BSTJ 40: 3. May 1961: Minimum Noise Figure of the Variable-Capacitance Amplifier. (Kurokawa, K.; Uenohara, M.)

10.1 MB·English

Minimum Noise Figure of the
Variable-Capacitance Amplifier

By K. KUROKAWA and ML, LIENOUARA

the

caviektecopatiice cine 1 ame of the est promising nanlinvar
te for le noee parautre apie. In porte, Bett, the
tina havea evi mst ond tite he mon ocovabt
figure Dee ln, le of the bunt onan ea Be
eg Tobin th satsbsion of hs cic tance Ste account, ie
Juve icone te enamoa soieGpac af ycuseie ompliece onder
i age that sy wn vi agen bea
ett fete of the sone, hh et he dened
‘eines ce he on
ee ace ives for ewe
the jee i Pa 8th
the Ser Uta GR, ae hte yg ena joe ter. Jn me
a) the aval eet oe neta sip, lntver the ower eed apie $e
ost the apie ean fds the ga i st
tno wai io sop Soeur
‘Bepeineniadrlvee ere i

fori hy 0a
Sie hie paper, waded
paraie enn atone

he varileenpueitanes pour tre alien i intent pital
boveus it etows prams of ery fiw one aplication. Ter
rise eapeeitanse dines Ya stl ay aise seine ee
seh Tsien minim ye ie orc ester dea,

Mele condurtann can be seghoted

aking the eontisation of fais resutanee ints ascot, Leen” ha
Uisetse the ase Sigue uf ape seland upvnvr sen, nd Fass
Tafel und disse! hes essed he hone sidelines
typo atplinrr, This pager disuse the lower sidebnud idler ov:pu
US name aan ayssaae saeunueaL sou, san na

smaplifer and che degenerate ampliter, in addltion to cho ampliore
neni above, and omapoees teem to one anther. Furr, oe shall
Cemonetrale th unique inprtanea né tke dymuaie quality factor Q, ae
“ifned hee, in chrseterising the cod x» given lela for nae
"igure eonederationz

ie nds is armed ta be a cova eonaction of « jusction expusi-
taste Coy which i peste union ie, maw agmeuing
sistance 2,

‘Leena, se wal ae Hous Lonel, wed the oper-civ areata
fo the unt Inns es hs sie jane, ITrmeves ene re
{tuner nf julie pages" in wie she correct aamamp-
tian i ued, We shall eicuse both of these ensee smmionnosly, end
‘hw itt The tw aerunspions give te sume expres fr the noise
Tigue, te dynam quality fartor Q ie redefined for enc nae,

"To. following couelisona are obvaiced:t

(e} Te noi figure of «cinde yur fe Aasl'y dso. 7
the dymemie cust factor @ of the dices the unio Figure inves
vvth ineronsng wie a?

(The witinaum ei fe for room sempercture operation ofthe
lower sidebar nnpiors lane whew tho idler load eeeeanes p=
rancho ee

(e} Bora given at the signet requoney, chee evite a epsinum.
idler frsuimuny which gives the smalet noise Agu forthe partewlar
tie.

(G2) Redrgosution of the Ser lu iwpruves te oie Figure ule
‘undar certain conditions Ju ns the ile fequeey i layer sn
the opium, the nine fue te aspire an ile aed a2 aera
Temperice bole sy a ya that obteined ang che optimus
‘ler frequen.

("The nivinaan nie figane of the unser sidelnnd up-convertr i
‘onl to thal ofthe lower sideband angpiers wth the opium idler
Freeney oF with ane tampensture dle Za

"The eonofurions (bY and (e) aro eiilar to chase cowed by Mus
and Penld Kotssbue,* ad Kueehsltwod Wes,” bat ace extended
i thie paper chal tengo wees Ke onsen
Tin hie ase, oobi lenin ats ss Fig most nf ae ie power
fencrated bythe deuce action io be Usspated sa the oaiat
fei-tune of the dine. The entpne power, however, ex be faite bee
{use ofthe urine sain bina withthe negative resist eet.

