Building Information Modeling: Framework for Structural Design

274 Pages·2015·31.75 MB·English

by  Nawari O. Nawari

ENGINEERING – CIVIL N
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Building Information Modeling ar
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Framework for Structural Design K
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BIM for Structural Engineering and Architecture le
Building Information Modeling: Framework for Structural Design outlines one of the most Michael Kuenstle
promising new developments in architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC). Building
information modeling (BIM) is an information management and analysis technology that is
changing the role of computation in the architectural and engineering industries. The innova-
tive process constructs a database assembling all of the objects needed to build a specific
structure. Instead of using a computer to produce a series of drawings that together describe
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the building, BIM creates a single illustration representing the building as a whole. This book
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highlights the BIM technology and explains how it is redefining the structural analysis and
i
design of building structures. l
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BIM as a Framework Enabler
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Building
This book introduces a new framework—the structure and architecture synergy framework
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(SAS framework)—that helps develop and enhance the understanding of the fundamental n
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principles of architectural analysis using BIM tools. Based upon three main components: the
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structural melody, structural poetry, and structural analysis, along with the BIM tools as the r Information
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frame enabler, this new framework allows users to explore structural design as an art while
also factoring in the principles of engineering. The framework stresses the influence structure a
can play in form generation and in defining spatial order and composition. By highlighting the t
i
interplay between architecture and structure, the book emphasizes the conceptual behaviors o Modeling
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of structural systems and their aesthetic implications and enables readers to thoroughly un-

derstand the art and science of whole structural system concepts. M
• Presents the use of BIM technology as part of a design process or framework that can o
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lead to a more comprehensive, intelligent, and integrated building design Framework
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• Places special emphasis on the application of BIM technology for exploring the intimate
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relationship between structural engineering and architectural design in for Structural
• Includes a discussion of current and emerging trends in structural engineering practice g
and the role of the structural engineer in building design using new BIM technologies
Design
Building Information Modeling: Framework for Structural Design provides a thorough under-
standing of architectural structures and introduces a new framework that revolutionizes the
way building structures are designed and constructed.
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Building
Information
Modeling
Framework
for Structural
Design

