Calling Philosophers Names: On the Origin of a Discipline PDF
Preview Calling Philosophers Names: On the Origin of a Discipline
C A L L I N G P H IL O S O P H E R S N A M E S C A L L I N G P H IL O SO P H E R S N A M E S On the Origin of a Discipline CHR ISTOPHER MOOR E PRINCE TON UNIVERSITY PRESS Prince ton and Oxford Copyright © 2020 by Princet on University Press Published by Prince ton University Press 41 William Street, Princet on, New Jersey 08540 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TR press . princeton . edu All Rights Reserved LCCN 2019935934 ISBN 9780691195056 ISBN (e- book) 9780691197425 British Library Cataloging-i n- Publication Data is available Editorial: Rob Tempio and Matt Rohal Production Editorial: Natalie Baan Text and Jacket Design: Pamela Schnitter Production: Merli Guerra and Brigid Ackerman Publicity: Alyssa Sanford and Julia Hall Copyeditor: David Robertson Jacket art: Anne Wilson, Bump (still from Errant Behaviors), 2004. Video and sound installation. Composer: Shawn Decker; Animator: Cat Solen; Post-production Animator and Mastering: Daniel Torrente. Copyright 2004 Anne Wilson. Courtesy of the artist and Rhona Hoffman Gallery. This book has been composed in Times New Roman and Adobe Garamond Printed on acid-f ree paper. ∞ Printed in the United States of Ameri ca 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 For Sandra Peterson παρέχω ἐμαυτὸν ἐρωτᾶν, καὶ ἐάν τις βούληται ἀποκρινόμενος ἀκούειν ὧν ἂν λέγω. Surely this was a touch of fine philosophy; though no doubt he had never heard t here was such a thing as that. But, perhaps, to be true phil os o phers, we mortals should not be conscious of so living or so striving. So soon as I hear that such or such a man gives himself out for a phil os o pher, I conclude that, like the dyspeptic old w oman, he must have “broken his digester.” — MELVILLE, MOBY- DICK Why do I wish to call our pres ent activity philosophy, when we also call Plato’s activity philosophy? Perhaps b ecause of a certain analogy between them, or perhaps because of the continuous development of the subject. Or the new activity may take the place of the old b ecause it removes m ental discomforts the old was supposed to. — WITTGENSTEIN CONTENTS Acknowle dgments xi Selected Abbreviations and Editions xiii Map of Places Mentioned xx–xxi CHAPTER 1 Introduction: The Origins of Philosophia 1 ORIGINS CHAPTER 2 Heraclitus against the Philosophoi 37 CHAPTER 3 What Philosophos Could Have Meant: A Lexical Account 66 CHAPTER 4 Pythagoreans as Philosophoi 107 DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 5 Fifth- Century Philosophoi 127 CHAPTER 6 Socrates’s Prosecution as Philosophos 157 CHAPTER 7 Non- Academic Philosophia 194 ACADE MY CHAPTER 8 Plato’s Saving of the Appearances 221 CHAPTER 9 Aristotle’s Historiography of Philosophia 260 CHAPTER 10 Ambivalence about Philosophia beyond the Discipline 288 EPILOGUE Con temporary Philosophy and the History of the Discipline 317 Appendix: Versions of the Pythagoras Story 321 Classical Uses of Philosoph- Discussed in This Book 331 Phil- Prefixed Words Appearing in This Book 335 Bibliography 337 Index 371 Index Locorum 393
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