7 Sine eonloiony ars em sine ky HB, RAC MALT
“The concloson (e) nies further Yat ifthe same ds i eb on
pleyrd, « siperior overall nike igure performesce i obtcined with the
hhwer sdeaind anzpitier, imsmush eho prin af the lower sidebrne
swolifor ca ie argee than che* of the upper seband one, Neverthe
Test, there ane otBersiguifesat ppl tone af fae upper siden ape
fonerter which mu is study importa

“Twey anys of minimum noe amplification, not eowered in the
Itorature, ar cused in deta, Those so

(a) te lle ead eigen ton

{) optimum upper edcband construetion
CChiverail curves sev inci shi ionstase noes beaver of the
varie qpetezas eto 0

16 the axutprion i mae at the only eurents which low throng
‘he die junetion aze nt the rg (ay alles Can) equi, al
ie, making the open-ivait asonptinn Zor the unwanted frequencies,
the Suneton ke arated yt olowing equation

| . 1 4 .
“) FaRRo JinKe "

‘wheae C(t) sa junetion capacitance whieh i pesodie fuetion of time

on the other fl, Ue asumplion 3 made cha the only voleages
‘whieh appre sens the jean ane at the rgeal and salle frequencies,
that ig, moking the short igo eumption for the snwantee te
qui the etn in chavaeteizd by

fe] [ae -a9][e
OS rage au, svete nocuieaL soon, may 2601
shew Coan redefined by
Fi Crema + ai

1 tte atho 7 (3 ave mind by he inverse a Te une by tae
man, (3) Becomes

ah 2) “ae —D I

"he digna! tems in the impedance maiioes of (1) and (8) axe jut
ordinary expitanes in serie withthe vile epactane an, them
ir, phay no exeatial role in She pucuuetse proces, These vojneiances
tr inebujed on the ixput and output eiteits whieh are exprewed by
Te impevinnes Zl Ze ey:

Te erie eitance Bes cma Swe only ssipaion clement
of da kr? aad se dps wait Sector of dhe die i deine
o-— 4

SRT
(Gor pon eieutaeuamption}, (0)
Ie

Sinead
Jee ED

(or shortstet arsumption) (7

respectively, where
Io. i”

tr

‘ul Gude te wrinary Quay Farr of the died deel by
1
ca
[slow use pin side des ic warn ino we a a
i a adi ie shone as teat

Ge it
Soi PIGUID oF YasMERCaRserrASrH anenaMie BK

16 ©(0) i Suvi, a expres foe the dynamic quality f

1 opie api Te i feme ' nd
Levi a
O° OT “
Wren snl, dh dpa face spies to
~ ha, an

fue bork weapons, but wlio. y appencebes unity. the opon creit
assumption gives anger valu foe Q, a snow in Hg 1

Tiron the octor Ind, 1/040) inuer, Ue sta vale Qs
bla for both shore aad usenet assumptions

Tag tues ve detsitions of tse mae quality Sector, tho sume
‘sqivalentcreit lynne fr th astmpinas a8 shown jn ie 2
Tin thie za fe Un opener vat voltage of te pat gener

“A simple wuledabkas vows Cant Tog. oun ie replaced by th mone
vent fru of Fig 2 age te wk eel i eee, completely

erm y ct ~ vale ~
; fe. ai |

—_|

Hig) 9008
700 zim ants, exe TReIIENE OTM, MAY 1

aul |
ah eo
8G)

fe whe

Fig. 2 Cina eyeliner cde anplii,

“Tho rex] past ofthe iapub eduace of the deat ie

‘The lrgses rocqutzo of che negtive nescence i abtained when Zip
in equal 9 smo, and the rsistoner 3
Bail ~ Oe

Tig wort ong sha! oli Qs Meervee amie
show negative estan

te diode nc longer
sles cage how pa

‘om Fig. 9 the outpus power ae the isle frequency ie easily eu:
salted. ‘Th rsul

Y

a)
. 0)
whet His te onl rss ani 8 08 of Ze
2 he well per a ie eta
p= EE a
Po a

‘one the ternal iste of the geet, che gain ewes

lle gs

[oreo

quan (11) isthe gain the apie hose int ay ano
ot atay
"The mise vege in thea stent give by

