Business database systems

593 Pages·2008·12.185 MB·English

by  Holowczak, Richard, Connolly, Thomas, Begg, Carolyn E

BUSINESS DATABASE SYSTEMS B Thomas Connolly Carolyn Begg Richard Holowczak
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Thomas Connolly Carolyn Begg Richard Holowczak
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I
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Databases are the underlying framework of any information system. As such, the fortunes of any business or
organisation, in no small way, rest upon the efficacy and efficiency of their database systems. Business Database
E
Systems arms you with the knowledge to analyse, design and implement effective, robust and successful
databases. Using a tried and tested three-phase methodology, the authors lucidly describe each facet of the S
database development lifecycle, giving you a complete understanding of the fundamentals in this key topic S
area and helping you to ensure that your databases are the best that they possibly can be.

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This book is ideal for students of Business/Management Information Systems, or Computer Science,
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who will be expected to take a course in database systems for their degree programme. It is also excellently
suited to any practitioner who needs to learn, or refresh their knowledge of, the essentials of database T
management systems. A
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Key features
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• Three-phase design methodology covering conceptual database design; logical database
S
design; and physical database design.
• Step-by-step approach introduces each stage of the database development life-cycle. E
• Extensive coverage of Structured Query Language (SQL), the industry-standard language
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of databases.
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• Advanced chapters on web-database integration; object-oriented database management
systems; object-relational database management systems; and business intelligence. S
• Highly practical focus with numerous examples and a running ‘real world’ case study. T
• Review questions and exercises help you test your understanding. E
• Uses the Unified Modelling Language (UML), a universally applied diagramming style,
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throughout.
• Provides a comprehensive collection of common data models encountered in business. S
BUSINESS
The authors C
Prof. Thomas Connolly is Chair of the ITCE in Education Research Group at the University of the West of o
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Scotland, and Director of the Scottish Centre for Enabling Technologies. He is a winner of the British Design
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Award for his work on database systems. o
l
l
y
Dr. Carolyn Begg is a lecturer in the School of Computing at the University of the West of Scotland where DATABASE

she teaches Business Database Systems, Advanced Business Systems, and Business Intelligence. B
Prof. Connolly and Dr. Begg are authors of the best-selling Database Systems which has sold over ¼ million e
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copies worldwide. g

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Dr. Richard Holowczak is Associate Professor of Computer Information Systems at Zicklin School of Business,
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City University of New York where he has taught courses on databases, business intelligence, security and l SYSTEMS
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financial information technologies since 1997. Dr. Holowczak is also director of the Wasserman Trading Floor / w
Subotnick Financial Services Centre. c
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a
k
www.pearson-books.com
an imprint of
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BU S I N E S S DATA B A S E
S YS T E M S
Visit the Business Database Systems Companion Website at
www.pearsoned.co.uk/connolly to find valuable student learning
material including:
n Lecture slides
n An implementation of the StayHome Online Rentals database system
in Microsoft Access®
n An SQL script for each common data model described in Appendix I
to create the corresponding set of base tables for the database
system
n An SQL script to create an implementation of the Perfect Pets
database system
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We work with leading authors to develop the
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bringing cutting-edge thinking and best
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Under a range of well-known imprints, including
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BUSINESS DATABASE
SYSTEMS
Thomas Connolly
School of Computing
University of the West of Scotland
Carolyn Begg
School of Computing
University of the West of Scotland
Richard Holowczak
Department of Statistics and Computer Information Systems
Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College
City University of New York
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Pearson Education Limited
Edinburgh Gate
Harlow
Essex CM20 2JE
England
and Associated Companies throughout the world
Visit us on the World Wide Web at:
www.pearsoned.co.uk
First published 2008
© Pearson Education Limited 2008
The rights of Carolyn Begg and Richard Holowczak to be identified as authors of this work
have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the prior
written permission of the publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying
in the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd,
Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS.
The programs in this book have been included for their instructional value.
They have been tested with care but are not guaranteed for any particular
purpose. The publisher does not offer any warranties or representations nor
does it accept any liabilities with respect to the programs.
All trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners.
The use of any trademark in this text does not vest in the author or publisher
any trademark ownership rights in such trademarks, nor does the use of such
trademarks imply any affiliation with or endorsement of this book by such owners.
Software screenshots are reproduced with permission of Microsoft corporation.
ISBN 978-1-4058-7437-3
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Connolly, Thomas.
Business database systems / Thomas Connolly, Carolyn Begg, Richard
Holowczak.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4058-7437-3 (pbk.)
1. Business—Databases. 2. Database management. 3. Database design.
4. Management information systems. I. Begg, Carolyn E.
II. Holowczak, Richard. III. Title.
HF5548.2.C623 2008
005.74—dc22
2008013992
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
12 11 10 09 08
Typeset in 10/12 pt Times by 35
Printed and bound by Rotolito Lombarda, Italy
The publisher’s policy is to use paper manufactured from sustainable forests.
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Dedication
T.C.: To Sheena, Kathryn, Michael and Stephen will all my love.
C.B.: To my Mother for her endless support and encouragement
R.H.: To Yvette, Christopher and Ethan for all of their love and
support.
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Brief contents
Guided Tour xvi
Preface xviii
Part I Background 1
1 Introduction 3
2 The relational model 32
3 SQL and QBE 46
4 The database system development lifecycle 83
Part II Database analysis and design techniques 99
5 Fact-finding 101
6 Entity–relationship modeling 131
7 Enhanced ER modeling 152
8 Normalization 162
Part III Database design methodology 179
9 Conceptual database design 181
10 Logical database design 208
11 Physical database design 236
Part IV Current and emerging trends 269
12 Database administration and security 271
13 Professional, legal, and ethical issues in data management 289
14 Transaction management 309
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viii Brief contents
15 eCommerce and database systems 332
16 Distributed and mobile DBMSs 370
17 Object DBMSs 411
18 Business intelligence 443
Appendices
A The Buyer user view for StayHome Online Rentals 461
B Second case study – PerfectPets 463
C Alternative data modeling notations 468
D Summary of the database design methodology 475
E Advanced SQL 482
F Guidelines for choosing indexes 496
G Guidelines for denormalization 505
H Object-oriented concepts 513
I Common data models 521
Glossary 536
References 556
Index 558
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Contents
Guided Tour xvi
Preface xviii
Part I Background 1
Chapter 1 Introduction 3
Preview 3
Learning objectives 3
1.1 Examples of the use of database systems 4
1.2 Database approach 6
1.3 Database design 14
1.4 Historical perspective of database system development 16
1.5 Three-level ANSI-SPARC architecture 20
1.6 Functions of a DBMS 25
1.7 Advantages and disadvantages of the database approach 28
Chapter summary 29
Review questions 30
Exercises 31
Chapter 2 The relational model 32
Preview 32
Learning objectives 32
2.1 Brief history of the relational model 33
2.2 What is a data model? 34
2.3 Terminology 34
2.4 Relational integrity 39
2.5 Relational languages 43
Chapter summary 44
Review questions 45
Exercises 45