Brook Taylor’s Work on Linear Perspective: A Study of Taylor’s Role in the History of Perspective Geometry. Including Facsimiles of Taylor’s Two Books on Perspective PDF
Preview Brook Taylor’s Work on Linear Perspective: A Study of Taylor’s Role in the History of Perspective Geometry. Including Facsimiles of Taylor’s Two Books on Perspective
Sources in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences 10 Editor G.l. Toomer Advisory Board R.P. Boas 1.Z. Buchwald P.l. Davis T. Hawkins A.E. Shapiro D. Whiteside Sources in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences Vol. 1: G.J. Toomer (Ed.) Diodes on Burning Mirrors: The Arabic Translation of the Lost Greek Original, Edited, with English Translation and Commentary by GJ. Toomer Vol. 2: A. Hermann, K.V. Meyenn, V.F. Weisskopf(Eds.) Wolfgang Pauli: Scientific Correspondence I: 1919-1929 Vol. 3: J. Sesiano Books IV to VII of Diophantus' Arithmetica: In the Arabic Translation A ttributed to Qusta ibn Liiqa Vol. 4: PJ. Federico Descartes on Polyhedra: A Study of the De Solidorum Elementis Vol. 5: O. Neugebauer Astronomical Cuneiform Texts Vol. 6: K. von Meyenn, A. Hermann, V.F. Weisskopf (Eds.) Wolfgang Pauli: Scientific Correspondence II: 1930-1939 Vol. 7: J.P. Hogendijk Ibn AI-Haytham's Completion oIthe Conics Vol. 8: A. Jones Pappus of Alexandria Book 7 of the Collection Vol. 9: GJ. Toomer (Ed.) Apollonius Conics Books V to VII: The Arabic Translation of the Lost Greek Original in the Version of the Banii Miisil, Edited, with English Translation and Commentary by G.J. Toomer Vol. 10: K. Andersen Brook Taylor's Work on Linear Perspective Kirsti Andersen Brook Taylor's Work on Linear Perspective A Study of Taylor's Role in the History of Perspective Geometry. lncluding Facsimiles of Taylor's Two Books on Perspective. With 114 Illustrations Springer Science+Business Media, LLC Kirsti Andersen History of Science Department University of Aarhus Ny-Munkegade DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark Brook Taylor's Linear Perspective and New Principles of Linear Perspective were printed for R. Knaplock at the Bishop's Head in St. Paul's Church-Yard in 1715 and 1719 respectively. Printed on acid-free paper. © 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Springer-Verlag New York Inc. in 1992 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1s t edition 1992 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission ofthe publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. U se in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc., in this publication, even if the former are not especially identified, is not to be taken as a sign that such names, as understood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may accordingly be used freely by anyone. Typeset by Asco Trade Typesetting Ltd., Hong Kong. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 978-1-4612-6951-9 ISBN 978-1-4612-0935-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4612-0935-5 Brook Taylor From Principles of Linear Perspective (ed. 1. Jopling), Preface The aim of this publication, consisting of three "books", is to make Brook Taylor's two important works on perspective accessible, and to account for Taylor's influential role in the development of the mathematical theory of perspective and its applications. Book One contains a presentation of Taylor's contributions to the theory of perspective and surveys their place in the history of this discipline from Guidobaldo del Monte to Johann Heinrich Lambert; it furthermore describes how significantly they guided the English generation of scientists and practi tioners who worked on perspective after Taylor. In Book Two, Taylor's Linear Perspective (1715) is reproduced to scale 110%. Book Three is a facsimile of his New Principles (1719), in which the figures have been reduced for technical reasons. Each of the last two books are organized so that the plates with figures are placed after the text, and they end with a section of notes where I have made cross references between Books Two and Three and references to Book One. Furthermore, I have added mathematical details to a few of Taylor's arguments and listed some misprints. In the margin to Taylor's text asterisks are placed to indicate my notes. At the end of the publication is an index covering all three books. Acknowledgments Several have generously helped me in preparing this publication. Mette Dybdahl and Kate Larsen have put much work into eradicating linguistic mistakes, typing the manuscript, drawing the figures, and retouching the photographs of Taylor's books. Henk Bos, Jeremy Gray, Jesper Liitzen, and Gerald J. Toomer have given very useful comments on the content and on the English of Book One. I am extremely grateful to all of them, and to my sons, Christian and Michael, for supporting this work. Vll1 Preface Moreover, I am very thankful to the Danish National Library of Science and Medicine for kind permission to reproduce Linear Perspective and New Principles from the originals in its possession. Finally, I want to thank the National Portrait Gallery, London, and the Danish National Library of Science and Medicine for permission to reproduce the photographs of Figures 1,37, and 38. Contents Preface vii BOOK ONE Brook Taylor's Role in the History of Linear Perspective by Kirsti Andersen 1. Introduction 3 2. Taylor's Interest in Perspective 4 3. The Basic Concepts of Taylor's Method 7 4. Taylor's Inheritance 12 5. Towards a Perspective Geometry 23 6. Three-Dimensional Perspective Problems 34 7. Inverse Problems of Perspective 45 8. The Appendices of New Principles 48 9. Taylor and the History of Linear Perspective in England before 1800 51 10. The Acknowledgment of Taylor's Theory on the Continent 60 11. Taylor's Method and Principles 63 12. Concluding Remarks 66 Appendix. The Books on Perspective which Taylor Presumably Possessed 67 BOOK TWO Linear Perspective 69 by Brook Taylor To the Reader 73 I. An Explanation of Those Things that Are Necessary To Be Understood in Order to the Practice of Perspective 75 II. Propositions Relating to the General Practice of Perspective 84 III. Of Finding the Shadows of Given Figures 104 IV. Of Finding the Representations of the Reflections of Figures on Polished Planes 109 V. Of the Inverse Practice of Perspective and of the Manner of Examining Pictures Already Drawn 112 Figures to Linear Perspective 117 Books Printed for R. Knaplock at the Bishop's Head in St. Paul's Church-Yard 135 Notes to Linear Perspective by Kirsti Andersen 137 x Contents BOOK THREE New Principles of Linear Perspective 145 by Brook Taylor Preface 149 Part I. Definitions [Axioms, Theorems, Problems, and Examples] 161 Part II. Of the Manner of Finding the Original Figures from Their Projections Given, and of the Situation That Is Necessary To Be Observed for Viewing Particular Projections 214 Appendix I. The Description of a Method, by which the Representations of Figures May Be Drawn On any Surface, Be it Never so Irregular 219 Appendix II. A New Theory for Mixing of Colours, Taken from Sir Isaac Newton's Opticks 222 Figures to New Principles 231 Notes to New Principles by Kirsti Andersen 245 Bibliography 249 Index 257 Book One Brook Taylor's Role in the History of Linear Perspective Kirsti Andersen
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