Cancer, Complexity, Computation PDF
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Emergence, Complexity and Computation ECC Igor Balaz Andrew Adamatzky Editors Cancer, Complexity, Computation Emergence, Complexity and Computation Volume 46 SeriesEditors IvanZelinka,TechnicalUniversityofOstrava,Ostrava,CzechRepublic AndrewAdamatzky,UniversityoftheWestofEngland,Bristol,UK GuanrongChen,CityUniversityofHongKong,HongKong,China EditorialBoard AjithAbraham,MirLabs,USA AnaLucia,UniversidadeFederaldoRioGrandedoSul,PortoAlegre,RioGrande doSul,Brazil JuanC.Burguillo,UniversityofVigo,Spain SergejCˇelikovský,AcademyofSciencesoftheCzechRepublic,CzechRepublic MohammedChadli,UniversityofJulesVerne,France EmilioCorchado,UniversityofSalamanca,Spain DonaldDavendra,TechnicalUniversityofOstrava,CzechRepublic AndrewIlachinski,CenterforNavalAnalyses,USA JouniLampinen,UniversityofVaasa,Finland MartinMiddendorf,UniversityofLeipzig,Germany EdwardOtt,UniversityofMaryland,USA LinqiangPan,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Wuhan,China GheorghePa˘un,RomanianAcademy,Bucharest,Romania HendrikRichter,HTWKLeipzigUniversityofAppliedSciences,Germany JuanA.Rodriguez-Aguilar ,IIIA-CSIC,Spain OttoRössler,InstituteofPhysicalandTheoreticalChemistry,Tübingen,Germany VaclavSnasel,TechnicalUniversityofOstrava,CzechRepublic IvoVondrák,TechnicalUniversityofOstrava,CzechRepublic HectorZenil,KarolinskaInstitute,Sweden The Emergence, Complexity and Computation (ECC) series publishes new devel- opments, advancements and selected topics in the fields of complexity, computa- tionandemergence.Theseriesfocusesonallaspectsofreality-basedcomputation approachesfromaninterdisciplinarypointofviewespeciallyfromappliedsciences, biology,physics,orchemistry.Itpresentsnewideasandinterdisciplinaryinsighton themutualintersectionofsubareasofcomputation,complexityandemergenceand itsimpactandlimitstoanycomputingbasedonphysicallimits(thermodynamicand quantum limits, Bremermann’s limit, Seth Lloyd limits…) as well as algorithmic limits (Gödel’s proof and its impact on calculation, algorithmic complexity, the Chaitin’sOmeganumberandKolmogorovcomplexity,non-traditionalcalculations likeTuringmachineprocessanditsconsequences,…)andlimitationsarisinginarti- ficial intelligence. The topics are (but not limited to) membrane computing, DNA computing, immune computing, quantum computing, swarm computing, analogic computing, chaos computing and computing on the edge of chaos, computational aspectsofdynamicsofcomplexsystems(systemswithself-organization,multiagent systems,cellularautomata,artificiallife,…),emergenceofcomplexsystemsandits computationalaspects,andagentbasedcomputation.Themainaimofthisseriesis to discuss the above mentioned topics from an interdisciplinary point of view and present new ideas coming from mutual intersection of classical as well as modern methods of computation. Within the scope of the series are monographs, lecture notes, selected contributions from specialized conferences and workshops, special contributionfrominternationalexperts. IndexedbyzbMATH. Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttps://link.springer.com/bookseries/10624 · Igor Balaz Andrew Adamatzky Editors Cancer, Complexity, Computation Editors IgorBalaz AndrewAdamatzky UniversityofNoviSad UnconventionalComputingLaboratory NoviSad,Serbia UniversityoftheWestofEngland Bristol,UK ISSN 2194-7287 ISSN 2194-7295 (electronic) Emergence,ComplexityandComputation ISBN 978-3-031-04378-9 ISBN 978-3-031-04379-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04379-6 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNature SwitzerlandAG2022 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuse ofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,and transmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilar ordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthors,andtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface Cancer is the most enigmatic health disorder humanity ever experienced. The last decade witnessed rethinking and reunderstanding of cancer. Cancer is not an evil creature.Itisjustacreaturewhowantstolive,asallotherlivingbeingsdo.Thebook brings together biomedical scientists, biophysicists, mathematicians and computer scientists.Theysharetheirunorthodoxviewsonorigins,progressandtreatmentof cancer.J.JamesFrostopensthebookwithhischapteruncoveringtwokeyproper- tiesofcancer:symmetry-breakingandcomputationalintelligence.ThenPrzemyslaw Waliszewskidiscussescancerinthelightofcomplementarity,complexityandfractal dynamics.AchapterfromThomasE.Yankeelov’slaboratoryanalysisofhowmedical imaging technologies can be used to obtain patient-specific parameters for mathe- matical models of cancer is given. The effects of over-feeding in computational modelsoftumourgrowtharediscussedbyPanPantziarkaandcolleagues.Conway’s GameofLifecellularautomataaremodifiedwithglobalcouplinginthechapterby VladimirGarcía-Moralesandcolleaguestomodeltumourgrowth.OscarJ.Suarez andcolleaguesdiscussthepotentialofcontrollinggeneticregulatorynetworkstotune cellular response to cancer. Milos Savic and colleagues present implementations of heterogeneous tumour modelling with PhyssiCell software and the implication of the heterogeneity in precision medicine. Sensitivity analysis of the cancer stem cells dynamical simulation is studied by Branislava Lalic and Igor Balaz. Marina Kovacevic presents her pioneer results on the molecular multiscale simulation of nanocarriers for cancer treatment. Michail-Antisthenis Tsompanas and colleagues present a haploid-diploid evolutionary algorithm for the Optimization of nanopar- ticles for cancer treatment. Perspectives of nanomedicine for cancer treatment are overviewedbyPetraGenerandcolleagues.AchapterfromtheSabineHauer’sgroup outlinesthefutureofcancermedicinebasedonswarmsofnanorobots.Thebookends withachapteronmodellingofangiogenesiswithdifferentialequationsandcellular automataauthoredbyIoannisKarafyllidisandcolleagues.BenedettaCasadeiwith co-authorsoverviewstrategiesandmathematicalmodelstostudythecomplexityof v vi Preface drugresistanceincancer.HectorZenilandcolleaguesdiscusshowtousecomputa- tionalanalysistounravelthecomplexityoftheimmunesystem.Thebookismostly self-contained and well-illustrated, and chapters are written in a lively style. The book is accessible to readers from all walks of life and level of education, from laymenandhighschoolstudentstoexperiencedresearchers. NoviSad,Serbia IgorBalaz Bristol,UK AndrewAdamatzky March2022 Contents WhatCancerIs ................................................... 1 J.JamesFrost Complementarity,ComplexityandtheFokker–PlanckEquation; from the Microscale Quantum Stochastic Events to Fractal DynamicsofCancer ............................................... 19 PrzemyslawWaliszewski Quantitative In Vivo Imaging to Enable Tumour Forecasting andTreatmentOptimization ....................................... 55 GuillermoLorenzo, DavidA.HormuthII, AngelaM.Jarrett, ErnestoA.B.F.Lima, ShashankSubramanian, GeorgeBiros, J.TinsleyOden,ThomasJ.R.Hughes,andThomasE.Yankeelov TheEffectofOver-FeedinginaComputationalModelofTumour Growth ........................................................... 99 PanPantziarka,LinaGhibelli,andAlbrechtReichle Modeling Tumour Growth with a Modulated Game of Life CellularAutomatonUnderGlobalCoupling ......................... 117 VladimirGarcía-Morales,JoséA.Manzanares,andJavierCervera Pinning Control to Regulate Cellular Response in Cancer forthep53-Mdm2GeneticRegulatoryNetwork ...................... 