Building
Information
Modeling
Framework
for Structural
Design
Nawari O. Nawari
Michael Kuenstle
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2015 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Version Date: 20141204
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4822-4044-3 (eBook - PDF)
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Contents
Preface.......................................................................................................................ix
About the Authors .....................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1 Introduction ..........................................................................................1
General .................................................................................................1
BIM in Education .................................................................................3
Overview .........................................................................................3
BIM for Structural Engineering and Architecture ..........................4
New Framework ...................................................................................5
BIM Concept ........................................................................................7
Structural Design Fundamentals ..........................................................8
Common Attributes of Architecture ...............................................8
Common Attributes of Engineering ................................................9
Differences and Oversight between Architects and Engineers .......9
Summary ............................................................................................10
Chapter 2 Structure and Architecture Synergy Framework (SAS Framework) ......11
Introduction ........................................................................................11
Vocabulary and Objectives.................................................................12
Structural Melodies .......................................................................13
Structural Poetry ...........................................................................21
Structural Analysis ........................................................................26
Exercises .............................................................................................30
Chapter 3 Building Information Modeling .........................................................31
Introduction ........................................................................................31
Customization and Reuse ...................................................................33
What Are the Issues with Doing Anything More Than Once? .....33
Tracking and Representation ..............................................................33
It Is Not Only about Drafting .............................................................33
It Is Not Just a Traditional 3D Model .................................................35
Model Content and Design Intent ......................................................35
Objects and Parameters ......................................................................36
Data Sharing and Collaboration .........................................................36
BIM Platforms ....................................................................................37
Autodesk Revit ..............................................................................37
ArchiCAD .....................................................................................38
Bentley Architecture .....................................................................38
Tekla Structures .............................................................................39
v
vi Contents
Theory of Modeling ...........................................................................39
General ..........................................................................................39
Categories ......................................................................................39
Families .........................................................................................39
Types ..............................................................................................40
Instances ........................................................................................40
Model Creation ..............................................................................42
Exploring the User Interface ..............................................................43
Project ............................................................................................43
Level ..............................................................................................44
Ribbon ...........................................................................................44
Expanded Panels ............................................................................45
Dialog Launcher ............................................................................46
Contextual Ribbon Tabs ................................................................46
Quick Access Toolbar ....................................................................47
To Customize the Quick Access Toolbar ..................................47
Status Bar ......................................................................................47
Options Bar ....................................................................................47
Properties Palette ...........................................................................49
Opening the Properties Palette ......................................................49
BIM in Education ...............................................................................50
BIM for Students of Structural Engineering and Architecture .....51
Exercises .............................................................................................51
Chapter 4 Modeling Elements.............................................................................53
Structural Elements ............................................................................53
Physical and Analytical Models .........................................................53
Modeling Rules ..................................................................................55
Model Integration ...............................................................................56
Spatial Order: Grid Lines ...................................................................56
Levels .................................................................................................57
Columns .............................................................................................58
Beams .................................................................................................63
Walls ...................................................................................................66
Trusses ................................................................................................68
Customizing the Truss Element ....................................................68
Floors ..................................................................................................70
Foundations ........................................................................................75
Families ..............................................................................................77
Testing a Family in a Project .........................................................83
Loads ..................................................................................................84
Boundary Conditions .........................................................................85
Additional Analytical Model Tools ....................................................86
Adjusting the Analytical Model ....................................................86
Contents vii
Check Supports ..............................................................................86
Consistency Checks .......................................................................87
Exercises .............................................................................................87
Chapter 5 Architectural Elements .......................................................................97
Introduction ........................................................................................97
Site Modeling .....................................................................................97
Creating a Topography ..................................................................98
Placing Points ................................................................................98
Importing the CAD File ..............................................................100
Creating a Building Pad ..............................................................101
Landscape and Site Objects .........................................................101
Subregions ...................................................................................105
Grids and Levels ...............................................................................105
Conceptual Design and Analysis .....................................................105
Conceptual Mass Modeling .........................................................105
Creating an In-Place Mass and Mass Families ......................107
Mass Visibility Settings ..........................................................107
In-Place Mass .........................................................................107
Conceptual Design Environment ................................................111
Adding Mass Floors ................................................................116
Scheduling Masses and Mass Floors ......................................116
Conceptual Energy Analysis ..................................................116
Solar and Shadow Studies.......................................................120
Walls and Curtain Walls ..................................................................126
Basic Walls ..................................................................................126
Wall by Face ................................................................................127
Curtain Walls and Curtain Systems ............................................127
Curtain Wall ...........................................................................127
Curtain Systems ......................................................................130
Columns ...........................................................................................131
Floors, Ceilings, and Roof Objects ..................................................131
Floors ...........................................................................................131
Ceilings ........................................................................................132
Roofs ............................................................................................134
Roof by Footprint ...................................................................134
Roof by Extrusion ...................................................................134
Roof by Face ...........................................................................136
Stairs and Elevators ..........................................................................137
Stairs ............................................................................................137
Sketching the Run ...................................................................137
Sketching Boundary and Riser ...............................................137
Elevator Shaft Openings ..............................................................139
Doors and Windows .........................................................................141
viii Contents
Furniture ...........................................................................................143
Groups ..............................................................................................146
Exercises ...........................................................................................149
Chapter 6 Structural Analysis ...........................................................................161
Introduction ......................................................................................161
Analytical Models ............................................................................162
Analytical Model and Element Connections ...................................165
SAS Approach for Structural Analysis ............................................166
Preliminary Analysis........................................................................167
FEM and Revit Extensions ..........................................................167
Load Takedown ...........................................................................168
Beam Analysis .............................................................................169
Truss Analysis .............................................................................173
Frame Analysis ............................................................................175
Slab Analysis ...............................................................................179
Composite Section Design ...........................................................189
Conceptual Form Analysis ..........................................................195
Advanced Structural Design ............................................................197
Wood Systems .............................................................................200
Steel Systems ...............................................................................206
Concrete Systems ........................................................................218
Exercises ...........................................................................................244
References .............................................................................................................255