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01_046414 ffirs.qxp 10/4/06 11:21 AM Page iii C# 2005 Programmer’s Reference Adrian Kingsley-Hughes Kathie Kingsley-Hughes 01_046414 ffirs.qxp 10/4/06 11:21 AM Page ii 01_046414 ffirs.qxp 10/4/06 11:21 AM Page i C# 2005 Programmer’s Reference 01_046414 ffirs.qxp 10/4/06 11:21 AM Page ii 01_046414 ffirs.qxp 10/4/06 11:21 AM Page iii C# 2005 Programmer’s Reference Adrian Kingsley-Hughes Kathie Kingsley-Hughes 01_046414 ffirs.qxp 10/13/06 1:22 PM Page iv C# 2005 Programmer’s Reference Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard Indianapolis, IN 46256 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2007 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada ISBN-13: 978-0-470-04641-8 ISBN-10: 0-470-04641-4 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1B/RZ/RQ/QW/IN Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kingsley-Hughes, Adrian. C# 2005 programmer’s reference / Adrian Kingsley-Hughes, Kathie Kingsley-Hughes. p. cm. ISBN-13: 978-0-470-04641-8 (paper/website) ISBN-10: 0-470-04641-4 (paper/website) 1. C# (Computer program language) I. Kingsley-Hughes, Kathie. II. Title. QA76.73.C154K575 2006 005.13’3--dc22 2006030327 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. 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THE FACT THAT AN ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE IS REFERRED TO IN THIS WORK AS ACITATION AND/OR APOTENTIALSOURCE OF FURTHER INFORMATION DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE AUTHOR OR THE PUBLISHER ENDORSES THE INFORMATION THE ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE MAYPROVIDE OR REC- OMMENDATIONS IT MAY MAKE. FURTHER, READERS SHOULD BE AWARE THAT INTERNET WEBSITES LISTED IN THIS WORK MAYHAVE CHANGED OR DISAPPEARED BETWEEN WHEN THIS WORK WAS WRIT- TEN AND WHEN IT IS READ. For general information on our other products and services please contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at (800) 762-2974, outside the United States at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002. Trademarks:Wiley, the Wiley logo, Wrox, the Wrox logo, Programmer to Programmer, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be avail- able in electronic books. 01_046414 ffirs.qxp 10/4/06 11:21 AM Page v For our kids; you really are the best! 01_046414 ffirs.qxp 10/4/06 11:21 AM Page vi About the Authors Adrian and Kathie Kingsley-Hugheshave written several successful technical/PC books on a variety of computer and IT-related topics. They have also developed numerous successful training manuals and Internet-based courses for nearly a decade. Along with their day-to-day work, they currently teach online courses for several training providers, and Adrian also teaches several highly successful online courses for Barnes and Noble University. They have produced courses and materials that have been used extensively by many Fortune 500 companies and leading universities. Put simply, they’re both geeks! 01_046414 ffirs.qxp 10/4/06 11:21 AM Page vii Credits Acquisitions Editor Graphics and Production Specialists Katie Mohr Carrie A. Foster Heather Ryan Senior Development Editor Alicia B. South Tom Dinse Quality Control Technician Technical Editor Dwight Ramsey Andrew Moore Project Coordinator Production Editor Ryan Steffen William A. Barton Media Development Specialists Copy Editor Angela Denny C.M. Jones Kit Malone Travis Silvers Editorial Manager Mary Beth Wakefield Proofreading and Indexing Techbooks Production Manager Tim Tate Vice President and Executive Group Publisher Richard Swadley Vice President and Executive Publisher Joseph B. Wikert