[= sera, bm 1 TRS, 9}

here By -} Ry echo real pues of Zs dhe Poltemann constant;
ie the Pandwiech, ard Ty, Ty, and 7, ano the temoeraturce of 2,
yard ey nape

*titvige 118) fn ye of | He (133, the sie a hae ta
this rise voltage becomes

ARBCT ey | Tabs | Pate) Hh OE

“TCH

Suctarly, ae wake qutpat ata predaaed hy oie souveesithe ae
Gras ists to be

Ca or

pan

WRC, +R, ants

bri) G=8)- a0)

wets, isthe rol pst of Zo nd By and Tears the texperatunes

om code tha the inf th apie lee. Fi tll
702 nie mata sven mrewtran sora, MY HR

of Rand My respeotively. Upon combining (14), (18), end (7), the
te ire ofthe amnplifeeteeomen

ution (181 the nose ue of He lowe sidan ier eutput
Spe tar apie inp se Heh oe
are iy mae oft ena

eel
n't,

4

x

(+H) G+E)-(-“HE)C+8) <0

shore ps have made nse of the fae that Qi aval quit. Sh
‘silting (21) inte (18) aal 20, il hentia aie fighne expression

isolate fr the be esl ler ni and watt
Atmplifor, nemely,
r
LE TRAM TR ATR ATR oy RERER (09
Tle, Tit, we Raita
‘The ling disease, hols ually well So hath ese
Tashi aati fist tak Pf mad tn Ped i Te sneer

‘han 7, Vader these cendions, ting the igh ga condition {21}

fonjunttcn mith (22), it ran Fe shown that A cma be as lange at

Possibve to minim the wise Figo. Using (21), this sequins that

Tey, ee 4 He, and tho reese eomsponeats af Zy andl Zs rst all bo
nal ws pose

1 io gasunpe

alo Che che um oth angio i lage. es sah
so.si AUER OF Yancancaeranaeczaniy annaarica TOS

Whew

= Im 2

fe he

Im Za = Ot

(21) becom

1 at,

ul The unite figute expression sinplfics o give the minimums valu of
”

stag (1800) “

guation (25) i¢ the miaiewm anise figure of a lower sideband
sullen ath «feed idler Srequeney ander the assumption of oaly
friesrevistance partie cement. Fqetion (25) isa function of o>
fend there ba optimus le Frqueney For which inimurs i eb
tesed, Using he rketion

a 8

and 25), the orcs nus ger Baw {he optima rmpedaces ad
pln ier Iqunsey) is given EY

ie
Mat aya

hen

vs)

=o vigor-

Tr Fg, 4 Pu i plotted vers Qj for several diferer: values of ean
lancer tt wun oion T. = Ty. Fa 3 give the eowerponding olct of
Fe scverss 4, Theoptinusn vale hi say varia se sow i Lig 6

1 th pissin apn, (25), e hve assumed thet = Py

unl cows tony tn bia In tise ge the ile ad
{Por owes baer «np gfe, y= Bh aera of

Moca tet cathaens ated) "Hmmm 6
TMG nue ain, averse nacusuess JOURNAE, MAY JO

i=

Sicanoe Re should be as small ag posible. WT, < Tf however, one
thay ager to obtain further impmvement ia tho nash ign fie
‘Eve lor frequsey by propenyy adjwring the land rosette, We
sll now examin his por iy, bx maui unde the vssumpton Hat
‘Peis not smaller dua 7, Broo (22s, under (ie eaiion of eoustaat
Fe, de yume uf the noite ge bones stall when Bleue bw
Toca of he lrgosein rclcon 21), the rim i Re Se ob
tained when

R

Rate

Tan Zn = 0. on

‘We aball sume that (20) ie slid, ‘The cud Ry, ~ Os row
rot accesrily the cos for the minim noise figure, sinew the lst

senor ig a etait ae
IGGRSOES AG tad ta a sr