottkamp,Christopher
FibrillationAblation 277 Piorkowski,GerhardHindricks
KRJulianChan,FeifanOuyang,Karl-Heinz
31 MappingandAblationofTachyarrhythmiasin
Kuck
PatientswithCongenitalHeartDisease 385
EdwardP.Walsh
22 IntegrationofNonelectrophysiological
ImagingTechnologiesintotheMappingof 32 TransthoracicEpicardialMappingand
AtrialFibrillation 288 AblationofVentricularTachycardia 401
TamerS.Fahmy,J.DavidBurkhardt,Andrea Andr´ed’Avila,MauricioScanavacca,Eduardo
Natale Sosa
BLBK050-Shenasa September25,2008 16:40
Contents ix
PartVI NewFrontiers 411 38 TheKineticsofIntracellularCalciumand
ArrhythmogenesisinIschemia/Reperfusion:A
33 MappingofVentricularTachycardiaand
Calcium-CentricMechanismof
Fibrillation:RoleofthePurkinjeSystem 413
Arrhythmia 474
PaulB.Tabereaux,DerekJ.Dosdall,Raymond
NabilEl-Sharif,GilBub,VikramLakireddy
E.ldeker
39 RoleofBodySurfaceMapping 485
34 MappingRotorsinAnimalsandHumans
ChristianVahlhaus,Gu¨nterBreithardt,Lars
DuringAtrialFibrillation 423
Eckardt
OmerBerenfeld,J´eroˆmeKhalifa
40 ElectrocardiographicImagingofHeart
35 RoleofMappinginChannelopathies:Brugada
FailurePatientswithLeftBundleBranch
Syndrome,Long-QTSyndrome,and
Block:EffectsofRightVentricularPacing
IdiopathicVF 434
andCardiacResynchronization
SergioRichter,PedroBrugada
Therapy 492
36 MolecularCardiovascularImagingwith NirajVarma,PingJia,YorumRudy
SPECTandPET 454
41 HowtoBetterMapandFutureDirectionsin
MichaelScha¨fers,Gu¨nterBreithardt,Otmar
CardiacMapping 501
Schober
MohammadShenasa,JafarShenasa,Javad
37 OpticalMapping:ItsImpacton Rahimian
UnderstandingArrhythmiaMechanisms 463
GuySalama,Bum-RakChoi Index 520
ACR-ROMwiththevideoclipsreferredtointhetextisincludedwiththisbook.
BLBK050-Shenasa September25,2008 16:40
Acknowledgments
We wish to thank all the contributors for the BlackwellPublishingwhotookonthisproject,and
substantial effort to deliver their state-of-the-art their continuous support toward the publication
work in a very timely fashion. We thank Mona ofthisthirdeditionofCardiacMapping,theonly
Soleimaniehforherassistancefromthebeginning comprehensivetextonthesubject.
totheendofthisproject. Finally,Iwouldliketopersonallythankmybro-
We appreciate the superb job of Gina Almond, ther,Dr.HosseinShenasa,whofreedmefrommy
BeckieBrand,LauraBeaumont,OliverWalter,and dailyclinicalroutinesoIcouldfinishthisproject.
TheEditors
x