133 OscarJ.Suarez,CarlosJ.Vega,EdgarN.Sanchez,GuanrongChen, AnaE.González-Santiago,OtonielRodríguez-Jorge,AlmaY.Alanis, andEstebanA.Hernandez-Vargas Heterogeneous Tumour Modeling Using PhysiCell and Its ImplicationsinPrecisionMedicine .................................. 157 MilošSavic´,VladimirKurbalija,IgorBalaz,andMirjanaIvanovic´ vii viii Contents LocalQuantitativeandQualitativeSensitivityAnalysisofCSC DynamicalSimulation ............................................. 191 BranislavaLalicandIgorBalaz The Role of Molecular Dynamics Simulations in Multiscale ModelingofNanocarriersforCancerTreatment ..................... 209 MarinaKovacevicandIgorBalaz A Haploid-Diploid Evolutionary Algorithm Optimizing NanoparticleBasedCancerTreatments .............................. 237 Michail-AntisthenisTsompanas,LarryBull,AndrewAdamatzky, andIgorBalaz Drawbacks of Bench to Bed Translation of Nanomedicines forCancerTreatment .............................................. 253 PetraGener,AnnaUlldemolins,andSimoSchwartzJr. Swarms:TheNextFrontierforCancerNanomedicine ................ 269 MatimbaSwana, JohannaBlee, NamidStillman, JonathanIves, andSabineHauert StudyofTumourInducedVesselDisplacementintheTumour ProgressionRatewithAdvancedBioinspiredComputationalTools ..... 289 IoannisKarafyllidis, GeorgiosCh.Sirakoulis, andRaphaelSandaltzopoulos Complexities of Drug Resistance in Cancer: An Overview ofStrategiesandMathematicalModels .............................. 309 BenedettaCasadei, MartaGiacosa, AlessandroMaula, SaraPlos, LetiziaZappulla,CamillaViotto,MarcoA.Deriu,andJackA.Tuszynski The Immune System in Health and Disease: The Need forPersonalisedLongitudinalMonitoring ........................... 333 HectorZenil,AbicumaranUthamacumaran,andKouroshSaeb-Parsy What Cancer Is J.JamesFrost …itseemstomethatImustconsiderascontainedinthe individualconceptofmyselfonlythatwhichissuchthatIshould notlongerbemeifitwerenotinme:andthatallthatistothe contrarysuchthatitcouldbeornotbeinmewithoutmyceasing tobeme,cannotbeconsideredinmyindividualconcept. LetterfromAntoineArnauldtoGottfriedLeibniz[1]. Abstract The problem of cancer is examined from the metaphysical standpoint of essence and ground. An essentialist definition of cancer is assumed that would be valid in all possible worlds in which cancer could logically exist. The grounds of cancer are then examined and elucidated. Two grounding cancer properties are identifiedanddiscussed:symmetry-breakingandcomputationalintelligence.Each examination leads to concrete conclusions for novel therapeutic approaches and a morefundamentalunderstandingofwhatcancerisatbottom.Otherpossiblecancer grounding properties related to evolution, adaptability and stochastic features are identified for future work. This approach is novel and offers new solutions to the problemofcancer. · · · · Keywords Cancer Intelligence Symmetry-breaking Computation Ground 1 Introduction Identifying a solution to the unsolved problem of cancer is currently based on a program of scientific reductionism, in which each new solution attempt provides temporarypatientbenefituntiltheoncologistandthefieldofoncologyitselfreaches the end of yet another box canyon.1 In 1990 5.7 million people died from cancer worldwide; in 2017 the number of deaths increased to 9.6 million. Each new 1Acanyonwithverticalwallsandclosedupstreamwithasimilarverticalwall,thatis,adeadend. B J.J.Frost( ) Professoremeritus,BioMolecularImaging,Baltimore,MD21218,USA e-mail:[email protected];[email protected] ©TheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2022 1 I.BalazandA.Adamatzky(eds.),Cancer,Complexity,Computation, Emergence,ComplexityandComputation46, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04379-6_1
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